## {} # Last edited on 1998-12-05 11:22:03 by stolfi # # AN INTERLINEAR ARCHIVE OF VOYNICH MANUSCRIPT TRANSCRIPTIONS IN EVA # ================================================================== # # OVERVIEW # # Edited by J. Stolfi # Release 1.6e6 - ?? Dec 1998 # # This file was derived mainly from # # INTERLN.EVT file version 1.6, by Gabriel Landini (27 Sep 1996) # # Partial transcriptions by John Grove, posted to the Voynich mailing list. # # Partial transcriptions by Jorge Stolfi. # # A COMPLETE transcription by Takeshi Takahashi (25 Nov 1998). # # The bulk of the text taken from INTERLN.EVT consisted of the # historical (punchcard) transcriptions by W. Friedman, M. D'Imperio, # C. Currier, and others, re-typed, edited and published by Jim Reeds, # Jim Guillogly and Jacques Guy. See sections and for more # details. # # The version by T. Takahashi was fetched from his site on 25 Nov # 1998. It is the first complete transcription of the VMS, and the # only one in this file that uses the full EVA encoding (including # "weirdos"). # # Extensive edits were made to the above files by J. Stolfi, mostly # affecting comments, line and paragraph breaks, and line numbering. # Here is a quick summary: # # Split into separate files (one per textual unit). # # Added "text unit" codes (usually ".P") to main text lines. # # Mapped to the EVA encoding. # # Unfolded '[|]' choices into separate lines. # # Added many new transcriptions and comments. # # Corrected many line-breaking errors in the interlinear file. # # Abolished the "astro"/"cosmo" distinction; it is all "cosmo" now. # # Added unit header lines " {...}" besides page headers. # # On the other hand, no text characters or word breaks were # (consciously) changed. More details about the edits can be found in # the other parts of this introduction (sections ). # ## {} # Last edited on 1998-12-19 23:29:34 by stolfi # # FILE INTERLN.EVT VERSION 1.6 # Original description by by Gabriel Landini, 27 Sep 1996. # # [ Amendments/additions by J. Stolfi in "[]" ] # # This file [ INTERLN.EVT ] is an interlinear version of the Voynich # manuscript transcriptions from: # # a) P. Currier + new additions by the VMS list members (Jim Gillogly, # Jim Reeds, Mike Roe 1990-1994) # b) the First Study Group (W. Friedman 1945-1949) # c) other pages transcriptions (Don Latham 1996, Mike Roe 1996, # John H. Tiltman 1951, Karl Kluge 1992, Jim Reeds 1996) # # Please report any problems to: G.Landini@bham.ac.uk or to the Voynich # list: Voynich@rand.org # # To join the Voynich list, send e-mail to Voynich-request@rand.org # # I will be responsible for keeping this file corrected and updated, # so if you find any corrections, please contact me so they can be # included in the next version of this file. All credits and thanks to # the members of the Voynich list who made the original transcriptions # available on line. # # This file was produced for the EVMT project (European Voynich # Manuscript Transcription) by G. Landini and R. Zandbergen. We intend # to transcribe the whole manuscript from T. C. Petersen's hand # transcription of a set of photostats (1931) and from previous # transcriptions available in machine readable format. The # transcription will use the EVA alphabet that will allow translation # of the document into the three most common alphabets associated with # the manuscript: FSG alphabet, Currier's alphabet and Frogguy (by # Jacques Guy). # # INTERLN17.EVT is based on the files: voynich.now, FSG.NEW and # tiltman.txt with some small corrections. The Currier version was # originally coded in Currier's alphabet. I translated it to FSG # "enhanced" alphabet using Jacques Guy's BITRANS program and a set of # rules CUR2FSG2 based on a message by Jim Reeds to the Voynich # mailing list. # # The FSG alphabet does not contain the Currier characters 6 and 7. To # preserve these, characters 6 and 7 were kept unchanged in the resulting # FSG version. Currier 6 usually corresponds to K in FSG, while 7 was # transcribed as K or 8 by the FSG team. # # I added a few "end of line" - and "end of paragraph" = marks where missing # to keep line lengths equal between versions. # All double spaces ",," were replaced with single spaces. # # FORMAT OF THIS FILE # ------------------- # # Logical divisions # ----------------- # # The file is divided into logical "pages", which are subdivided into # "units", so that each unit contains only one type of text (paragraphs, # labels, circular lines, etc; see section for more details. # # # Locators # -------- # # [ Locators are constructs used to identify a page, a logical text # unit, or a line of the VMS. Locators usually ] appear in angle brackets <>. # # The format of a [ page locator ] is: "f" plus the folio number, plus # "r" for "recto" or "v" for "verso", and sometimes a further number # for complex folios, [ all within <> ]. Ex: indicates folio 1 # verso; [ indicates the second page of the fold-out folio 101, # recto. See Jim Reeds site for a complete list of folios and # their division into pages. ] # # [ A unit locator has the form where is the page # locator and UU is a tag that identifies the unit within the page: # typically "P" or "P1", "P2",... for paragraph-formatted blocks, # "L1", "L2", ... for labels, and so on. ] # # [ A line locator has the form where is # the unit locator; LL is the line number; and T is the transcriber's # code. # # The line number is a non-negative integer, optionally followed by a # lowercase letter { a ... e }. The transcriber code is an uppercase # letter. ] # # In a few places there was a "first" line not present in one of the # other versions. These lines were numbered [ "0", or "0a", "0b", # etc... Examples: , , . ] # # The unit tags and line numbers for labels and other non-paragraph # text were standardized across versions, in all cases where there # were conflicts. The original locators were usually retained as '{}' # comments at the end of the line. ] # # # Line format # ----------- # # [ Each line in the file can be # # (a) a /line comment/, identified by a "#" in column 1. # # (b) a /page header/ or /unit header/, containing a page or unit locator # in column 1, followed by "parsable information"; # # (c) a /data line/, with a line locator in columns 1-19 plus one line of # Voynich text starting on column 20 (which may contain in-line comments). # # To simplify parsing by Unix tools, the page/unit header lines (b) # were "passivated" by inserting "## " in front of them. These are the # only lines that begin with "##". ] # # As in the original transcription files, text limited by curly brackets {} # is a comment. # # # Transcriber codes # ----------------- # # [ The following transcriber codes were inherited from INTERLN.EVT: ] # # C: Currier's transcription plus new additions from members of the # voynich list as found in the file voynich.now. # F: First study group's (Friedman's) transcription including various # items as found in the file FSG.NEW. # T: John Tiltman's transcription of some pages. # L: Don Latham's recent transcription of some pages. # R: Mike Roe's recent transcription of some pages. # K: Karl Kluge's transcription of some labels from Petersen's copies. # J: Jim Reed's transcription of some previously unreadable characters. # # [ The following codes were added by J. Stolfi after 05 Nov 1997, # in the unfolding of "[|]" groups: # # D: second choice from [|] in "C" lines. # G: second choice from [|] in "F" lines, mostly from [1609|16xx]. # I: second choice from [|] in "J" lines. # Q: second choice from [|] in "K" lines. # M: second choice from [|] in "L" lines. # # The following codes were assigned by J. Stolfi for use in # "new" transcriptions: # # H: Takeshi Takahashi's full transcription (see f0.K). # N: Gabriel Landini. # U: Jorge Stolfi. # V: John Grove. # P: Father Th. Petersen (a few readings reported by K. Kluge). # X: Denis V. Mardle. # Z: Rene Zandbergen. # ] # # # Parsable information # -------------------- # # Rene Zandbergen has added the Parsable Information to this file: # # A special type of in-line comment appears after the [ page/unit # locator in page/unit header lines (type b1) ]. We call this # "parsable information". The information is coded in "variables" set # to values specific for that [ page/unit ], to facilitate the parsing # and filtering using VTT. The variable names are single characters # preceded by the $ symbol and they take as value a single character: # # $I = illustration type (T,H,A,Z,B,C,P,S) # Text, Herbal, Astronomical, Zodiac, Biological, Cosmological, # Pharmaceutical or Stars. # $Q = Quire (A-T) # $P = page in quire (A-X) # $L = Currier's language (A,B) # $H = Currier's hand (1,2,3,4,5,X,Y) # $N = has non-Voynich text (Y) # $K = has key-like sequence (Y) # $X = has extraneous writing (Y) # # Ex: {$I=H $Q=A $P=I $L=A $H=1 $N=Y} indicates a Herbal page # in quire A, page I, Currier Language A, hand 1 and has non-Voynich # text. Refer to the VTT documentation for details on how to use the # parsable information. # # # Filler characters # ----------------- # # [ The filler characters "!" and "%" are used to align the various # version of the same line, with slightly different meanings. # # The "%" filler is used for relatively long stretches (at least one # full word, usually next to or across a line break) that were # obviously skipped or lost in one particular transcription of a line. # A "%" can be interpreted as "this transcription contains no # information about this part of the VMS text." Thus a line that is # omitted from a particular version is equivalent to a line full of # "%"s. # # The "!" filler is used for all other purposes. It denotes a # character or word break that was either skipped or lost, or that # (according to the transcriber) does not exist. In particular "!" is # generally used where other versions have {}-comments. # # It is always OK to insert a "!" anywhere in the Voynich text. It is # also OK to use "!" instead of "%", although the latter is more # informative, and can be handled differently when computing # "majority" and "consensus" versions. That is, "%" means "no vote on # this character" while "!" means "one vote for there being no # character here". # # Note that the original INTERLN file used "%" and "!" as fillers # with somewhat different meanings. ] # # # Alternative versions # -------------------- # # The Friedman version (FSG.NEW) is composed of various items and # therefore there are variations within FSG.NEW. [ In INTERLN.EVT, # this variation was ] indicated as [A|B], meaning that one item has a # character transcribed as an "A" and the other a "B". [ These '[|]' # constructs were later unfolded into separate lines, identified by # distinctive transcriber codes; see the table above. ] # # Because the brackets and the "or" symbol | also break the # synchronism but do not indicate any Voynich characters in the # sequence, the exclamation mark "!" was used to indicate that the # other version has extra characters that do not code Voynich text. ] # # # Breaks and spaces # ----------------- # # [ Breaksin the text are indicated according to the EVA conventions: # # "," A dubious word break. # # "." A definite word break. # # "-" In line-final position: a line break within a paragraph. # Elsewhere: a major break in the text---an extra-wide # gap, an intruding figure, a vellum defect, etc.. # # "=" Always in line-final position: a paragraph break # (defined by extra interline space, use of

and gallows, # incomplete previous line, end of page, etc. # # The word breaks ("." and ",") are taken from the transcription. The # figure, line, and paragraph breaks ("-" and "=") were inserted by # the editord of the interlinear, by looking at the reproductions of # the VMS, without regard for the transcriber's opinion. This should # not matter much, since the line breaks are hardly in question, and # most paragraph breaks are fairly obvious too. # # Every line must end with either "-" or "=", or, in the case of # circular lines, with "." or ",". There should be at least one normal # letter between two succesive break characters (",", ".", "-", or # "="). # # ... ] # ## {} # Last edited on 1998-12-05 11:19:20 by stolfi # # FILE FSG.NEW # Original description by Jim Reeds, 18 Jun 1994 # # [ Amendments/additions by J. Stolfi in "[]" ] # # [ The file fsg.new is a ] combined version of all First Study Group # transcriptions found in William F. Friedman Collection, Marshall # Library, Lexington, Virginia. # # These are: # # Item 1609, an almost complete transcription of all of the VMS # # A transcription found in folder 1613, of f111v through f114r # # An unnumbered item, seemingly a partial draft of 1609, of f41r - f58r # # Comments in item 1609 have not been transfered to this file. # # These have been edited together, with points of difference indicated # thus: toma[y|h]to, meaning the one version reads tomayto and the other # reads tomahto. # # Line ends have been marked with - and paragraph ends with = # # Line ends have been ruthlessly supplied from other partial transcriptions # of the VMS and in some cases from inspection of photocopies. # # Since much of the the FSG transcription was unchecked, there are numerous # transcription blunders, caused by eye skip, line omission, and possibly # by IBM card loss. In some cases these mistakes were so severe that it # was impossible to insert line ends correctly. # # [ Many additional line breaking and ordering errors in the FSG # transcriptions were fixed by J. Stolfi, after conversion to EVA. # Most (but probably not all) of these fixes are listed in section # . ] # ## {} # Last edited on 1998-12-19 18:38:45 by stolfi # # TAKESHI TAKAHASHI'S FULL TRANSCRIPTION # # Takeshi Takahashi announced on 25 Nov 1998 the first # complete, single-handed transcription of the VMS: # # http://www3.justnet.ne.jp/~ttakahashike/voynich/pages/index.htm # # In his words, it was "hard work and took me half a year to # transcribe". We can believe that. He adds: # # ------------------------------------------------------------ # I transcribed in EVA solely by referencing the VMs. I did not # cross-reference with either FSG or the Currier transcriptions. # # I tried to transcribe as the text appeared, so I sometimes ignored # apparent spaces between words. # # Maybe this is not a good analysis. (I mean, originally two words, maybe, # at some case, I recognized one word. It is very difficult to distinguish # a space.) # # I had difficulty in distinguishing from , from and # from . # # When I couldn't make out a tail on an , I transcribed . # # I distinguished from , but I have no idea whether this # distinction is necessary or not. # ------------------------------------------------------------------ # # Takeshi's transcription was published in HTML format, with word breaks # encoded as " ". Merging with the other transcriptions required # extensive edits to that file, affecting mainly line breaks, # paragraph marks, and label ordering. The main changes were: # # Removed HTML formatting. # # Split, merged and rearranged some lines. # # Added or removed "#"-comments, "{}"-comments and "!" fillers. # # Changed some spacers (".", "-", "="). # # Changed HTML-style weirdo notation "&nnn;" to 8-bit chars and vice-versa. # # On the other hand, the text characters and word division were not changed, # so all the edits can be considered "cosmetic surgery". # ## {} # Last edited on 1998-12-12 04:15:23 by stolfi # # DIFFERENCES BETWEEN INTERLN.EVT AND THE PRESENT FILE # By Jorge Stolfi since Sep 1997 # # I made many changes to the format and comments # of Gabriel's INTERLN.EVT, after fetching it on Sep/Oct 1997. # # * I converted the file to the EVA alphabet. This step is # described in more detail in section . # # * I expanded lines with the "[|]" notation into line pairs # with different transcriber codes. This step is described # in section . # # * I split the interlinear into many separate files: one file # for each page, containing only comments, and one file for each # "text unit" or "locus" (block of homogeneous-looking text) within # the page. This step is detailed in section . # # * I replaced some non-FSG characters found in INTERLN.EVT by "*" or by # valid EVA characters, as it seemed appropriate, usually leaving the # original as an {}-comment. # # * I fixed many missing or bogus "-" and "=". # # * I fixed several line-breaking errors in INTERLN.EVT, # mostly cases where the last character of a line was omitted and # entered as a separate word on the following line. I tried to # record all these fixes in section . # # * I reassigned the text unit codes in a more consistent # manner across the manuscript. Specifically, to each *set* of # labels in a text unit (e.g. all the stars, or all the spokes) I # assigned a single text unit code, e.g. "L1", "L2", etc.. # # * I assigned also to the "anonymous" units (paragraph-formatted text) # an explicit "P" code, or "P1", "P2", ... on pages where the # paragraphed text was broken by labels or other kinds of text. # (There are a few exceptions; for instance, on f66r (the three-way # table), I used "R" for the anonymous locus (the right-hand # column). # # * I added various new transcriptions, mainly by John Grove # and myself, plus some items by R. Zandbergen and R. Firth. # # * I merged Takeshi Takahashi's complete transcription with the # interlinear. See seection . # # * I moved all comments relating to a specific text unit to the # beginning of that unit. Sometimes this required splitting, # rearranging, or otherwise editing the comments. # # * I removed all comments of the form "# page NNN" since that # numbering was inconsistent with the binding order. (For one thing, # the last page f116v, which should be even, was numbered 235). # # * I replaced the word "folio" in comments by "panel" or "page", # whenever it meant only one face of a folio (or one part of a # multi-part fold-out). # # * I added many descriptive comments, and merged into the file # several scattered databases (such as Jim Reeds's color usage # tables, Petersen's plant names, etc.) # # * I fixed the line locators <...