# Last edited on 2017-04-28 03:25:54 by jstolfi

Sources: Apelbat et al.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(87)90139-X
https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(89)90161-4

Molar masses and formulas
-------------------------------
Water = 18.0153 

A  90.636 oxalic HO2C-CO2H  H2C2O4  H2Ox
B 104.062 malonic HO2C-CH2-CO2H H4C3O4 H2Malo
C 118.089 succinic HO2C-(CH2)2-CO2H H6C4O4 H2Succ
D 146.143 adipic HO2C-(CH2)4-CO2H H10C6O4 H2Adip
E 116.073 maleic HO2C-CH=CH-CO2H(cis) H4C4O4cis H2Male
F 134.089 malic HO2C-CH2-CHOH-CO2H(DL) H6C4O5dl H2Mali_dl
G 192.125 citric HO2C-CH2-(COH-CO2H)-CH2-CO2H H8C6O7 H3Cit
H 150.088 tartaric HO2C-CHOH-CHOH-CO2H(L?DL?) H6C4O6unk H2Tar

Second paper - solid phases in equilibrium are all anhydrous.

I 176.126 ascorbic HO2C>-C=COH-CO<H-CHOH-CH2-OH H8C6O6 HAsc
J 112.085 2-furancarboxilic HC=CHOH-C(CO2H)=CH H5C5O3 HFur2c
K 132.116 glutaric HO2C-(CH2)3-CO2H  H8C5O4  H2Glutr
L 160.169 pimelic HO2C-(CH2)5-CO2H  H12C7O4 H2Pim
M 166.133 o-phtalic C6H4(CO2H)2 H6C8O4 H2Opth
N 138.123 salicylic C6H4(OH)(CO2H) H6C7O3 HSali

Solubilities in water
---------------------

Values are mole fractions x (moles of acid per total moles of solution)

T/C = T/K - 273.15

     T/K ! T/C !       A !      B !       C !       D !       E !       F !       G !       H
---------+-----+---------+--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------
  278.15 |   5 | 0.00924 | 0.1686 | 0.00539 | 0.00123 | 0.06729 | 0.11230 | 0.09084 | 0.12110
  283.15 |  10 | 0.01124 | 0.1791 | 0.00680 | 0.00143 | 0.07786 | 0.12140 | 0.09975 | 0.12730
  288.15 |  15 | 0.01479 | 0.1903 | 0.00859 | 0.00194 | 0.08688 | 0.13180 | 0.11000 | 0.13260
  293.15 |  20 | 0.01863 | 0.2038 | 0.01092 | 0.00239 | 0.09686 | 0.14540 | 0.11950 | 0.13700
  298.15 |  25 | 0.02301 | 0.2176 | 0.01337 | 0.00307 | 0.11090 | 0.15780 | 0.13210 | 0.14350
  303.15 |  30 | 0.02690 | 0.2309 | 0.01591 | 0.00381 | 0.12370 | 0.16810 | 0.14960 | 0.15030
  308.15 |  35 | 0.03421 | 0.2455 | 0.01928 | 0.00476 | 0.14190 | 0.18100 | 0.16170 | 0.15830
  313.15 |  40 | 0.04133 | 0.2633 | 0.02384 | 0.00619 | 0.15450 | 0.19760 | 0.16870 | 0.16380
  318.15 |  45 | 0.04934 | 0.2767 | 0.02961 | 0.00843 | 0.17450 | 0.20940 | 0.18230 | 0.17200
  323.15 |  50 | 0.05887 | 0.2911 | 0.03550 | 0.01080 | 0.18420 | 0.23130 | 0.19040 | 0.18260
  328.15 |  55 | 0.06956 | 0.3120 | 0.04237 | 0.01518 | 0.19900 | 0.24820 | 0.19910 | 0.19240
  333.15 |  60 | 0.07813 | 0.3335 | 0.04862 | 0.02135 | 0.21770 | 0.26910 | 0.21030 | 0.19890
  338.15 |  65 | 0.09830 | 0.3532 | 0.06023 | 0.02437 | 0.23230 | 0.29390 | 0.22390 | 0.20880