> of labels so that all # transcriptions of the same label now have the same line locator. # I retained the original locators as {}-comments at the # end of each line. # # * I split multiline labels so that each line of each label # is now entered in a separate line of the file, with a distinct # line locator. (Embedded "-"s should now be used only for intrusions of # a figure or a vellum defect in a single line of the manuscript.) # # * I appended a "=" to the end of each label and isolated text line. # For multiline labels, I used "-" to terminate each line but the # last one. # # * I regularized the transcription of circular text, sometimes # shifting the starting point. I used an "=" terminator where the # starting poing is clearly marked, "-" where it is merely a # larger-than-normal gap, and "." where it is an arbitrarily chosen # word gap. # # * I replaced all page header lines (containing only a page locator # <...> and no Voynich text) by special "#" comments, compatible # with R. Zandbergen's VTX tool. These comments have the form # # ## {$I=i $Q=q $P=p $L=l $H=h $X=x} # # where # # "NNN" is a page f-number (folio, side, and division, e.g f86v3) # "i" is the section code ("T" for text, "H" for herbal, etc.); # "q" is the quire code, a letter in [A-T]; # "p" is a letter in [A-Z] identifying the panel within the quire; # "l" is the "language" in Currier's sense, "A" or "B"; # "h" is the calligraphic "hand", a character in [1-5XY]; # "x" is a miscellaneous attribute (a letter). # # The "$L" and "$H" attributes are omitted when unknown. The "$X" # attribute is present only for page f17r, which is marked "$X=U" # (for the extraneous writing?). # # Be warned that there are some discrepancies between these "$I" # attributes and the section recorded in Stolfi's UNITS file. The # UNITS file is more conservative, and assigns section "?" to some # text-only pages whose "$I"-codes were apparently assigned by # analogy with adjacent pages. Moreover, the UNITS file does # not distinguish between "astro" and "cosmo" pages. # # * I also added "unit header lines", similar to the page headers above, # at the start of each text unit within a page. The format of # these unit headers is # # ## {} # # where is the page locator, and "UU" is the tag identifying # the unit ("locus") within the page. Note that unit headers are # distinguished from page headers by the "." in the locator. The # empty attribute list "{}" was added for uniformity and future # expansion. # # * I replaced purely alphabetic line numbers "a" and "b" by "0a" # and "0b". Now the line number always begins with digit, and the # unit code always begins with a letter. # # * I created dummy files for all the missing pages (as deduced from # the folio numbers in the VMs itself). For that purpose, I assumed # each missing folio had only two panels (recto and verso), and # arbitrarily assigned them "$P"-codes higher than the "non-missing" # panels, and section "$I"-code "M" (for "missing"). # # * I hereby apologize for using so many "I"s in this section. # ## {} # Last edited on 1998-12-12 04:14:45 by stolfi # # SPLITTING LANDINI'S INTERLINEAR INTO TEXT UNITS # J. Stolfi 12 Oct 1997 # # Overview # # To simplify(?) the handling and editing of the interlinear # file, I split each page into what I called "textual units". # # I defined a textual unit as a maximal subset of a page that # is contiguous in "normal" reading order, and has # homogeneous "text type"; which is one of: # # "parags" # # Apparently prose, in multi-line paragraphs. The last line in # each paragraph ends with "=", other lines end with "-". # Paragraph boundaries are guessed from line spacing, # right-margin justification, and presence of

and # gallows. # # "starred-parags" # # Like parags, but with a star-like symbol in front of each # paragraph. # # "itemized-parags" # # Like parags, but with a single Voynich letter or symbol # in front of each paragraph. Here the letters are indicated in # "{}" comments; they are also listed separately as a "letters" unit. # # "circular-lines" # # Text where each line is written around a circle in some # diagram. The lines are terminated by "=", "-", or "." # depending on how well is the starting point marked. # # "radial-lines" # # Text where each line is written along a ray in some diagram. # Each line is terminated by "=". # # "titles" # # Text where each line is a title for a page or figure. # This type includes John Grove's "titles" or "signatures", # non-justified lines found below some paragraphs. # Each title is terminated by "=". # # "itemized-lines" # # The right-hand column of an itemized list ("key-like # sequence"). Here each line of text is an "item" of the list, # and is terminated by "=". # # "labels" # # List of labels attached to parts of figures. # Also the column of words from the table in f66r (page 117). # Here each label is terminated by "=", and multiple # lines of the same label are separated by "-". # # "letters" # # The single-letter labels in itemized lists. Also the column of # single letters in f66r (page 117). Letter sequences written # horizontally are transcribed all on the same line, with "-" # separators. Other sequences are transcribed one letter per # line, with "=" terminators. # # "-" # # This "text type" is used for files or units that contain # no Voynich text, only comments. # # "?" # # This text type is used for units that (presumably) contain # Voynich text of unknown type (e.g. missing pages). # # Unit numbering and file names # # Each unit is stored as a separate file named "fNNN.UU", where # "NNN" is the folio-based page number (folio, side, and division, # e.g. f85r2), and UU is the unit code within the page. # # Descriptive comments that apply to a whole panel are stored in a # separate file named "fNNN" (without location code). General # comments about the VMS were moved to files . # # Note that it was sometimes necessary to split a page with N # distinct text types into *more* than N units, in order to preserve # the "natural" ordering of the text. For example, the transcribed # "pharma" pages have blocks of normal text alternating with rows of # labels; each block of text and each row of labels have therefore # been made into a separate unit. # # Note that any logical page or textual unit that spans multiple panels # gets its page number from its first full-size panel, in "normal" reading # order. So a page that spans panels f101r1 and f101r2 would be numbered # ; whereas one that spans f101v1 and f101v2 would be numbered # . # # Detailed description of files # # A detailed description of the splitting can be found in # the "UNITS" file. Each line of UNITS describes one of the # textual units above; it contains 8 fields separated by ":" # # [1] a 4-digit sequence number, which can be used to sort the # units in their "natural" reading order. # # [2] the file name (fNNN or fNNN.UU). # # [3] the "section", or apparent subject matter: "herbal", "bio", "cosmo", # "pharma", "stars", "?" if unknown, or "-" if the file # contains no text. # # [4] the "language" in Currier's sense ("A", "B", "?" if unknown, "-" if no text). # # [5] the "hand" ("1..5", "X", "Y", "?", or "-") # # [6] the type of text ("parags", "labels", etc.; see list above) # # [7] a sequential page number ("p001".. "p234"), in binding order; # or "-" for files that are place-holders for missing folios. # # [8] other comments # # Any field may be followed by "?" denoting uncertainty. # ## {} # Unfolding "[|]" alternatives # Last edited on 1998-12-19 18:39:27 by stolfi # # NOTES ON THE UNFOLDING OF "[|]" ALTERNATIVES # Jorge Stolfi 05 Nov 1997 # # To simplify processing of the text, I expanded the "[|]" notation # used in Gabriel Landini's interlinear file v1.6. Each line that # included one or more such alternations was replaced by a pair lines, # one using only the first choice of every alternation, the other # using only the second choice out of every alternation. # # For the extra lines resulting from the unfolding of '[|]' constructs, # I used these codes: # # D: second choice from "C" lines # G: second choice from "F" lines # I: second choice from "J" lines # Q: second choice from "K" lines # M: second choice from "L" lines # # Unfortunately I had to remove the "!" and "%" padding characters in # the unfolding process, since they no longer provided the proper # alignment between the unfolded versions and un-unfolded versions. # Fixing this problem would have required processing all versions of # of one line at once, and effectively computing a consensus for it. # ## {} # Last edited on 1998-12-05 11:25:59 by stolfi # # CONVERSION OF INTERLN.EVT TO THE EVA ENCODING # Jorge Stolfi 05 Nov 1997 (Corrected 31 Mar 1998) # # This step was done with "fsg2eva", an AWK # script. The main part of the script follows: # # function fsg_to_eva(txt) # { # # Converts a chunk of comment-free FSG text to EVA # # # We discard "%" and "!" since the conversion # # will destroy synchronism anyway. # gsub(/[% !]/, "", txt); # # # Now convert # gsub(/IIIE/, "iiil", txt); # gsub(/IIIK/, "iiim", txt); # gsub(/IIIL/, "iiin", txt); # gsub(/IIIR/, "iiir", txt); # gsub(/IIE/, "iil", txt); # gsub(/IIK/, "iim", txt); # gsub(/IIL/, "iin", txt); # gsub(/IIR/, "iir", txt); # gsub(/IE/, "il", txt); # gsub(/IK/, "im", txt); # gsub(/IL/, "in", txt); # gsub(/IR/, "ir", txt); # gsub(/HZ/, "cth", txt); # gsub(/PZ/, "cph", txt); # gsub(/DZ/, "ckh", txt); # gsub(/FZ/, "cfh", txt); # gsub(/2/, "s", txt); # gsub(/4/, "q", txt); # gsub(/6/, "g", txt); # gsub(/7/, "j", txt); # gsub(/8/, "d", txt); # gsub(/A/, "a", txt); # gsub(/C/, "e", txt); # gsub(/D/, "k", txt); # gsub(/E/, "l", txt); # gsub(/F/, "f", txt); # gsub(/G/, "y", txt); # gsub(/H/, "t", txt); # gsub(/I/, "i", txt); # gsub(/K/, "m", txt); # gsub(/L/, "n", txt); # gsub(/M/, "iin", txt); # gsub(/N/, "in", txt); # gsub(/O/, "o", txt); # gsub(/P/, "p", txt); # gsub(/R/, "r", txt); # gsub(/S/, "sh", txt); # gsub(/T/, "ch", txt); # gsub(/V/, "v", txt); # gsub(/Y/, "x", txt); # # return txt # } # # This procedure was applied to the Voynich text proper, preserving # the '#' and '{}' comments as well as the location codes. # # I had to edit manually some '{}' comments that contained Voynich # characters in FSG or Currier notation. The units affected by this bug # were # # f100r.P1 f100r.m f100v.M f103r.P f104r.P f49v.P f65v.P # f66r.R f76r.R f89r1.b f89r2.b # # Note: The 05 Nov 1997 version of this script incorrectly mapped "IK" # to "ik" instead of "im". This error affected 79 lines of INTERLN.EVT # representing about 50 distinct words. The error was corrected on 31 # Mar 1998, by manually editing the EVA translation of those lines. # The endings "IIIK", "IIK", and "K" were not affected by this error. # ## {} # Last edited on 1998-12-12 14:22:43 by stolfi # # LINE BREAKING AND OTHER TRANSCRIPTION BUGS IN INTERLN.EVT # by Jorge Stolfi # # The following is a cumulative list of various transcription bugs # that were fixed by hand in the INTERLN.EVT file, after conversion to # the EVA encoding. # # These bug fixes affected mostly line breaking and formatting. # The main exception is a large number of "IIIR"s in some # transcriptions, which should have been "O"s. Presumably they # were caused by a coding table error somewhere. # # Omitted from this list are hundreds of replacements of "." by "-" # where the text was interrupted by figures, and several dozen # replacements of "-" by "=" (or vice-versa). # # The locators given here assume that the "[|]" groups were # unfolded as explained in section . # # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # deleted "." at end of line. # # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # deleted whole line. # added "ODAR." at beginning of line. # # added "AK" at end of line. # deleted "AK." at beginning of line. # # added "OL" at end of line. # deleted "OL." from beginning of line. # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." from beginning of line. # # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # # added "DZG" at end of line. # deleted "DZG." from beginning of line. # # replaced "IIIL" by "O". # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K" at beginning of line. # # # deleted ".G" at end of line. # added "G" at beginning of line. # # added "2" at end of line. # deleted "2." at beginning of line. # # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # # added "IIIL" at end of line. # deleted "IIIL." at beginning of line. # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # # added "R" at end of line. # deleted "R." from beginning of line. # # replaced by "!!!!!!...!!!". # truncated after "TOHZG.2". # new line, same as old . # new line, with the part of old after "TOHZG.2". # # deleted "*." at beginning of line. # # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # # added "A" at end of line. # deleted "A." at beginning of line. # # deleted "G." at beginning of line. # deleted ".OCOR" at end of line. # added "OCOR." at beginning of line. # # added "N" at end of line. # deleted "N." at beginning of line. # # added "R" at end of line. # deleted "R." at beginning of line. # # replaced "IIIL" by "O". # # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # # bogus "=" in middle of line; replaced by ".". # replaced by "!!!!!...!!!!!". # truncated after "HZO.8OE". # added old at beginning of line. # added the truncated part of old at beginning of line. # # replaced "PZ" by "IIIL" (twice). # # replaced "IIIL" by "T". # deleted "-" between words 7 and 8. # deleted extra "-" between words 5 and 6. # deleted "--" between words 5 and 6. # inserted "-" in word 4 between "HZ" and "TG8". # replaced "IIIL" by "T". # # added "IK" at end of line. # deleted "IK." from beginning of line. # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # # added "R" at end of line. # deleted "R." at beginning of line. # # deleted starting from "GDCCO" # created from parts of lines 2 and 4. # deleted up to "EDC8G". # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # # added "F" at end of line. # deleted "F." at beginning of line. # # replaced "IIIL" by "T". # # replaced "IIR" by "O". # # added ".C2" at end of line. # deleted "C2." from beginning of line. # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # replaced ".-" by "-". # replaced ".-" by "-". # # moved "IIR.AKK." to end of line. # "TZH" replaced by "THZ" (from ";C>" version). # # deleted right half after plant. # appended right half of . # deleted right half after plant. # appended right half of . # deleted right half after plant. # appended right half of . # deleted right half after plant. # appended right half of . # deleted right half after plant. # appended right half of . # deleted right half after plant. # appended right half of . # deleted right half after plant. # appended right half of . # deleted right half after plant. # appended right half of . # deleted right half after plant. # appended right half of . # deleted right half after plant. # appended right half of . # deleted right half after plant. # appended . # deleted right half after plant. # appended . # deleted line. # deleted line. # # deleted ".OET8AM" at end of line. # added "OET8AM." at beginning of line. # # replaced "IIIL" by "T". # replaced "IIR" by "K". # # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # # added "IIR" at end of line. # deleted "IIR." at beginning of line. # replaced "IIIL" by "O". # replaced "IIIL" by "O". # # added "N" at end of line. # deleted "N." at beginning of line. # truncated line after "4ODOIIIL.GDCCOE2". # created line with part of . # created line with part of . # renumbered . # # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # replaced "IIR" by "O". # # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # added "P" at end of line. # deleted "P." at beginning of line. # deleted from "8AN.ODZC8G.OHC8G." onwards. # deleted from "8AN.ODZC8G.OHC8G." onwards. # created from right half of . # created from right half of . # # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." from beginning of line. # # added "R" at end of line. # deleted "R." at beginning of line. # # deleted line. # added "4ODCC8G.ODC8G." at beginning of line, from . # replaced "IIIR" by ".". # # replaced "IIIR" by "O" (twice). # # renamed . # truncated line after "SOE.CHG.TARG". # deleted, tail became . # created from tail of line . # created from tail of line . # added "-{plant}8AIK" at end of line. # deleted "8AIK=" at beginning of line. # # added "K" at end of line. # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # replaced "IIIL" by "T". # replaced "IIIL" by "T". # # leading ".", deleted. # replaced "-8.8SC8G" on by "8-". # deleted from "-8.8SC8G" on. # replaced by . # replaced by part of line 8 from "8SC8G" on. # replaced "IIR" by "O". # replaced "IIR" by "O". # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # # replaced by . # added "G" at end of line. # added "G" at end of line. # deleted "G." at beginning of line. # replaced "IIIL" by "O". # replaced "IIIL" by "O". # # added "N" at end of line. # added "N" at end of line. # deleted "N." at beginning of line. # deleted "N." at beginning of line. # replaced "IIIR" by "*". # # added ".K" at end of line. # added ".K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # # added "K" at end of line. # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # # replaced "IIIL" by "O". # # duplicate ".", replaced by single ".". # replaced "-ODCC8T2G....-" by "=". # replaced "-ODCC8T2G....-" by "=". # replaced "-ODCC8T2G....-" by "=". # created from deleted part of # created from deleted part of # created from deleted part of # # replaced "IIIL" by "O". # # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # duplicate ".", replaced by single ".". # leading ".", deleted. # # replaced "IIIL" by "O". # # bogus "=" in middle of line; replaced by ".". # added "G" at end of line. # deleted "G." at beginning of line. # deleted "G." at beginning of line. # replaced "=" by "-" at end of line. # deleted ".GDCC8AE.TDZG.....8ARG=" at end of line. # added "-" at end of line. # deleted ".GDCC8AE.*DZG.....8ARG=" at end of line. # added "-" at end of line. # created line with "!!!!...!!!!". # created line with "GDCC8AE.TDZG.....8ARG=" from . # created line with "GDCC8AE.*DZG.....8ARG=" from . # # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # # added "K" at end of line. # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." from beginning of line. # deleted "K." from beginning of line. # added "K" at end of line. # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." from beginning of line. # deleted "K." from beginning of line. # added ".R" at end of line. # added ".R" at end of line. # deleted "R." from beginning of line. # deleted "R." from beginning of line. # # added "AR.ODAK" at end of line. # replaced "IIIL" by "O". # deleted "AR.ODAK." from beginning of line. # deleted "AR.ODAK." from beginning of line. # # deleted ".OEAM.TCFT8G" from end of line (dupl above). # replaced "IIIL" by "O". # deleted ".2" from end of line. # deleted ".2" from end of line. # added "2" at beginning of line. # added "2" at beginning of line. # replaced "IIK" by "O". # # renamed . # truncated line after "8AM.GDAE8". # deleted; part of it became . # created from second half of . # added "E" at end of line. # created from second half of . # added "E" at end of line. # deleted "E." from beginning of line. # # added "K" at end of line. # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." from beginning of line. # # added "E" at end of line. # added "E" at end of line. # deleted "E." from beginning of line. # deleted "E." from beginning of line. # # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # # added "G" at end of line. # deleted "G." at beginning of line. # # added "AR" at end of line. # deleted "AR." at beginning of line. # # deleted bogus text after "ODAE.OK-". # deleted "G-" at end of line. # added "G" at beginning of line. # # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # # replaced "IIIL" by "O". # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # # added ".OHTG" at end of line. # deleted "OHTG." from beginning of line. # deleted ".OAR" at end of line. # added "OAR." at beginning of line. # truncated after "4ODAE8G", moved to . # created from right 2/3 of . # # bogus FSG "Z", replaced by "*". # # duplicate ".", replaced by single ".". # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # # replaced "IIE" by "H" (twice). # replaced "IR" by "T" (four times). # replaced "IE" by "G" (twice). # # bogus FSG "J", replaced by "*". # # added "ODCCG.RAR.CDZCAR.8ARA7-" at end of line. # added "ODCG.ROR.TDZAR.8ARAK-" at end of line. # deleted "ODCCG.RAR.CDZCAR.8ARA7-" from end of line. # deleted "ODCG.ROR.TDZAR.8ARAK-" from end of line. # # added ".TOE" at end of line, from . # added ".TOE" at end of line, from . # # deleted, merged into # deleted, merged into # # duplicate line number, renumbered . # duplicate line number, renumbered . # deleted ".2SCG" from end of line. # added "2SCG." at beginning of line. # # replaced by join of C.1 thru C.4, with new break at 10:30. # replaced by join of D.1 and C2 thru C.4, with new break at 10:30. # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # deleted line. # deleted line. # deleted line. # # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # # bogus FSG "Z", replaced by "*". # deleted "4ODAE.TOE...TCCG.ODAE-" from end of line. # created line with "{crease}4ODAE.TOE...TCCG.ODAE-". # deleted "4ODAE.SDAE...4ODAE.T8G-" from end of line. # created line "4ODAE.SDAE...4ODAE.T8G-". # deleted "ODAM.THZCG.2.OR.ARG=" frm end of line. # created line with "ODAM.THZCG.2.OR.ARG=". # # added right half of . # replaced right half by right half of . # deleted right half. # # leading ".", deleted. # # added "R" at end of line. # # deleted "R." at beginning of line. # deleted "IR." at beginning of line. # added "O" label. # deleted "O" label. # deleted "R" label. # deleted "M" label. # # added "IR" at end of line. # added "8TC8G.4OETCG.4ODCFG" from line . # deleted "8TC8G.4OETCG.4ODCFG" from beginning of line. # added "R" at end of line. # added ".ETC8G.4OEAN....OHAEAK" at end of line. # deleted "ETC8G.4OEAN....OHAEAK." at beginning of line. # added "M" at end of line. # # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # # deleted ".8AR.AEOFZG" at end of line. # deleted ".8TC8AEG" at end of line. # deleted ".OHARO8E.SG.ORORG" at end of line. # # created line with "8AR.AEOFZG=" from . # created line with "8TC8AEG=" from . # created line with "OHARO8E.SG.ORORG=" from . # # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # replaced "IIIK" by "N". # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # added "2" at end of line. # deleted "2." at beginning of line. # deleted bogus "-" near end of line. # # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # added ".TCCG.TCG.8AM.TC8G.4OE" at end of line. # deleted "TCCG.TCG.8AM.TC8G.4OE." at beginning of line. # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # deleted bogus "-" in "OEOL". # # added "E" at end of line. # deleted "E" at beginning of line. # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # deleted ".G" from linendof line. # added "G" at beginning of line. # added "*" at end of line. # deleted "*." at beginning of line. # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # added "K" at end of line. # deleted ""m."" at beginning of line. # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # # added "2" at end of line. # deleted "2." at beginning of line. # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # deleted whole line. # added "4OE." in front from pev line. # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # # added "R" at end of line. # deleted "R." at beginning of line. # deleted "-" near end of line. # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # added "K" at end of line. # deleted "K." at beginning of line. # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # # added "G" at end of line. # deleted "G." at beginning of line. # # added ".DAR.8AM.ODAR" at end of line. # deleted "DAR.8AM.ODAR." at beginning of line. # # added "!!!...!!!!" after ".TC8G.O" # deleted ".4OR." at end of line. # added "4OR." at beginning of line. # # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # # added "O" at end of line. # deleted "O." at beginning of line. # added "E" at end of line. # deleted "E." at beginning of line. # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # split part to "SC8AE" as line # split part to "T8AEAM" as line # split part to "TC8G" as line # split part to "RAEG.OE" as line # split part to "RAEG.OE" as line # split part to "4OHAR.OE" as line # split part to "4OHAR.OE" as line # split part to "E8AEOR" as line # split part to "E8AEOR" as line # split part to "HZCIE" as line # split part to "HZOE" as line # # deleted "4ODAN.TCCAE" (nothing left on the line). # added "4ODAN.TCCAE." at beginning of line. # deleted ".TC8G.4OE" at end of line. # added "TC8G.4OE" at beginning of line. # added "2" at end of line. # deleted "ODT8G." at beginning of line, moved to . # deleted "2." at beginning of line. # added "2" at end of line. # deleted "2." at beginning of line. # # created with "ODT8G=" from . # # deleted to "OROE.", moved to . # deleted to "OROE.", moved to . # # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # deleted "OHAEG." at beginning of line. # deleted up to first "SC8G.2AM.". # # added "OHAEG=" from . # # added "M" at end of line. # deleted "M." at beginning of line. # deleted "ODAR." at beginning of line. # deleted "G8AIROE." at beginning of line. # deleted "GTDZG." at beginning of line. # deleted "8SC8G." at beginning of line. # deleted "ODT8G." at beginning of line. # deleted "2OETCG." at beginning of line. # deleted "8AIROE8G." at beginning of line. # deleted "8ORTG." at beginning of line. # added "2" at end of line. # deleted "4DZG." at beginning of line. # deleted "OTC8G." at beginning of line. # deleted "2." at beginning of line. # created with "ODAR" from . # created with "G8AIROE" from . # created with "GTDZG" from . # created with "8SC8G" from . # created with "ODT8G" from . # created with "2OETCG" from . # created with "8AIROE8G" from . # created with "8ORTG" from . # created with "4DZG" from . # created with "OTC8G" from . # # split off after "4ODT8G." as separate line. # created from second half of . # # deleted ".8AR.OECCG.OEGG" at end of line. # created new line with "{centered -- "title"?}8AR.OECCG.OEGG=". # # bogus FSG "X", replaced by "*". # # deleted ".OHZAE" at end of line. # added "OHZAE." at beginning of line. # truncated line after "AE.GDAN". # created line from right half of . # truncated line after "TCG.SDZG". # created line from right half of . # deleted ".2AIR" at end of line. # added "2AIR." at beginning of line. # # added "GDAM!!!...!!!!K" at beginning of line # deleted "GDAMK." from beginning of line. # # truncated from "GTCODZG.ODCG" onwards. # created from right half of . # truncated from "8TCO2.SCG" onwards. # created from right half of . # truncated from "HCTOE.4OSTCO8G" onwards. # created from right half of . # # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O" (twice). # # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O" (twice). # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O" (twice). # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # # replaced ".2SCGR.4ODAIR.G8AK.8AEG=" at end of line by "=". # added "2SCGR.4ODAIR.G8AK.8AEG" at end of line. # # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # # created with "ODS8TA2=" from . # created with "ODAL." from . # # deleted "ODS8TA2." at beginning of line. # # deleted "ODAL." from beginning of line. # # replaced "IIIR" by "O" (twice). # # deleted garbled part "OE8A4.6H6E...*C6E.6H6EF*G.HAR". # inserted guessed fix "OE8AM.OHOE....*COE.OHOEF*G.8AR" after "4OHCOE". # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # # deleted "P*G.8AIRG.SCO2." # deleted "{lost synch}" at end of line. # inserted ".4ODOR.ODCOR.OHOE.SCCG.8AE.8AM" from at end of line. # deleted bogus text ".O8OR.SCO2...EHTCO8G.OHAE" at end of line. # inserted "{skipped rest of line}" at end of line. # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # deleted "4ODOR.ODCOR...8AM." at beginning of line, moved to . # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O" (twice). # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # inserted ".O8OR.SCO2.AM...EHTCO8G.OHAE" from at end of line. # deleted "{lost synch}" at end of line. # deleted line, joined to . # deleted blank line. # # truncated from "" onwards. # created from right half of . # truncated from "" onwards. # created from right half of . # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # deleted "4ODAM" at end of line. # added "4ODAM." at beginning of line. # added ".ODCOE.8AE.TG" at end of line. # deleted "ODCOE.8AE.TG." at beginning of line. # added "HZG" at end of line. # deleted "HZG." at beginning of line. # # deleted bogus "-2IIIR" at end of line. # deleted bogus "-2IIIR" at end of line. # deleted, bogus copy of . # deleted, bogus copy of . # # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # truncated from "8AM.4ODOR." onwards. # created from right half of . # truncated from "8AM.4ODOR." onwards. # created from right half of . # # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # # deelted "-TO8AN" at end of line. # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # # truncated from "CDAM.ODAR.OR." onwards. # created from right half of . # # truncated from "OE.OEAE.ODCOE" onwards. # created with "!!!...!!!!". # created with "!!!...!!!!". # created with "!!!...!!!!". # created with "!!!...!!!!". # deleted "GTOE.OEDCCOE8G-" at end of line. # created from "GTOE.OEDCCOE8G" of line . # # deleted, mislabeled copy of . # deleted, mislabeled copy of . # added, was . # deleted, moved to . # added, was . # added, was . # deleted, moved to . # added, was . # added, was . # # deleted, moved to . # added, was . # added, was . # deleted, mislabeled copy of . # added, was . # deleted, moved to . # added, was . # added, was . # deleted, mislabeled copy of . # added, was . # deleted, moved to . # added, was . # added, was . # # deleted, moved to . # added, was . # deleted, moved to . # added, was . # deleted, moved to . # added, was . # deleted, moved to . # added, was . # deleted, moved to . # deleted, moved to . # deleted, moved to . # deleted, moved to . # deleted, moved to . # deleted, moved to . # deleted, moved to . # deleted, moved to . # deleted, moved to . # # # deleted "OE-" at end of line. # added "!!...!!!.ORAR...O8AMG-" at end of line, from . # created missing line with "!!...!!!!". # added "OE...ODO8G.8AR" at end of line, from . # added "HZG.8AM.T*8O.8G8G" at end of line, from . # added "COE.....2O8AM.8G" at end of line, from . # added ".4ODCOE.....8G.8AR" at end of line, from . # deleted "8A*" at end of line. # added "8AM.TCCO8G.....TCC8G" at end of line, from . # added ".ODCCG.DZCO.....OETOR" at end of line, from . # added ".TCCG.HCG.....ARG" at end of line, from . # deleted "S*" at end of line. # added "TCCCO.***.!!!!!!!!!.TCOE...TCO8AK" at end of line, from . # # deleted "O" at end of line. # added "*4OR.TCOE....4DAR" at end of line, from . # # deleted line, joined to . # deleted line, joined to . # deleted line, joined to . # deleted line, joined to . # deleted line, joined to . # deleted line, joined to . # deleted line, joined to . # deleted line, joined to . # deleted line, joined to . # # deleted line, joined to . # # deleted ".HOM.OE.8AM-" at end of line. # added "=" at end of line. # added "HOM.OE.8AM." at beginning of line. # # leading ".", deleted. # leading ".", deleted. # leading ".", deleted. # leading ".", deleted. # deleted comment "{'yt----rkar,otai' where?}". # added ".RDAR,OHAI" at end of line, from comment. # deleted ".4OHC8G" from end of line. # added "4OHC8G." at beginning of line. # deleted duplicate text ".4ODG.4OHC8G.4ODCCG.SOE.4OHCG.S". # created line from duplicate text removed from . # # added ".OEPTCG.4ODG.....4OHCAR.SC8G.8AE" at end of line. # added "EDCC2.OE.4OHCC8G.ODCC8G" at end of line. # added "4ODS8G.4ODAM.ODCT8G.4OPT8G.4OHC8G.4ODAM.OEG" at end of line. # added "TCOE.4OCCOR.ESOR.4ODG.SC8G.4ODAM.TC8G.4ODA" at end of line. # deleted ".8AM" at end of line. # addded "8AM." at beginning of line. # # leading ".", deleted. # added "8TO8CC2.SCOR.....4O8AM.ODAR" at beginning of line. # added "OESCC8G.EDCC8G.....O8AR.4ODAE" at beginning of line. # replaced ".E.2AM.OHAM....OHAM.OHAM=" by "-" at end of line. # created with ".E.2AM.....OHAM=" from line . # # leading ".", deleted. # # added ".R" at end of line. # deleted "R." at beginning of line. # # deleted (empty) line. # deleted line "2AM.TAE....TAR.AMG-". # # deleted ".GTCOE.DAM" at end of line. # added "GTCOE.DAM." at beginning of line. # # duplicate ".", replaced by single ".". # # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O" (twice). # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIRFN" by ".OE". # # replaced "IIIR" by "II". # replaced "IIIR" by "**". # replaced "IIIRIIIR" by "**". # replaced "IIIR" by "IK". # replaced "EIIIR" by "**". # replaced "IIIRIIIR" by "IK". # replaced "IIIR" by "O". # replaced "IIIRIIIR" by "TR". # deleted "8AE" at end of line. # inserted "!!!...!!8AE." at beginning of line. # replaced "IIIR" by "*". # # added ".OHARAG.SAM.4ODC8G" at end of line. # added ".OHARAG.SAN.4ODC8G" at end of line. # deleted "OHARAG.SAM.4ODC8G." from beginning of line. # added ".AK" at end of line. # deleted "OHARAG.SAN.4ODC8G." from beginning of line. # added ".AK" at end of line. # deleted "AK." at beginning of line. # deleted ".AK." at beginning of line. # deleted ".