     T/K !   T/C !       I !        J !       K !        L !         M !         N
---------+-------+---------+----------+---------+----------+-----------+----------
  279.15 |  6.00 |  .      | 0.004111 | 0.07340 | 0.002044 |  .        |  .       
  280.15 |  7.00 | 0.01994 | 0.004141 |  .      |  .       |  .        |  .       
  281.15 |  8.00 | 0.02056 |  .       | 0.07835 | 0.002111 |  .        |  .       
  283.15 | 10.00 | 0.02153 |  .       |  .      |  .       |  .        |  .       
  283.65 | 10.50 |  .      | 0.004310 |  .      |  .       | 0.0002836 | 0.0001998  # [Note 2]
  284.15 | 11.00 | 0.02254 | 0.004625 | 0.08503 | 0.002454 |  .        |  .       
  285.15 | 12.00 |  .      | 0.004712 |  .      |  .       |  .        |  .       
  286.15 | 13.00 |  .      |  .       | 0.10050 |  .       |  .        |  .       
  289.15 | 16.00 | 0.02572 | 0.004832 | 0.11850 | 0.004175 |  .        |  .       
  291.15 | 18.00 |  .      |  .       | 0.12850 | 0.004741 |  .        |  .       
  293.15 | 20.00 |  .      |  .       | 0.13850 | 0.005685 |  .        |  .       
  294.15 | 21.00 | 0.02984 | 0.006333 |  .      |  .       |  .        |  .       
  296.15 | 23.00 |  .      |  .       |  .      |  .       | 0.0007093 |  .       
  297.15 | 24.00 |  .      |  .       |  .      | 0.007377 |  .        |  .       
  298.15 | 25.00 | 0.03334 | 0.007965 | 0.16000 | 0.007565 | 0.0007613 | 0.0003333
  301.15 | 28.00 |  .      | 0.008860 |  .      |  .       |  .        |  .       
  302.15 | 29.00 | 0.03840 | 0.009903 | 0.18850 | 0.009064 |  .        |  .       
  302.65 | 29.50 |  .      |  .       |  .      |  .       | 0.0009354 |  .       
  304.15 | 31.00 |  .      |  .       | 0.20010 | 0.009937 |  .        |  .       
  307.15 | 34.00 | 0.04433 | 0.012510 | 0.21610 | 0.011270 | 0.0010660 | 0.0004411
  309.15 | 36.00 | 0.04582 | 0.012990 |  .      |  .       | 0.0011940 |  .       
  310.15 | 37.00 |  .      |  .       | 0.23560 | 0.013160 |  .        |  .       
  311.15 | 38.00 |  .      | 0.015420 |  .      |  .       | 0.0012610 |  .       
  312.15 | 39.00 | 0.04965 |  .       | 0.24930 |  .       |  .        |  .       
  313.15 | 40.00 |  .      |  .       |  .      | 0.018650 |  .        |  .       
  315.15 | 42.00 |  .      | 0.023060 |  .      |  .       | 0.0015100 |  .       
  316.15 | 43.00 | 0.05598 |  .       | 0.28070 | 0.036390 |  .        |  .       
  317.15 | 44.00 | 0.05649 | 0.025660 | 0.28680 |  .       | 0.0016410 | 0.0005725
  318.15 | 45.00 | 0.05845 |  .       | 0.28890 | 0.046390 | 0.0016430 | 0.0006772
  319.15 | 46.00 |  .      |  .       |  .      |  .       | 0.0018100 |  .       
  319.80 | 46.65 |  .      | 0.031000 |  .      |  .       |  .        |  .       
  320.15 | 47.00 |  .      |  .       |  .      |  .       |  .        | 0.0006720
  320.55 | 47.40 |  .      |  .       | 0.30760 |  .       |  .        |  .       
  320.65 | 47.50 |  .      |  .       |  .      | 0.058410 |  .        |  .       
  320.85 | 47.70 | 0.06144 |  .       |  .      |  .       |  .        |  .       
  321.65 | 48.50 | 0.06390 |  .       |  .      |  .       |  .        |  .       
  323.15 | 50.00 | 0.06636 | 0.051260 | 0.32670 | 0.077640 | 0.0020470 | 0.0007425
  323.55 | 50.40 | 0.06733 |  .       |  .      |  .       |  .        |  .       
  324.15 | 51.00 | 0.06834 |  .       |  .      |  .       |  .        | 0.0007854
  325.15 | 52.00 |  .      | 0.066410 |  .      |  .       | 0.0022270 | 0.0008474  # [Note 1]
  325.65 | 52.50 | 0.07340 |  .       |  .      |  .       |  .        |  .       
  327.15 | 54.00 | 0.07391 | 0.072250 |  .      |  .       | 0.0024840 | 0.0009339
  327.25 | 54.10 | 0.07552 |  .       |  .      |  .       |  .        |  .       
  327.65 | 54.50 |  .      | 0.074030 | 0.35500 |  .       |  .        |  .       
  327.98 | 54.83 |  .      |  .       |  .      | 0.139700 |  .        |  .       
  328.15 | 55.00 | 0.07754 | 0.090730 |  .      |  .       |  .        | 0.0009645
  329.15 | 56.00 |  .      |  .       | 0.39820 |  .       |  .        |  .       
  330.65 | 57.50 |  .      | 0.128400 |  .      |  .       |  .        | 0.0011080
  332.15 | 59.00 |  .      |  .       | 0.41940 |  .       |  .        |  .       
  333.15 | 60.00 |  .      |  .       |  .      | 0.188900 |  .        |  .       
  333.18 | 60.03 | 0.08158 |  .       |  .      |  .       |  .        |  .       
  333.20 | 60.05 |  .      | 0.144100 |  .      |  .       |  .        |  .       
  334.15 | 61.00 |  .      |  .       |  .      |  .       | 0.0032270 |  .       
  334.25 | 61.10 |  .      |  .       | 0.42410 |  .       |  .        |  .       
  334.55 | 61.40 |  .      | 0.144400 |  .      |  .       |  .        |  .       
  334.65 | 61.50 |  .      |  .       |  .      |  .       |  .        | 0.0013060
  335.15 | 62.00 | 0.08336 |  .       |  .      |  .       |  .        |  .       
  336.15 | 63.00 |  .      | 0.199200 | 0.47800 |  .       |  .        |  .       
  337.65 | 64.50 |  .      |  .       |  .      | 0.261100 |  .        |  .       
  338.15 | 65.00 | 0.08850 |  .       |  .      |  .       | 0.0040040 |  .         # [Note 2]
  339.15 | 66.00 |  .      |  .       |  .      |  .       |  .        | 0.0014900
  341.15 | 68.00 |  .      | 0.261700 |  .      |  .       |  .        |  .       
  342.15 | 69.00 |  .      |  .       | 0.53730 | 0.327700 |  .        |  .       