*EHAR.AIK" at end of line. # deleted ".C.OHAR.AIK" at end of line. # added "*EHAR.AIK." at beginning of line. # added "C.OHAR.AIK." at beginning of line. # # deleted ".4OECCTC8G" at end of line. # added "4OECCTC8G." at beginning of line. # # replaced "2OROE2.TCO2....PTAR-" by "=". # created from right half of . # # deleted ".2AGDCC8G.....TCG.4OE.ODAK" at end of line. # created with "2AGDCC8G.....TCG.4OE.ODAK-" from . # # bogus FSG "Z", replaced by "*". ## {} # Last edited on 1998-12-26 11:04:13 by stolfi # # GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN PAGE DESCRIPTIONS # By Jorge Stolfi 05 Dec 1998 # # /crease/ # An *accidental* crease in the vellum (cf. /fold/). # # /fold/ # An *intentional* fold in the vellum, namely between # panels of a fold-out. # # /gutter/ # The fold where a /bifolio/ is sewed to the book. # # /quire/ # A stack of /bifolios/ that was folded and bound as a unit. The # quires of the book are identified with letters `A' to to `T', # front to back, which may be written `qA' thru `qT' for clarity. # Rene Zandbergen has a detailed description of all quires and # bifolios. # # /bifolio/ # A connected piece of vellum, usually consisting of two /folios/ # joined across the /gutter/. The notation bQK will be used to # denote the Kth bifolio of quire Q, counting from 1 (the outermost # one). # # /folio/ # A piece of vellum defined on one side by the gutter and three free # edges. In the big fold-out, the two folios (85 and 86) are # separated by the gutter and the vertical fold that is collinear # with it. # # /f-number/ # The standard folio number, usually written fNN where NN is the # original number written in the manuscript, usually at the top of # the /recto/ side. # # /side/ # One of the two surfaces of a /folio/ or /bifolio/. The sides of folio # fNN are denoted fNNr and fNNv, for /recto/ and /verso/, respectively. # # /recto/ # The /side/ of a /folio/ that you see when the /gutter/ is on the # left, the book is in its normal orientation, and the folio is # completely unfolded. # # /verso/ # The /side/ of a /folio/ opposite to the /recto/ side, i.e. the one # that you see when the /gutter/ is at right. # # /free edge/ # A straight section of the physical boundary of a /bifolio/. # # /edge/ # Either a /free edge/ or a /fold/. # # /panel/ # A rectangular partition of one side of a /folio/, delimited by # four /edges/. Thus a simple folio has two panels, recto and verso, # denoted by fNNr and fNNv where fNN is the folio number. In # fold-outs, panels are numbered fNNrK or fNNvK, starting from the # innermost panel (adjacent to to the gutter, K=1) and increasing # outwards (towards the vertical free edge of the folio). Jim Reeds # has a very detailed description of how the complex folios are # folded, including panel numbers. # # /page/ # One or more adjacent panels that are to be read as a unit, e.g. # because the contents is laid out without regards for the # separating edges. A page is identified by the number of its # innermost panel (the one that is closest to the gutter). # # /contents/ # Of a page, the text and drawings in it. # # /margin/ # Each of the four imaginary straight lines (top, bottom, left, # right; or North, South, West, East) that seem to bound the normal # text in a page. They usually lie a couple of centimeters inwards # relative to the panel's edges. Note that drawings and labels may # extend beyond the margins. # # /word/ # A sequence of characters (Voynichese by default) not broken by # /word spaces/ or graphical material. # # /word space/ # A space between two character that is noticebly wider than the # average spacing. # # /text line/ # A linear arrangement of characters, mostly straight or circular, # with their `up' directions perpendicular to the overall line # direction, and that (presumably) must be read consecutively. Note # that a text line may be /interrupted/ by graphical elements, # folds, vellum defects, etc. # # /text ring/ # A circular text line that covers almost one full circle. # # /text block/ # A set of two or more consecutive lines of text, stacked # perpendicularly to the reading direction not more than a couple of # character heights apart, and which presumably are to be read in # sequence. Note that a text block may consist of concentric # circular lines, and may comprise one or more /paragraphs/. # # /text edge/ # The two imaginary lines, not necessarily straight, that connect # the left end right endpoints of successive lines in a text block. # # /paragraph/ # A text block where the spacing between /text lines/ is uniform and # close to the minimum, and which presumably is a single sequence of # words arbitrarily broken into lines to fit the available space. # Typically, at least one of the text edges is straight or follows # the outline of an adjacent figure. The number of lines of a # paragraph is usually given as M.N, where M is the number of whole # lines, and N/10 is the width of the last line, relative to the # total width available for it (not counting any space taken up by # figures, folds, creases). # # /left justified/ # (Of a text block) whose left text edge is straight and vertical. # # /right justified/ # (Of a text block) whose right text edge is straight and vertical, # except possibly for the last lines of paragraphs. # # /label/ # A short text line, containing only a couple of words, that is # placed next to a figure or in a cell of a diagram. # # /title/ # A text line that is placed next to a figure or in a cell of a # diagram, and is longer than a couple of words; or is placed above # or below a paragraph, but cannot be assumed to be part of it. # # /star/ # A star-shaped figure with straight sharp-pointed rays, possibly # with interior detail. # # /tail/ # (Of a star) a single curved line attached to the star's outline. # # /notched square/ # A design often found in circular bands around diagrams. It # consists of a squarish sector of the band, containg four small # "u"s, each connected to one side by both arms. The radial sides of # the square are often doubled or tripled. Sometimes there are also # dots in the center and/or near the four corners. This design seems # to be used as a decoration in some diagrams (e.g. on f67v1, the # "happy sun" page) and as a start-of-text marker in others (e.g # f71r, the "Aries light" page.) # # /nymph/ # A human figure of female or indeterminate sex, with full or # partial body which may have merely a decorative or exemplary # purpose. E.g. the figures in the biological section, or around the # zodiac diagrams; but not the figures in the zodiac signs # themselves, or the sun/moon faces. # # /breasts/ # Visible female breasts, bare or clothed. # # /mechanically drawn/ # The opposite of freehand. Said of straight lines that seem to have # been traced with ruler. Also said of circles that seem to have # been drawn with compass, or by tracing some round object. # (Jim Reeds, reporting on his Beinecke visit [13 Jul 94], says that # "there were no pricks or pounce marks, no rulings except # on the circular diagrams.") # # /scales/ # A common decoration motif consisting of close-packed scales with # rounded edge. When the fore edge of the scale-packed region is # visible, each scale is usually seen to have a tongue-like shape, # with parallel sides narrowing slightly towards the basal edge, # which is attached to the substrate. # # This motif could represent closely-packed leaves, feathers, roof # tiles, flaps of fabric, etc. On one diagrams, some nymphs are # buried waist-deep in a field of scales, so it could be clouds, # grass, bushes, or a planted field. Another compelling # interpretation in some contexts is a layer of closely-packed seeds # or florets, as in corn, pomegranate, sunflower, etc. {$I=T $Q=A $P=A $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-30 13:32:59 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "First page" # Page: f1r = AA (Rene) = p001 (Stolfi) # Folio: f1 # Panels: f1r # Bifolio: bA1 = f1+f8 # Quire: A (Rene) = I (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: T (Rene), unk (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (text only). # Colors: red (Reeds) # # Description: # # The page contains four paragraphs (with 4.6, 2.4, 9.5, 5.5 lines, # respectively), each followed by a short right-justified title. # # Paragraphs 2 and 3 begin with big "weirdo" doodles, very unlike # normal Voynichese letters. The first (EVA &252) looks like a # capital K lying on it side, with the vertical bar at the bottom. # The second (EVA &253) looks like the first, with an extra # squiggly line rising from between the two "horns". The two symbols # are drawn or painted with flaring strokes ending in swallowtail # serifs. # # A 1-inch band along the right margin is heavily stained. There # seem to be two or three columns of letters ("key like sequences") # in that band, which are barely visible in the reproductions. # # There is a faint unreadable text at the top of the page, # apparently in cursive handwriting. # # Comments: # # The page layout suggests four quotes with attributions, or signed # endorsements. # # The faint scribbling at the top must be the signature # of Jacobus de Tepenecz, as asserted in many references. # # Jim Reeds writes [15 Jul 94]: "The erased key on f1r is discussed # by Brumbaugh. It seems to have 3 vertical columns of letters. The # leftmost is the ordinary alphabet, lower case italic hand, a # through z. I could not check for the presence of every letter (I'm # not sure about j, for instance) but a, b, c, ... o, p, q, r, s, # ... y, z are pretty clear. Next to those are very spotty frags of # Voynich letters. I could make out <8> next to a, next to c, # <6> next to y, and one of the gallows letters somewhere near the # q, r, s range. [...] The 3d column seems to be 1 off from the # first: italic miniscules, r next to s, and so on. More is visible # in UV shots than Petersen shows." # # Brumbaugh reportedly claims that there was a date in the upper # right corner of f1r before it was obliterated by the application # of chemicals (intended to reveal faded writing). # # D'Imperio says that the "weirdo" characters EVA &252/&253 are in # bright red ink; confirmed by Glen Claston [20 Feb 1998] and Jim # Reeds [03 Mar 1998]. # # Rene [28 Jul 1997] found a medieval astrological diagram [1], in # Greek, where EVA &252 is used as a symbol for Aries, which is # "kruos" or "kryos" in Greek. # # Stolfi suggested [07 Aug 1998] that the symbols may be # abbreviations for "Koenig" and "KoenigiN" --- i.e. "K" and # "K"-with-squiggle. (How desperate can you get?) # # References: # # [1] Codex Taurinensis C VII 15 (author anonymous, no date avaliable). # http://www.ficom.net/members/ditch/secret.htm # # [2] John Grove # http://members.tripod.com/~VoynichMs/Prefix.htm # {$I=H $Q=A $P=B $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:11:09 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Petersen's belladonna" # Page: f1v = AB (Rene) = p002 (Stolfi) # Folio: f1 # Panels: f1v # Bifolio: bA1 = f1+f8 # Quire: A (Rene) = I (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Petersen's plant 1 # Colors: green,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 1 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant centered on page. # # Root: a knobby, warped, pancanke-like tuber with # short roots attached like claws or fangs # all around the rim. Light color. # Stem: thick, well drawn. Light color. # Branches: one straight up, two oblique with drooping tips. # Leaves: broad lance-shape, with two short tails. # Stalk: short. # Flowers: one, growing at the tip of the center branch. # Stalk: very short. Chalyx: # conical, continuous with petals. Petals: short rounded, # light-colored. Core: hemispherical, dark-colored # (could be a berry; see below). # # Two paragraphs (with 3.8 and 5.8 lines), just below mid-page, # left- and right-justified, interrupted by the plant's main stem. # # Comments: # # Part of this drawing (root and leaves only) is repeated on # Pharma page f102r1[3,2]. # # The plant looks basically normal, except for the very peculiar # root. # # Petersen identifies the plant as "Solanum Solatrium, Belladonna" # specifically the "flower". He says: "see L.Fuchs p.398". There is # no "Solanum solatrium"; rather, "solatrium" is an ancient # (Dioscoridean) name for some or all of these species: # # Atropa Belladona (deadly nightshade) # http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/library/kohler/1763_010.jpg # http://130.60.70.1/GIFTDB/pict_02.htm # # Hyoscyamus niger (henbane) # http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/library/kohler/1763_011.jpg # http://www.lysator.liu.se/runeberg/nordflor/110.html # # Solanum nigrum (black nightshade) # http://axp.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/WEEDS/black_nightshade.html # # Solanum dulcamara (bittersweet) # http://cal.vet.upenn.edu/poison/ppstsleurop.htm # http://www.lysator.liu.se/runeberg/nordflor/109.html # # and perhaps other somewhat less likely species such as Withania # somnifera and Physalis alkekengi. # # The leaves of f1v seem most compatible those of Atropa belladonna # (shape) and Hyoscyamus niger (attachment to stem), and the "flower" # at the top of f1v does resemble the sheathed, shiny black fruits of # these two species. # # However, A.beladonna's root has been described as a roundish rhizome # with a long (up to 1m) tapering root, which does not seem to match # the highly distinctive "pancake with claws" of f1v. I have found no # image or description of the other plants' roots. # # A very similar root, with quite different leaves, can be seen on # another Italian herbal: # University of Vermont Library MS 2, fol. 39 (ca. 1500) # http://www.library.ucla.edu/libraries/biomed/his/immi/vm9437.htm # The medieval text calls that plant "Gran[i]a maggiore". # The modern commentary tentatively identifies it with # Ecballium elaterium (Squirting Cucumber), # http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/mi10/mi10043.jpg # However the leaves do not match, and the flower barely so. # I have found no image or description of E.elaterium's roots. # # All four plants are poisonous in varying degrees. The active # principles can be absorbed by smoking or through the skin as well as # by ingestion. They were used as potent psychoactive drugs, causing # paralysis of involuntary muscles, dizziness, sleep, hallucinations, # violent behavior, etc., and have been often associated with # witchcraft. # {$I=H $Q=A $P=C $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 00:46:36 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Petersen's cornflower" # Page: f2r = AC (Rene) = p003 (Stolfi) # Folio: f2 # Panels: f2r # Bifolio: bA2 = f2+f7 # Quire: A (Rene) = I (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Plant: 2 (Petersen) # Colors: green,red (Reeds) # Plant: 2 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant centered on page. # # Root: left-right symmetrical, planar, looking sort of like # headless stick man with outstretched arms and gripping hands. # Overpainted with dark color. # Stem: short and thin. # Branches: two main ones, almost upright, slightly bent. # Irregular thickness, awkward shape (cf. top right leaf). # Light-clored with a dark vein grossly painted along the middle. # Leaves: Dark overpaint, shaped like a triangular fan with five # lanceolated fingers. Stalk: medium length, looks like a branch. # Flowers: three, on tip of main branch. # Stalk: longish, looks like a branch. Chalyx: an oblong oval # sweelling at end of stalk, partial dark overpaint. Petals: many, # narrow and long; the flower looks like a shaving brush. Core: # hidden by petals. # # Two paragraphs (with 6.4 and 5.4 lines), left- and rightjustified: # one at the top, slightly narrower, interrupted by three flowers; # and one near the bottom, interrupted by two branches. # # Comments: # # The root looks rather strange, the stems and leaves are # somewhat awkward, but the flowers look normal. # # Petersen tentative identification is "cyanus segetum, cornflower # (caeruleus) (cf 153)". That must be # # Centaurea_cyanus (cornflower,fiodaliso;bluet,kornblume) # http://www.lysator.liu.se/runeberg/nordflor/7.html # # The flower shape and branching pattern seem to match fairly well. # However, those features are not very specific. [What about color?] # Also, the leaves of Centaurea cyanus are long and thin, with # smooth edges or a few very shallow teeth, attached directly to the # stem; quite unlike those of f2r. # # Infusions of Centaurea cyanus were once used as a febrifugue # (whole plant) and eye wash (flowers only). # {$I=H $Q=A $P=D $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 00:49:47 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Water lily" # Page: f2v = AD (Rene) = p004 (Stolfi) # Folio: f2 # Panels: f2v # Bifolio: bA2 = f2+f7 # Quire: A (Rene) = I (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Plant: 3 (Petersen) # Colors: green (Reeds) # # Description: # # One plant centered on page. # # Root: long straight rhizome, covered with scales or round stalk scars. # Stem: single, vertical, slightly bent, shooting out from middle # of rhizome; dark painted. # Branches: there is the stub of a lost branch at mid-stalk. # Leaves: a single large leaf, horizontal, shaped like a very fat C, # with smooth rim. Painted solid dark. # Stalk: short. # Flowers: one white flower, pointing almost straight up. # Stalk: long, light colored, with a darker vein; part of it # obscured by leaf which should be behind it. Chalyx: well-drawn, # with thick tongue-shaped sepals, light colored. Petals: # well-drawn, flaring, lily shaped, serrated edges, white # underpaint. Core: not visible. Stamen: long, with a few short # hairs. # # Two paragraphs (with lines, respectively), left- and # right-justified: one at the top, interrupted by the single flower, # and one just below mid-page, interrupted by the main stem. # # Comments: # # The plant looks quite natural and well-drawn. # # Presumably, the flower stem was in front of the leaf in the # original drawing; but the dark overpaint covered it. The original # outline of the leaf may have been obscured, too. # # The leaf shape suggests it is a water plant. With that assumption, # the choices are quite few. Rene suggested # # Nymphaea candida (a.k.a. Nymphaea alba; water lily, seerose) # http://www.lysator.liu.se/runeberg/nordflor/pics/181.jpg # # {$I=H $Q=A $P=E $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 00:51:40 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f3r = AE (Rene) = p005 (Stolfi) # Folio: f3 # Panels: f3r # Bifolio: bA3 = f3+f6 # Quire: A (Rene) = I (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,red (Reeds) # # Description: # # One plant, flush against the right margin. # # Roots: a bunch of unbranched tentacle-like roots radiating from # the stem's base. Light colored, partial dark overpaint. # Stem: rather thick, bent. Light colored, dark overpainted stripe (shadow) along # its left side. # Branches: none. # Leaves: lance-shaped with an S bend, very dense, # growing straight off the stem on both sides, each partially covering # the previous one. Stem ends with one unpaired leaf. Light colored, # with a dark-painted shadow on the bottom of each leaf, and # a dotted line just inside the leaf's rim. # Flowers: none. # # Four paragraphs (with 9.5, 3.5, 2.7, and 2.8 lines): a longer one # at the top, and three short ones just below mid-page. The first # two are left-justified and follow the plant's outline on the # right. The last two are left- and right-justified, and interrupted # by the main stem. # # Comments: # # The plant looks strange because of the dense leaves Perhaps they # are actually the sheaths of leafstalks, badly drawn? Perhaps the # dots along the leaf rim are short spines? # {$I=H $Q=A $P=F $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 00:54:41 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f3v = AF (Rene) = p006 (Stolfi) # Folio: f3 # Panels: f3v # Bifolio: bA3 = f3+f6 # Quire: A (Rene) = I (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: b,green,red (Reeds) # # Description: # # One plant, flush against the bottom and right margins of the page. # # Root: single long root, consisting of six "telescoping" conical # segments, dark painted, with flat light-painted top. Tip of root # is bent into a hook and ends with a small round knob. # Stem: long, straight, vertical, with a dark "shadow" stripe # crudely painted along its length. # Branches: none. # Leaves: paired, disk shaped with two "tails", two "arms", and a # swallowtail-shaped "head", with long outward-curved tips. # Stalks: medium length, thin. # Flowers: two, very unequal size, growing out of the tip of the stem. # Stalks: short, thin, like leaf stalks. Calyx: heavy, swollen, # shaped like a sweet potato cut in half, dark painted. Petals: # single row, light, semicircular, very small. Core: flat, # light-colored, filled with dots; looks like a pepper shaker. # # Two paragraphs (with 6.0 and 7.5 lines), both in the top half of # the page. The text is left-justified and follows the plant outline # on the right. # # Comments: # # The plant looks quite strange. The telescoping root is hard to # explain. The leaf shape is unusual but not impossible. The bloated # flower chalices are very strange; they may have been drawn from # pressed and dried specimens. # {$I=H $Q=A $P=G $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 00:56:39 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f4r = AG (Rene) = p007 (Stolfi) # Folio: f4 # Panels: f4r # Bifolio: bA4 = f4+f5 # Quire: A (Rene) = I (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,red (Reeds) # Plant: 6 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant, mostly in the right half of the page. # # Two paragraphs (with 3.8 and 8.6 lines), both above mid-page. The # first is left- and right-justified, and interrupted once by the # flowers; the second is left-justified and follows the plant's # outline on the right. # # Comments: # # Plant appearance: very normal, exceptionally well-drawn. The layout # of leaves and flowers is very naturalistic. The "dark painter" # apparently spared it. # {$I=H $Q=A $P=H $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:18:05 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f4v = AH (Rene) = p008 (Stolfi) # Folio: f4 # Panels: f4v # Bifolio: bA4 = f4+f5 # Quire: A (Rene) = I (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: brown,green,blue (Reeds) # # Description: # # One plant, mostly in the right half of the page. # # Two paragraphs, both above mid-page. The first is left- and # right-justified; the second is left-justified, and follows the # plant's profile on the right. # # Comments: # # Plant appearance: very, very odd, badly drawn. It seems to have # two types of leaves. The lower ones are too small, badly spaced # and badly proportioned, and in unnatural positions. The upper ones # look like pompons. The root has a strange, ungainly shape (but # that may be the work of the Dark Painter). The stems have uneven # and unnatural thickness. # # This drawing is almost certainly an expanded version of plant # f101r1[1,5]. Stolfi suggested that the person who drew this page # thought that the star-shaped things in f101r1[1,5] were flowers, # so he supplied fantasy leaves; and he only noticed the mistake # halfway through the plant. # {$I=H $Q=A $P=I $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 01:07:10 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f5r = AI (Rene) = p009 (Stolfi) # Folio: f5 # Panels: f5r # Bifolio: bA4 = f4+f5 # Quire: A (Rene) = I (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,b (Reeds) # Plant: 8 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant, horizontally centered, reaching only 3/4 up the page. # # Root: five unbranched roots, mostly horizontal. Each root looks # like an earthworm, light-colored with a few dark dots, with a # short and fat swelling about 4/5 of the way to the tip. # Stalk: straight, vertical, slightly tapered, uncolored(?). # Leaves: a single ring of large, lance shaped leaves, closely spaced, # attached mid-stem with no stalks. The leaves curl down in a semicircle, # like an umbrella, until they almost touch the stem again; their thin # tips curl further into hooks. Dark overpaint. # Flowers: one, at tip of stem, pointing up. # Stalk: medium, thin, uncolored(?); extension of stem. Chalix: # thimble-shaped, partial dark overpaint. Petals: long, hair like, # drooping. Core: hemispherical, like a bubble. # # Two paragraphs (with 3.6 and 2.5 lines), both above the plant, # left- and right-justified. # # Comments: # # The plant looks very strange but not impossible. The oddest # details are the position of the tubers, the shape and disposition of # the leaves, their curled tips, the "shaggy dog" flower. # {$I=H $Q=A $P=J $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:18:21 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Tennis racket plant" # Page: f5v = AJ (Rene) = p010 (Stolfi) # Folio: f5 # Panels: f5v # Bifolio: bA4 = f4+f5 # Quire: A (Rene) = I (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,green,b (Reeds) # Plant: 9 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One branching plant that takes up the lower 3/4 of the page. # # Root: two dark-painted potato-shaped tubers next to the stem, # with a few medium-length "mousetail" roots shooting from them. # Stem: straight and vertical, light under(?)color, with a fantastic # loop at the top. The stem's base is wrapped with a short uncolored # sheath. # Branches: several, diagonal, mostly straight. # Leaves: four lobes with serrated edges, naturalistically curved. # each lobe has a central vein. Stalks: medium-short, thin, look like # branches. Light coulored, many of them with crudely overpainted # dark splotches. # Flowers: several, medium-small, mostly upright, some drooping. # Stalk: short, sometimes bent by weight. Chalyx: rounded, light # colored, like a rose's but on the fat side. Sepals: short and # pointed, light colored. Petals: half a dozen, small, # tongue-shaped, spread out; dark overpaint almost but not # quite fills their outline. # # One paragraph (5.5 lines) above the plant, left- and # right-justified. # # Comments: # # The plant looks fairly normal, except for the fantastic # loop in the stalk. Leaves and flowers are very naturalistic, # but some are spoiled by the crude dark overpaint. # {$I=H $Q=A $P=K $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 01:11:32 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f6r = AK (Rene) = p011 (Stolfi) # Folio: f6 # Panels: f6r # Bifolio: bA5 = f3+f6 # Quire: A (Rene) = I (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,green,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 10 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant, that takes up most of the right and bottom halves of # the page. # # One long paragraph (14 lines) at the top, left justified. The # first three lines are right-justified, the rest follows the # plant's profiel on the right. The first six lines are interrupted # by a flower or pod. # # Comments: # # It is not clear whether pods or flowers are # represented here. # {$I=H $Q=A $P=L $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 01:12:53 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f6v = AL (Rene) = p012 (Stolfi) # Folio: f6 # Panels: f6v # Bifolio: bA5 = f3+f6 # Quire: A (Rene) = I (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,b (Reeds) # Plant: 11 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant, that takes up most of the right half of the page. # # Two paragraphs (4.8 and 15.8 lines) at the top, left-justified, # ending at mid-page. The first is right-justified too, and two of # its lines are interrupted by a flower. The second follows the # plant's outline on the right. # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=A $P=M $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 01:15:01 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f7r = AM (Rene) = p013 (Stolfi) # Folio: f7 # Panels: f7r # Bifolio: bA2 = f2+f7 # Quire: A (Rene) = I (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Petersen's plant 12 # Colors: green,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 12 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant with no leaves and a single huge flower, spanning the # entire height and width of the page. # # Root: a short, vertical, cylindrical stem that splits # into two almost horizontal mousetails. # Stem: straight, vertical. # Branches: none. # Leaves: none. # Flowers: a single flower at the tip of the stem. # Stalk: not visible, or indistinguishable from stem. # Chalyx: eight symmetrical sepals, shaped like long parabolas. # Corolla: four layers, of decreasing sizes, each having four # symmetric petals, located diagonally with respect to # the previous layer. Core: none. # # Two paragraphs (with 4.3 lines and 4.5 lines), both left- and # right-justified: one at the top, interrupted by the flower; one # just below mid-page, interrupted by the main stem. # # Comments: # # Petersen has identified this plant with high confidence # as # # Nymphaea alba (white water lily, seerose) # http://www.lysator.liu.se/runeberg/nordflor/181.html # http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/di/nymphaea/nymph/nympcan2.jpg # # There is indeed a good match in the shape and arrangement of the # petals and sepals. Also, the lack of leaves and branches in f7v is # plausibly explained by the fact that Nymphaea's flowers float on # the water's surface, and thus may have been hidden from the # artist's view. # # But if f7v is Nymphaea alba, then what do we make of f2v? # {$I=H $Q=A $P=N $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 01:17:29 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f7v = AN (Rene) = p014 (Stolfi) # Folio: f7 # Panels: f7v # Bifolio: bA2 = f2+f7 # Quire: A (Rene) = I (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,green (Reeds) # Plant: 13 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant, spanning from the bottom edge to 3/4 of the way to the # top. # # Two paragraphs (with 4.5 and 3.9 lines) at the top, left- and # right-justified. The last three lines of the second paragraph are # interrupted by the plant's flowers. # {$I=H $Q=A $P=O $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 01:25:22 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "The Bat-Plant" # Page: f8r = AO (Rene) = p015 (Stolfi) # Folio: f8 # Panels: f8r # Bifolio: bA1 = f1+f8 # Quire: A (Rene) = I (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green (Reeds) # Plant: 14 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant with a single, big, odd-shaped leaf and a "collar" # around its stem, horizontally centered and spanning the page # vertically from edge to edge. # # Three paragraphs (with 6.5, 3.6, 6.6 lines), left- and # right-justified and interrupted by the plant's stem, fill up the # bottom 3/4 of the page. Each paragraph is followed by a # right-justified two-word title. # # Comments: # # The plant is very strange, bot for the leaf shape and for the # "collar" around the stem. Perhaps it is a mushroom (e.g. Amanita), # which the artist mistook for a plant and tried to draw as such? # # The text format too is quite unusual, both in its length and in # the presence of titles. # {$I=H $Q=A $P=P $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 01:23:04 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f8v = AP (Rene) = p016 (Stolfi) # Folio: f8 # Panels: f8v # Bifolio: bA1 = f1+f8 # Quire: A (Rene) = I (Beinecke) # # Quire A, last page # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,green,b (Reeds) # Plant: 15 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant, spanning top to bottom, slightly offset to the left. # # Two paragraphs (with 10.1 and 5.3 lines), left- and # right-justified: one next to the top margin, one next to the # bottom margin, both interrupted by the plant. # # There is a mark in the SE corner, resembling "^pm9" ("^" over the "p"), # with thick strokes. # # Comments: # # The mark in the SE corner is almost surely the quire number, # "1st" in abbreviated Latin. # {$I=H $Q=B $P=A $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 01:29:46 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f9r = BA (Rene) = p017 (Stolfi) # Folio: f9 # Panels: f9r # Bifolio: bB1 = f9+f16 # Quire: B (Rene) = II (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,green (Reeds) # Plant: 16 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant flush against the right margin, spanning the page # vertically edge to edge, with branches and roots that take up the # bottom 2/3 of the page. # # Two paragraphs (with 5 and 3.9 lines), left- and right-justified. # Both are interrupted by the plant's flower head. # # The second paragraph is followed by a centered title-like line # which may be the true last line of the paragraph. # # Comments: # # The unusual shape of the leaves should make the plant easy to identify. # # {$I=H $Q=B $P=B $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 22:43:16 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Viola tricolor" # Page: f9v = BB (Rene) = p018 (Stolfi) # Folio: f9 # Panels: f9v # Bifolio: bB1 = f9+f16 # Quire: B (Rene) = II (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Plant: 17 (Petersen; misnumbered 15 on his page 1) # Colors: blue,green (Reeds) # Plant: 17 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant, flush against the right and bottom edges, reaching # almost to the top. # # Root: a bundle of