Note 1: For column M (o-phtalic acid), the paper gave 0.0020470 and
0.0022270, both at 323.15 K. Looking at the plot, the first value fitted
the general trend, but the second value would have been about right for
325.15 K. Corrected.

Note 2: For coumn M (o-phtalic acid), the data points fit almost
perfectly an exponential between 296.15 K and 334.15 K. The first data
value, for 283.65 K, lies well below that trend line (0.0002836 instead
of ~0.0004280). A possible error? The last data point, for 338.15 K,
lies a little above the trend line (0.004004 instead of ~0.003762), and
that difference is quite a bit larger than the typical measurement
error.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: Oliveira et al.
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2013.05.014

Numbers are molar fractions.
Errors are claimed to be less than ±0.0015

    Table 1.

Experimental solubility of citric acid in pure solvents at different temperatures.

# Water:

    T/K !   T/C !      x
  ------+-------+-------
  293.7 | 20.55 | 0.1224
  303.3 | 30.15 | 0.1510
  313.4 | 40.25 | 0.1712
  322.2 | 49.05 | 0.1864
  333.1 | 59.95 | 0.2061

# Ethanol 

    T/K !   T/C !      x
  ------+-------+-------
  293.7 | 20.55 | 0.2482
  303.3 | 30.15 | 0.2700
  313.4 | 40.25 | 0.2806

# n-Propanol      

    T/K !   T/C !      x
  ------+-------+-------
  293.7 | 20.55 | 0.2743
  303.3 | 30.15 | 0.2794
  313.4 | 40.25 | 0.2859

 Table 2: Experimental results for citric acid in ethanol water systems.

    T/K !   T/C !    xEt !    xCA 
  ------+-------+--------+--------
  293.7 | 20.55 |  .     | 0.1224 
  293.7 | 20.55 | 0.1989 | 0.1721 
  293.7 | 20.55 | 0.3997 | 0.1876 
  293.7 | 20.55 | 1.0000 | 0.2482 
  ------+-------+--------+--------
  303.3 | 30.15 |  .     | 0.1510 
  303.3 | 30.15 | 0.1997 | 0.1678 
  303.3 | 30.15 | 0.3997 | 0.1752 
  303.3 | 30.15 | 0.6005 | 0.1825 
  303.3 | 30.15 | 1.0000 | 0.2700 
  ------+-------+--------+--------
  313.4 | 40.25 |  .     | 0.1712 
  313.4 | 40.25 | 0.1997 | 0.2097 
  313.4 | 40.25 | 0.3997 | 0.2164 
  313.4 | 40.25 | 0.6005 | 0.2196 
  313.4 | 40.25 | 1.0000 | 0.2806 
  ------+-------+--------+--------
  322.2 | 49.05 |  .     | 0.1864 
  322.2 | 49.05 | 0.1997 | 0.2395 
  322.2 | 49.05 | 0.3997 | 0.2661 
  322.2 | 49.05 | 0.7988 | 0.2919 
  ------+-------+--------+--------
  333.1 | 59.95 |  .     | 0.2061
    
----------------------------------------------------------------------    
Source: Wierzbowska et al
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2006.07.005

LAA = L-ascorbic acid

Experimental test data concerning the metastable zone width in a
LAA/MeOH/EtOH/H2O system (batch cooling DT crystallizer).

The first four numbers are the composition of solution (mass%).

Tsa = Practical solubility temperature
Tnu = Nucleation temperature  
DT = Critical supercooling

  LAA ! MeOH ! EtOH ! H2O ! Tsa(K) ! Tsa(C) ! Tnu(K) ! Tnu(C) ! DT(K)
  ----+------+------+-----+--------+--------+--------+--------+------
   30 |    2 |   10 |  58 |  313.5 |  40.35 |  279.5 |   6.35 |  34.0
   30 |    6 |    6 |  58 |  313.0 |  39.85 |  278.5 |   5.35 |  34.5
   30 |   10 |    2 |  58 |  312.5 |  39.35 |  278.0 |   4.85 |  34.5
   30 |    5 |   15 |  50 |  316.5 |  43.35 |  279.5 |   6.35 |  37.0
   30 |   10 |   10 |  50 |  316.0 |  42.85 |  279.0 |   5.85 |  37.0
   30 |   15 |    5 |  50 |  315.0 |  41.85 |  278.0 |   4.85 |  37.0
   30 |   10 |   20 |  40 |  321.5 |  48.35 |  283.0 |   9.85 |  38.5
   30 |   15 |   15 |  40 |  320.5 |  47.35 |  282.5 |   9.35 |  38.0
   30 |   20 |   10 |  40 |  320.0 |  46.85 |  280.5 |   7.35 |  39.5
   30 |   10 |   30 |  30 |  329.0 |  55.85 |  291.5 |  18.35 |  37.5
   30 |   20 |   20 |  30 |  327.0 |  53.85 |  289.0 |  15.85 |  38.0
   30 |   30 |   10 |  30 |  325.0 |  51.85 |  286.5 |  13.35 |  38.5
   40 |    2 |   10 |  48 |  331.0 |  57.85 |  306.0 |  32.85 |  25.0
   40 |    6 |    6 |  48 |  330.0 |  56.85 |  303.0 |  29.85 |  27.0
   40 |   10 |    2 |  48 |  329.0 |  55.85 |  301.0 |  27.85 |  28.0
   40 |    5 |   15 |  40 |  335.5 |  62.35 |  308.5 |  35.35 |  27.0
   40 |   10 |   10 |  40 |  335.0 |  61.85 |  306.0 |  32.85 |  29.0
   40 |   15 |    5 |  40 |  334.0 |  60.85 |  304.0 |  30.85 |  30.0
   40 |   10 |   20 |  30 |  341.5 |  68.35 |  315.5 |  42.35 |  26.0
   40 |   15 |   15 |  30 |  340.0 |  66.85 |  313.0 |  39.85 |  27.0
   40 |   20 |   10 |  30 |  339.0 |  65.85 |  311.5 |  38.35 |  27.5
   40 |   10 |   30 |  20 |  353.0 |  79.85 |  333.0 |  59.85 |  20.0
   40 |   20 |   20 |  20 |  351.0 |  77.85 |  329.0 |  55.85 |  22.0
   40 |   30 |   10 |  20 |  348.0 |  74.85 |  325.0 |  51.85 |  23.0
   45 |    2 |   10 |  43 |  339.0 |  65.85 |  317.5 |  44.35 |  21.5
   45 |    6 |    6 |  43 |  339.0 |  65.85 |  317.5 |  44.35 |  21.5
   45 |   10 |    2 |  43 |  339.0 |  65.85 |  316.5 |  43.35 |  22.5
   45 |    5 |   15 |  35 |  343.5 |  70.35 |  323.5 |  50.35 |  20.0
   45 |   10 |   10 |  35 |  343.0 |  69.85 |  320.5 |  47.35 |  22.5
   45 |   15 |    5 |  35 |  342.5 |  69.35 |  320.0 |  46.85 |  22.5
   45 |   10 |   20 |  25 |  353.0 |  79.85 |  335.0 |  61.85 |  18.0
   45 |   15 |   15 |  25 |  352.0 |  78.85 |  333.5 |  60.35 |  18.5
   45 |   20 |   10 |  25 |  349.0 |  75.85 |  329.5 |  56.35 |  19.5
   50 |    2 |   10 |  38 |  349.0 |  75.85 |  329.5 |  56.35 |  19.5
   50 |    6 |    6 |  38 |  348.0 |  74.85 |  327.0 |  53.85 |  21.0
   50 |   10 |    2 |  38 |  347.5 |  74.35 |  327.5 |  54.35 |  20.0
   50 |    5 |   15 |  30 |  353.5 |  80.35 |  336.5 |  63.35 |  17.0
   50 |   10 |   10 |  30 |  353.0 |  79.85 |  335.0 |  61.85 |  18.0
   50 |   15 |    5 |  30 |  352.5 |  79.35 |  333.5 |  60.35 |  19.0

    Cooling rate, RT = 8.33 × 10^{-3} K/s.