thin wires. Dark overpaint? # Stem: one straight. Light color. # Branches: two symmetrical pairs, oblique. # Leaves: the four lower ones are medium width, lance-shaped, # with smooth edges; the others have the same outline but # are deeply cut into five narrow points. Dark color. # Stalk: short, mostly missing. # Flowers: five, at the tips of stem and branches. # Stalk: medium length, thin. Chalyx: flat or everted, with short # triangular sepals, partly hidden by corolla. Petals: five rounded # petals, a large one on top, the others like "arms and legs". Core: # very small. Medium and dark colors. # # Two paragraphs (with 3.7 and 7.7 lines) at the top, # left-justified. The first one is right-justified; the second one # follows the plant's profile on the right. Both are interrupted in # several places by the flowers and leaves. # # Comments: # # Petersen identifies this plant, with high confidence, as "Viola # trinitalis". I coudn't find such species, but "herba trinitatis" is # the herbalists' name for Viola tricolor (heartsease,wild pansy) [1,2,3]. # # Indeed, comparing f9v with a drawing by Carl Lindman [1], we see # an almost perfect match --- including the roots, and the two types # of leaves. # # Dennis Mardle [10 Oct 1998] observes that the details match also # Viola arvensis (field pansy), which hybridises with V. tricolor # and is very similar in shape, including especially the dimorphic # leaves [1,4]. # # The colors may help resolve this issue. The flowers of Viola # tricolor are usually purple and white with yellow core; Lindman's # drawing shows V. arvensis as white (or light blue?) with yellow # core. Jim Reeds color list [03 Mar 1998] reports some blue on this # page, to be confirmed. # # In either case, there is one odd detail: the flowers in f9v are # upside-down. Also the two bottom flowers are somewhat differen. # # Viola tricolor was used internally to treat epilepsy, asthma and # bronchitis (whole plant), as an emetic and purgative (seeds) and as # a heart tonic (flowers). Externally it was used to treat skin # diseases [2]. The flowers are reported to be edible. # # References: # # [1] Carl Axel Magnus Lindman # Bilder ur Nordens Flora # 227. A. Styvmorsviol, Viola tricolor L.; B. Ĺkerviol, Viola arvensis Murr. # http://www.lysator.liu.se/runeberg/nordflor/ # http://www.lysator.liu.se/runeberg/nordflor/227.html # # [2] Mrs. M. Grieve, F.R.H.S. # A Modern Herbal # Viola tricolor - Heartsease # http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/mgmh.html # http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/h/hearts10.html # # [3] ECNC DATABASE: SAXIFRAGA European Flora Slides # Viola tricolor ssp. tricolor # http://www.ecnc.nl/doc/ecnc/saxifrag/euroflor.html # http://www.ecnc.nl/gif/viotritr.gif # # [4] ECNC DATABASE: SAXIFRAGA European Flora Slides # Viola Arvensis Murr. # http://www.ecnc.nl/doc/ecnc/saxifrag/euroflor.html # http://www.ecnc.nl/gif/vioarv.gif # # {$I=H $Q=B $P=C $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 01:33:27 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f10r = BC (Rene) = p019 (Stolfi) # Folio: f10 # Panels: f10r # Bifolio: bB2 = f10+f15 # Quire: B (Rene) = II (Beinecke) # # Kraus XXX (bottom) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: b,green,red (Reeds) # Plant: 18 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant, flush against the right and bottom edges, reaching # almost to the top. # # Two paragraphs (with 4.4 and 6.8 lines) at the top. They are left- # and right-justified, except for the last four lines of paragraph # 2, which follow the plan'ts outline on the right. Paragraph 2 is # interrupted by the flower stalk. # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=B $P=D $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 01:34:57 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f10v = BD (Rene) = p020 (Stolfi) # Folio: f10 # Panels: f10v # Bifolio: bB2 = f10+f15 # Quire: B (Rene) = II (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: b (Reeds) # # Description: # # One plant, flush against the bottom edge and the right margin, # reaching 2/3 of the way to the top. # # Two paragraphs (with 2.6 and 3.8 lines) at the top, # left- and right-justified, ending just above the plant. # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=B $P=E $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 01:43:44 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Spiny carrots" # Page: f11r = BE (Rene) = p021 (Stolfi) # Folio: f11 # Panels: f11r # Bifolio: bB3 = f11+f14 # Quire: B (Rene) = II (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: b,green (Reeds) # Plant: 20 (Petersen) # # Description: # # Three plants with entwined leaves and carrot-like roots, # which take up the bottom 3/4 of the page. # # Two paragraphs (with 3.5 and 2.4 lines) at the top, # left- and right-justified. # # Comments: # # The plants look like carrot plants, but the "carrots" # are covered with spines or barbs, pointing up(!) # and two of the leaves seem to be shared by two plants(!!). # {$I=H $Q=B $P=F $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 01:45:27 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f11v = BF (Rene) = p022 (Stolfi) # Folio: f11 # Panels: f11v # Bifolio: bB3 = f11+f14 # Quire: B (Rene) = II (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,brown (Reeds) # Plant: 21 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One large plant, flush against the right edge and spanning from # the top to the bottom. # # One paragraph (with 5.6 lines), just below mid-page, # left- and right-justified, interrupted by the # plant's twin stem. # # Comments: # # {$I=M $Q=B $P=Y} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 02:44:43 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f12r = BY (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f12 # Panels: f12r # Bifolio: bB4 = f12+f13 # Quire: B (Rene) = II (Beinecke) # # Missing in the original # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # Folio 12 is missing. # # Comments: # # Cut away after binding? # {$I=M $Q=B $P=Z} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 02:44:52 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f12v = BZ (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f12 # Panels: f12v # Bifolio: bB4 = f12+f13 # Quire: B (Rene) = II (Beinecke) # # Missing in the original # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # Folio 12 is missing. # # Comments: # # Cut away after binding? # {$I=H $Q=B $P=G $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 01:49:07 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f13r = BG (Rene) = p023 (Stolfi) # Folio: f13 # Panels: f13r # Bifolio: bB4 = f12+f13 # Quire: B (Rene) = II (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,brown,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=B $P=H $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 01:49:45 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f13v = BH (Rene) = p024 (Stolfi) # Folio: f13 # Panels: f13v # Bifolio: bB4 = f12+f13 # Quire: B (Rene) = II (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,green (Reeds) # Plant: 23 (Petersen) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=B $P=I $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 01:50:25 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f14r = BI (Rene) = p025 (Stolfi) # Folio: f14 # Panels: f14r # Bifolio: bB3 = f11+f14 # Quire: B (Rene) = II (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,red (Reeds) # Plant: 24 (Petersen) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=B $P=J $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 01:50:56 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f14v = BJ (Rene) = p026 (Stolfi) # Folio: f14 # Panels: f14v # Bifolio: bB3 = f11+f14 # Quire: B (Rene) = II (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=B $P=K $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 01:51:39 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f15r = BK (Rene) = p027 (Stolfi) # Folio: f15 # Panels: f15r # Bifolio: bB2 = f10+f15 # Quire: B (Rene) = II (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue (Reeds) # Plant: 26 (Petersen) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=B $P=L $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 01:51:54 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f15v = BL (Rene) = p028 (Stolfi) # Folio: f15 # Panels: f15v # Bifolio: bB2 = f10+f15 # Quire: B (Rene) = II (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 27 (Petersen) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=B $P=M $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 01:58:42 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f16r = BM (Rene) = p029 (Stolfi) # Folio: f16 # Panels: f16r # Bifolio: bB1 = f9+f16 # Quire: B (Rene) = II (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,green,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 28 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant, spanning from bottom edge to top margin, # flush against the right margin. # # Three paragraphs (with 2.9, 4.2, and 3.7 lines) at the top, # left-justified. The first two lines of paragraph 1 # are right-justified and interrupted by the plant's flower. # # Paragraph 1 is followed by a short title, which may be just a # part of the paragrraph. # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=B $P=N $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 02:01:56 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f16v = BN (Rene) = p030 (Stolfi) # Folio: f16 # Panels: f16v # Bifolio: bB1 = f9+f16 # Quire: B (Rene) = II (Beinecke) # # Quire B, last page # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,blue (Reeds) # Plant: 29 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant, occupying the right half of the page, spamming from # top to bottom edges. # # Two paragraphs (with 6.0 and 6.8 lines) at the top, # left-justified and following the plant's outline on the # right. # # There is a mark at the SE corner, not fully visible in the image. # # Comments: # # The mark at the SE corner is almost surely the quire number, "2nd" # in abbreviated Latin. # {$I=H $Q=C $P=A $L=A $H=1 $X=U} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 02:32:53 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Roots with eyes" # Page: f17r = CA (Rene) = p031 (Stolfi) # Folio: f17 # Panels: f17r # Bifolio: bC1 = f17+f24 # Quire: C (Rene) = III (Beinecke) # # First page of quire. # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: b,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # One plant, flush against the right margin, # spanning from the bottom edge to a little below the top # margin. # # Three paragraphs (with 2.6, 2.5, 5.5 lines) at the top, left- and # right-justified except for the last paragraph (which follows the # plant's outline on the right), extending down to mid-page. # Paragraph 3 may actually be two paragraphs (with 2.9 and 2.5 # lines). # # There is one extra line of text above the top margin (unit # f17r.H), apparently not in the same hand as the rest of the page. # The letters are smalled than normal; some of them resemble # Voynichese charactersthey, others look more like Latin. One of the # legible characters is an EVA "y" with macron; another, less # legible, could be an EVA "r". The right half of the line is almost # completely erased, and may extend beyond the normal right margin; # the left half is not quite readable. # # Comments: # # The extra line of text at the top of the page looks similar to the # hand of f116v (especially the characters shaped like "l"s). The # letters are probably Latin, or possibly Greek; the EVA-"y" with macron # would then be an abbreviation. # # The eyes in the roots seem to be the result of "enhancing" two # eye-like gaps in the roots. # ## {} # Extraneous writing at the top (almost certainly not Voynichese). # Last edited on 1998-12-23 04:24:18 by stolfi # # "U" transcription by J. Stolfi from scanned image # # Reading in Latin alphabet: # mallior.allor.*u*{9-with-macron}.ha*.umi***.o.***al.****{rest erased}= # {$I=H $Q=C $P=B $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 02:33:08 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f17v = CB (Rene) = p032 (Stolfi) # Folio: f17 # Panels: f17v # Bifolio: bC1 = f17+f24 # Quire: C (Rene) = III (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,green (Reeds) # Plant: 31 (Petersen) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=C $P=C $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:10:17 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f18r = CC (Rene) = p033 (Stolfi) # Folio: f18 # Panels: f18r # Bifolio: bC2 = f18+f23 # Quire: C (Rene) = III (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: b,red (Reeds) # Plant: 32 (Petersen) # # Description: # # Has two paragraphs of text. The first one is followed by # a title. The second may be followed too, but what do we know... # Line numbers increase continuously and match Landini's file. # {$I=H $Q=C $P=D $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:10:35 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f18v = CD (Rene) = p034 (Stolfi) # Folio: f18 # Panels: f18v # Bifolio: bC2 = f18+f23 # Quire: C (Rene) = III (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red (Reeds) # Plant: 33 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=C $P=E $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:10:44 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f19r = CE (Rene) = p035 (Stolfi) # Folio: f19 # Panels: f19r # Bifolio: bC3 = f19+f22 # Quire: C (Rene) = III (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,green,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 34 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=C $P=F $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:10:50 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f19v = CF (Rene) = p036 (Stolfi) # Folio: f19 # Panels: f19v # Bifolio: bC3 = f19+f22 # Quire: C (Rene) = III (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,brown (Reeds) # Plant: 35 (Petersen) # # Description: # # Has two paragraphs; the second one is followed by a title. # Perhaps the first one is too. # {$I=H $Q=C $P=G $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:11:25 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f20r = CG (Rene) = p037 (Stolfi) # Folio: f20 # Panels: f20r # Bifolio: bC4 = f20+f21 # Quire: C (Rene) = III (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,red (Reeds) # Plant: 36 (Petersen) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=C $P=H $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:11:32 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f20v = CH (Rene) = p038 (Stolfi) # Folio: f20 # Panels: f20v # Bifolio: bC4 = f20+f21 # Quire: C (Rene) = III (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue (Reeds) # Plant: 37 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=C $P=I $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:11:39 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f21r = CI (Rene) = p039 (Stolfi) # Folio: f21 # Panels: f21r # Bifolio: bC4 = f20+f21 # Quire: C (Rene) = III (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 38 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=C $P=J $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:11:48 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f21v = CJ (Rene) = p040 (Stolfi) # Folio: f21 # Panels: f21v # Bifolio: bC4 = f20+f21 # Quire: C (Rene) = III (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,blue (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=C $P=K $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:12:06 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f22r = CK (Rene) = p041 (Stolfi) # Folio: f22 # Panels: f22r # Bifolio: bC3 = f19+f22 # Quire: C (Rene) = III (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,b (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=C $P=L $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:12:12 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f22v = CL (Rene) = p042 (Stolfi) # Folio: f22 # Panels: f22v # Bifolio: bC3 = f19+f22 # Quire: C (Rene) = III (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,green,brown (Reeds) # # Description: # # Has at least a title at the bottom. # Perhaps there are more in between. # {$I=H $Q=C $P=M $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:12:33 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f23r = CM (Rene) = p043 (Stolfi) # Folio: f23 # Panels: f23r # Bifolio: bC2 = f18+f23 # Quire: C (Rene) = III (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,green,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 42 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=C $P=N $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:12:45 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f23v = CN (Rene) = p044 (Stolfi) # Folio: f23 # Panels: f23v # Bifolio: bC2 = f18+f23 # Quire: C (Rene) = III (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,chartreuse,brown (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=C $P=O $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:13:06 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f24r = CO (Rene) = p045 (Stolfi) # Folio: f24 # Panels: f24r # Bifolio: bC1 = f17+f24 # Quire: C (Rene) = III (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 44 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=C $P=P $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:13:11 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f24v = CP (Rene) = p046 (Stolfi) # Folio: f24 # Panels: f24v # Bifolio: bC1 = f17+f24 # Quire: C (Rene) = III (Beinecke) # # Quire C, last page # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,green,brown (Reeds) # Plant: 45 (Petersen) # # Description: # # There is a mark at SE corner, in thich strokes, resembling a # "39". # # Comments: # # The mark at the SE corner is almost certainly the quire number, # "3rd" in abbreviated latin. # {$I=H $Q=D $P=A $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:13:33 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f25r = DA (Rene) = p047 (Stolfi) # Folio: f25 # Panels: f25r # Bifolio: bD1 = f25+f32 # Quire: D (Rene) = IV (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,dark-red (Reeds) # Plant: 46 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=D $P=B $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:13:38 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f25v = DB (Rene) = p048 (Stolfi) # Folio: f25 # Panels: f25v # Bifolio: bD1 = f25+f32 # Quire: D (Rene) = IV (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 47 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=D $P=C $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:13:44 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f26r = DC (Rene) = p049 (Stolfi) # Folio: f26 # Panels: f26r # Bifolio: bD2 = f26+f31 # Quire: D (Rene) = IV (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,blue (Reeds) # Plant: 48 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=D $P=D $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:13:53 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f26v = DD (Rene) = p050 (Stolfi) # Folio: f26 # Panels: f26v # Bifolio: bD2 = f26+f31 # Quire: D (Rene) = IV (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,green (Reeds) # Plant: 49 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=D $P=E $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:14:08 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f27r = DE (Rene) = p051 (Stolfi) # Folio: f27 # Panels: f27r # Bifolio: bD3 = f27+f30 # Quire: D (Rene) = IV (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: brown,green (Reeds) # Plant: 50,51 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=D $P=F $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:14:13 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f27v = DF (Rene) = p052 (Stolfi) # Folio: f27 # Panels: f27v # Bifolio: bD3 = f27+f30 # Quire: D (Rene) = IV (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,red,brown (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=D $P=G $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:14:22 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f28r = DG (Rene) = p053 (Stolfi) # Folio: f28 # Panels: f28r # Bifolio: bD4 = f28+f29 # Quire: D (Rene) = IV (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 53 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=D $P=H $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:14:29 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f28v = DH (Rene) = p054 (Stolfi) # Folio: f28 # Panels: f28v # Bifolio: bD4 = f28+f29 # Quire: D (Rene) = IV (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=D $P=I $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:14:36 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f29r = DI (Rene) = p055 (Stolfi) # Folio: f29 # Panels: f29r # Bifolio: bD4 = f28+f29 # Quire: D (Rene) = IV (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,green,blue (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=D $P=J $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:14:46 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f29v = DJ (Rene) = p056 (Stolfi) # Folio: f29 # Panels: f29v # Bifolio: bD4 = f28+f29 # Quire: D (Rene) = IV (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,blue (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=D $P=K $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:18:46 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f30r = DK (Rene) = p057 (Stolfi) # Folio: f30 # Panels: f30r # Bifolio: bD3 = f27+f30 # Quire: D (Rene) = IV (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,green (Reeds) # Plant: 57 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=D $P=L $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:18:59 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f30v = DL (Rene) = p058 (Stolfi) # Folio: f30 # Panels: f30v # Bifolio: bD3 = f27+f30 # Quire: D (Rene) = IV (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: tan (Reeds) # Plant: 58 (Petersen) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=D $P=M $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:19:13 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f31r = DM (Rene) = p059 (Stolfi) # Folio: f31 # Panels: f31r # Bifolio: bD2 = f26+f31 # Quire: D (Rene) = IV (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: tan,red,brown,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=D $P=N $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:19:22 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f31v = DN (Rene) = p060 (Stolfi) # Folio: f31 # Panels: f31v # Bifolio: bD2 = f26+f31 # Quire: D (Rene) = IV (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: brown (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=D $P=O $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:19:39 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f32r = DO (Rene) = p061 (Stolfi) # Folio: f32 # Panels: f32r # Bifolio: bD1 = f25+f32 # Quire: D (Rene) = IV (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 61 (Petersen) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=D $P=P $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:19:52 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f32v = DP (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f32 # Panels: f32v # Bifolio: bD1 = f25+f32 # Quire: D (Rene) = IV (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,green (Reeds) # Plant: 62 (Petersen) # # Description: # # There is a thick marking at the SE corner, resembling a "4" with # superscript "g". # # Comments: # # The mark at the SE corner is almost certainly the quire number # ("4th") in abbreviated Latin. # {$I=H $Q=E $P=A $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:20:03 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f33r = EA (Rene) = p063 (Stolfi) # Folio: f33 # Panels: f33r # Bifolio: bE1 = f33+f40 # Quire: E (Rene) = V (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: tan,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=E $P=B $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:20:11 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f33v = EB (Rene) = p064 (Stolfi) # Folio: f33 # Panels: f33v # Bifolio: bE1 = f33+f40 # Quire: E (Rene) = V (Beinecke) # # NYT 6May75, Krauss 30(top)?, Kahn plate, B&R p90 ; ``Sunflowers'' # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan,blue (Reeds) # Plant: 64 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=E $P=C $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:20:21 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f34r = EC (Rene) = p065 (Stolfi) # Folio: f34 # Panels: f34r # Bifolio: bE2 = f34+f39 # Quire: E (Rene) = V (Beinecke) # # Krauss 30(top), B&R p91; ``Sunflowers'' # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,blue,red-brown (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=E $P=D $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:30:12 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f34v = ED (Rene) = p066 (Stolfi) # Folio: f34 # Panels: f34v # Bifolio: bE2 = f34+f39 # Quire: E (Rene) = V (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,brown (Reeds) # Plant: 66 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=E $P=E $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:30:26 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f35r = EE (Rene) = p067 (Stolfi) # Folio: f35 # Panels: f35r # Bifolio: bE3 = f35+f38 # Quire: E (Rene) = V (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,green,brown (Reeds) # Plant: 67 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=E $P=F $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:30:40 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f35v = EF (Rene) = p068 (Stolfi) # Folio: f35 # Panels: f35v # Bifolio: bE3 = f35+f38 # Quire: E (Rene) = V (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,red (Reeds) # Plant: 68 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=E $P=G $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:30:56 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f36r = EG (Rene) = p069 (Stolfi) # Folio: f36 # Panels: f36r # Bifolio: bE4 = f36+f37 # Quire: E (Rene) = V (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,blue,tan (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=E $P=H $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:32:13 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f36v = EH (Rene) = p070 (Stolfi) # Folio: f36 # Panels: f36v # Bifolio: bE4 = f36+f37 # Quire: E (Rene) = V (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=E $P=I $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:32:32 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f37r = EI (Rene) = p071 (Stolfi) # Folio: f37 # Panels: f37r # Bifolio: bE4 = f36+f37 # Quire: E (Rene) = V (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,green,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 71 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=E $P=J $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:32:44 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f37v = EJ (Rene) = p072 (Stolfi) # Folio: f37 # Panels: f37v # Bifolio: bE4 = f36+f37 # Quire: E (Rene) = V (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: b,red,green (Reeds) # Plant: 72 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=E $P=K $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:33:02 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f38r = EK (Rene) = p073 (Stolfi) # Folio: f38 # Panels: f38r # Bifolio: bE3 = f35+f38 # Quire: E (Rene) = V (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 73 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=E $P=L $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:33:17 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f38v = EL (Rene) = p074 (Stolfi) # Folio: f38 # Panels: f38v # Bifolio: bE3 = f35+f38 # Quire: E (Rene) = V (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: b,tan,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=E $P=M $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:42:11 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f39r = EM (Rene) = p075 (Stolfi) # Folio: f39 # Panels: f39r # Bifolio: bE2 = f34+f39 # Quire: E (Rene) = V (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan,brown (Reeds) # Plant: 75 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant flush against the left, right and bottom edges of the page, # filling the bottom half of the page. # # Root: a very broad tuber, like a fat pancake with flat light # upper surface and dark edge. A ring of 19 "fat mousetail" roots--- # dark, short and S-shaped---sprout from the edge; they seem # to support the "pancake" like the legs of a table. # Stem: many short straight stems sprout separately from the top surface # of the "pancake". Each stem ends with a leaf. # Branches: occasional short branches, each having a # single leaf at the tip. # Leaves: two spindle-shaped leaves fused at the base, forming a # "V" with fat arms and pointed tips. No leaf stalks. # Flowers: a single flower. # Stalk: longish. Chalyx: spindle-shaped, with small triangular # sepals. Petals: seven small scale-shaped petals. Core: small. # # There are three paragraphs of text (with 4.3, 3.4, 5.9 lines) # above the plant, flush against the top margin. Below the third one # there is a centered line with 4-5 words; it may be part of the # paragraph. The first two paragraphs span margin-to-margin; the # last one is even on the left, and extends right up to the plant's # outline on the right, even touching it. # # Comments: # # An almost identical copy of this drawing appears on f95r2. The # drawing on this page is drawn with more skill, and the flowers are # more detailed. The root is flatter, and its upper surface is # ligher. Also the flowers sprout from the side of the stem, not # from its tip as in f95r2. # {$I=H $Q=E $P=N $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:42:32 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f39v = EN (Rene) = p076 (Stolfi) # Folio: f39 # Panels: f39v # Bifolio: bE2 = f34+f39 # Quire: E (Rene) = V (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,b (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=E $P=O $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:42:45 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f40r = EO (Rene) = p077 (Stolfi) # Folio: f40 # Panels: f40r # Bifolio: bE1 = f33+f40 # Quire: E (Rene) = V (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,chartreuse (Reeds) # Plant: 77 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=E $P=P $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 20:33:17 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f40v = EP (Rene) = p078 (Stolfi) # Folio: f40 # Panels: f40v # Bifolio: bE1 = f33+f40 # Quire: E (Rene) = V (Beinecke) # # Quire E, last page # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red (Reeds) # Plant: 78 (Petersen) # # Description: # # There is a mark at the SE corner, resembling a "7" (uncrossed, with # upturned serif on the top stroke) with a superscript "cg". # # Comments: # # The mark at the SE corner is almost surely a quire number, a digit # with a Latin abbreviation. # # Landini's comments say "gathering mark 5". But it looks more # like a "seven" to me... # {$I=H $Q=F $P=A $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:50:55 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f41r = FA (Rene) = p079 (Stolfi) # Folio: f41 # Panels: f41r # Bifolio: bF1 = f41+f48 # Quire: F (Rene) = VI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 79 (Petersen) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=F $P=B $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:51:21 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f41v = FB (Rene) = p080 (Stolfi) # Folio: f41 # Panels: f41v # Bifolio: bF1 = f41+f48 # Quire: F (Rene) = VI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,green,b (Reeds) # Plant: 80 (Petersen) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=F $P=C $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 07:43:14 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f42r = FC (Rene) = p081 (Stolfi) # Folio: f42 # Panels: f42r # Bifolio: bF2 = f42+f47 # Quire: F (Rene) = VI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,green (Reeds) # Plant: 81 (Petersen) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=F $P=D $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:52:01 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f42v = FD (Rene) = p082 (Stolfi) # Folio: f42 # Panels: f42v # Bifolio: bF2 = f42+f47 # Quire: F (Rene) = VI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: tan,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=F $P=E $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:52:19 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f43r = FE (Rene) = p083 (Stolfi) # Folio: f43 # Panels: f43r # Bifolio: bF3 = f43+f46 # Quire: F (Rene) = VI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: tan,red,blue (Reeds) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=F $P=F $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:52:37 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f43v = FF (Rene) = p084 (Stolfi) # Folio: f43 # Panels: f43v # Bifolio: bF3 = f43+f46 # Quire: F (Rene) = VI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: b,green,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 85 (Petersen) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=F $P=G $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:52:55 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f44r = FG (Rene) = p085 (Stolfi) # Folio: f44 # Panels: f44r # Bifolio: bF4 = f44+f45 # Quire: F (Rene) = VI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: b,green,red (Reeds) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=F $P=H $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:53:23 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f44v = FH (Rene) = p086 (Stolfi) # Folio: f44 # Panels: f44v # Bifolio: bF4 = f44+f45 # Quire: F (Rene) = VI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,green,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 88 (Petersen) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=F $P=I $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:54:02 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f45r = FI (Rene) = p087 (Stolfi) # Folio: f45 # Panels: f45r # Bifolio: bF4 = f44+f45 # Quire: F (Rene) = VI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,tan,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=F $P=J $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:54:17 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f45v = FJ (Rene) = p088 (Stolfi) # Folio: f45 # Panels: f45v # Bifolio: bF4 = f44+f45 # Quire: F (Rene) = VI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: b,green,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 90 (Petersen) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=F $P=K $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:54:54 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f46r = FK (Rene) = p089 (Stolfi) # Folio: f46 # Panels: f46r # Bifolio: bF3 = f43+f46 # Quire: F (Rene) = VI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: tan,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=F $P=L $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 19:55:09 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f46v = FL (Rene) = p090 (Stolfi) # Folio: f46 # Panels: f46v # Bifolio: bF3 = f43+f46 # Quire: F (Rene) = VI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,blue,red,tan (Reeds) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=F $P=M $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 20:28:56 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f47r = FM (Rene) = p091 (Stolfi) # Folio: f47 # Panels: f47r # Bifolio: bF2 = f42+f47 # Quire: F (Rene) = VI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,green,red (Reeds) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=F $P=N $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 20:29:17 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f47v = FN (Rene) = p092 (Stolfi) # Folio: f47 # Panels: f47v # Bifolio: bF2 = f42+f47 # Quire: F (Rene) = VI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: b,red (Reeds) # Plant: 94 (Petersen) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=F $P=O $L=B $H=2} # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f48r = FO (Rene) = p093 (Stolfi) # Folio: f48 # Panels: f48r # Bifolio: bF1 = f41+f48 # Quire: F (Rene) = VI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 95 (Petersen) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=F $P=P $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-12-07 11:29:57 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f48v = FP (Rene) = p094 (Stolfi) # Folio: f48 # Panels: f48v # Bifolio: bF1 = f41+f48 # Quire: F (Rene) = VI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,green,tan (Reeds) # Plant: 96 (Petersen) # # Description: # # There is a marking at the SE corner, resembling a "6" # with a superscript "cg". # # There seems to be a faint image to the left of the leftmost flower. # It is neither an imprint from f47v nor a bleedthrough from f48v. # # Comments: # # The mark at the SE corner is almost certainly the quire number, # "6th" in abbreviated Latin. # # {$I=H $Q=G $P=A $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 18:21:46 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Snake roots" # Page: f49r = GA (Rene) = p095 (Stolfi) # Folio: f49 # Panels: f49r # Bifolio: bG1 = f49+f56 # Quire: G (Rene) = VII (Beinecke) # # Brumbaugh p4, Harper's `potato' # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,red,green,yellow (Reeds) # Plant: 97 (Petersen) # # Description: # # A large plant, flush against the right and bottom edges, # and reaching almost to the top margin. # # Root: four dark teardrop-shaped tubers. # Stem: single, straight vertical, with dark streaks. # Branches: not visible. # Leaves: roundish, with scalloped margins. # Painted solid dark. Stalk: long and drooping. # Flowers: three open flowers and many buds, sprouting from two # sinuous, drooping branches; ome uncolored, most painted dark. # Stalk: short. Chalix: spherical, with a short trumpet # of fused sepals ending with a scalloped edge. Petals: # longish in the open flowers, resembling a diver's paddle foot with three # fingers, painted dark; folded into the chalyx in # the immature buds. Core, stamens, and pistils: not visible. # # Tunneling through the tubers are two animals that could be # snakes or earthworms: legless, with long, sinuous bodies # ending with a rounded tail. Their head resembles that of # a sea horse, and both have a row of dots along the back. # # There are three paragraphs (with 3.0, 7.6, 9.6 lines). # The first one, squeezed above the plant, is left- and # (roughly) right-justified. The other two, that lie # between 1/4 and 3/4 of the page's vertical extent, # are left-justified, and follow the plant's outline at right. # # Comments: # # The head and snout details of the snakes resemble those of the # "baby dragon" in f???. There is a resemblance also to the fishes # in the Pisces symbol (f???) and the birds in the "Garden of Eden" # page (f???). # # It is not clear how the "snakes" are related to the plant. # {$I=H $Q=G $P=B $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 20:22:57 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f49v = GB (Rene) = p096 (Stolfi) # Folio: f49 # Panels: f49v # Bifolio: bG1 = f49+f56 # Quire: G (Rene) = VII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,green (Reeds) # Plant: 98 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant, flush against the right edge of the page, # spanning it vertically from edge t edge. # # The top 3/4 of the page are occupied by three paragraphs of text # (with 13.0, 3.5, 8.5 lines), flush against the top and left # margins. The first paragraph is even on the left margin, and # follows the plant outline on the right. The other two span # margin-to-margin and are interupted by the plant's stem. # # To the left of each text line there is a single symbol, 26 in # total, most of them being Voynich letters. Further to the left of # this column of symbols, on lines 2 thru 6 only, there are ordinary # numerals "1" thru "5". # # Comments: # # Jim Reeds [03 Mar 1998] noted that the digits in the NW corner # seem to be in the same hand as the folio numbers. # {$I=H $Q=G $P=C $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 20:54:28 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f50r = GC (Rene) = p097 (Stolfi) # Folio: f50 # Panels: f50r # Bifolio: bG2 = f50+f55 # Quire: G (Rene) = VII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,yellow,green (Reeds) # Plant: 99 (Petersen) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=G $P=D $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 20:55:01 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f50v = GD (Rene) = p098 (Stolfi) # Folio: f50 # Panels: f50v # Bifolio: bG2 = f50+f55 # Quire: G (Rene) = VII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,green (Reeds) # Plant: 100 (Petersen) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=G $P=E $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 20:54:58 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f51r = GE (Rene) = p099 (Stolfi) # Folio: f51 # Panels: f51r # Bifolio: bG3 = f51+f54 # Quire: G (Rene) = VII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,yellow,green,brown (Reeds) # Plant: 101 (Petersen) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=G $P=F $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 20:55:19 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f51v = GF (Rene) = p100 (Stolfi) # Folio: f51 # Panels: f51v # Bifolio: bG3 = f51+f54 # Quire: G (Rene) = VII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,green,yellow (Reeds) # Plant: 102 (Petersen) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=G $P=G $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 22:40:48 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f52r = GG (Rene) = p101 (Stolfi) # Folio: f52 # Panels: f52r # Bifolio: bG4 = f52+f53 # Quire: G (Rene) = VII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,brown,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=G $P=H $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 22:41:05 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f52v = GH (Rene) = p102 (Stolfi) # Folio: f52 # Panels: f52v # Bifolio: bG4 = f52+f53 # Quire: G (Rene) = VII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan (Reeds) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=G $P=I $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 22:41:24 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f53r = GI (Rene) = p103 (Stolfi) # Folio: f53 # Panels: f53r # Bifolio: bG4 = f52+f53 # Quire: G (Rene) = VII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan,red (Reeds) # Plant: 105 (Petersen) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=G $P=J $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 22:41:40 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f53v = GJ (Rene) = p104 (Stolfi) # Folio: f53 # Panels: f53v # Bifolio: bG4 = f52+f53 # Quire: G (Rene) = VII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,blue,green (Reeds) # Plant: 106 (Petersen) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=G $P=K $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 22:41:59 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f54r = GK (Rene) = p105 (Stolfi) # Folio: f54 # Panels: f54r # Bifolio: bG3 = f51+f54 # Quire: G (Rene) = VII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,reddish (Reeds) # Plant: 107 (Petersen) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=G $P=L $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-08 22:36:09 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f54v = GL (Rene) = p106 (Stolfi) # Folio: f54 # Panels: f54v # Bifolio: bG3 = f51+f54 # Quire: G (Rene) = VII (Beinecke) # # found solely on 16xx, not found in 1609 # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,red,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=G $P=M $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-08 22:36:27 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f55r = GM (Rene) = p107 (Stolfi) # Folio: f55 # Panels: f55r # Bifolio: bG2 = f50+f55 # Quire: G (Rene) = VII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,red,green (Reeds) # Plant: 109 (Petersen) # # Description: # # {$I=H $Q=G $P=N $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 22:42:22 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f55v = GN (Rene) = p108 (Stolfi) # Folio: f55 # Panels: f55v # Bifolio: bG2 = f50+f55 # Quire: G (Rene) = VII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,blue,tan (Reeds) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=G $P=O $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 22:43:16 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f56r = GO (Rene) = p109 (Stolfi) # Folio: f56 # Panels: f56r # Bifolio: bG1 = f49+f56 # Quire: G (Rene) = VII (Beinecke) # # Kraus p45, Zimansky; # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: yellow,blue,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # Comments: # # `fern' # # {$I=H $Q=G $P=P $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 22:49:16 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f56v = GP (Rene) = p110 (Stolfi) # Folio: f56 # Panels: f56v # Bifolio: bG1 = f49+f56 # Quire: G (Rene) = VII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red(blotch),blue,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # There is a mark in the SE corner, # resembling a capital lambda with superscript "mj" # # Comments: # # The mark in the SE corner is almost surely the quire number, # "7th": the "lambda" is a "7", and the "j" in the superscript is # actualy an EVA "y" with macron, a scribal abbreviation for "-us". # # {$I=H $Q=H $P=A $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 22:49:41 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f57r = HA (Rene) = p111 (Stolfi) # Folio: f57 # Panels: f57r # Bifolio: bH1 = f57+f66 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=C $Q=H $P=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 02:36:50 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "The 4 times 17 sequence" # Page: f57v = HB (Rene) = p112 (Stolfi) # Folio: f57 # Panels: f57v # Bifolio: bH1 = f57+f66 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: C (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: cosmological # Colors: tan (Reeds) # # Description: # # A circular diagram. # # Eight concentric mechanically drawn circles delimit four text # rings, which are divided into 4 quadrants by straight lines in # the NE, NW, SW, and SE directions. The lines are drawn with ruler, # but do not quite meet at the center (They may be modern additions # to the copy). there is an isolated word outside the outer circle. # # At the center is a simple rosette, with 4 short and 4 long rounded # lobes, with a circle and a dot in the middle. # # Inside the inner circle there are four naked human figures, # visible from the chest up, heads towards the center. # Two are male, two female; two are seen mostly from the front # two mostly from the back; two have both arms raised, two have # only one. Here are the combinations: # # North: male, back, two arms straight in "V". # West: female, front, one arm straight at 45 degrees. # South: female, back, two arms straight in "V". # East: male, front, one arm forward then bent up, holding a ball. # # There are 8 words inside the inner circle. Four of them radiate # from the rosette, roughly along the diagonal lines. The other # four are tangential (but with straight baselines), to be read # in the clockwise direction; it is not clear whether they # label the four figures, or the spaces between them. # # Comments: # # {$I=T $Q=H $P=C $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 02:38:46 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f58r = HC (Rene) = p113 (Stolfi) # Folio: f58 # Panels: f58r # Bifolio: bH2 = f58+f65 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: T (Rene), str (Stolfi) # Subject: stars # Colors: yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # The page contains three long text blocks with 14.5, 9.7, 15.7 # lines, with clear gaps between them. There are hints of paragraph # breaks inside each block, but they are not evident. The three # paragraphs are left- and right-justified, except that the first # three lines are indented as if making space for an ornate capital. # # There are three stars in the left margin, with 6, 7, and 7 points, # respectively. Each star is positioned just above the corresponding # paragraph. The last two starts have a small circular core. # # Comments: # # {$I=T $Q=H $P=D $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 02:40:27 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f58v = HD (Rene) = p114 (Stolfi) # Folio: f58 # Panels: f58v # Bifolio: bH2 = f58+f65 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: T (Rene), str (Stolfi) # Subject: stars # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # Text only: four paragraphs (with 21.0, 5.8, 4.3, and 5.7 lines, # respectively). Below the first paragraph there is a centered # title, which may be simply the last line of the paragraph. # # There is a six-pointed star with tail (perhaps a flower?) in the # top left corner, right next to the top edge, with the tail ending # on the first baseline, just to the left of the first character. # # {$I=M $Q=H $P=I} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 07:48:15 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f59r = HI (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f59 # Panels: f59r # Bifolio: bH3 = f59+f64 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Comments: # # Folios 59 thru 64 are missing. # {$I=M $Q=H $P=J} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 07:47:48 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f59v = HJ (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f59 # Panels: f59v # Bifolio: bH3 = f59+f64 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Comments: # # Folios 59 thru 64 are missing. # {$I=M $Q=H $P=K} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 02:46:01 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f60r = HK (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f60 # Panels: f60r # Bifolio: bH4 = f60+f63 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Missing in the original # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Comments: # # Folios 59 thru 64 are missing. # {$I=M $Q=H $P=L} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 02:46:37 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f60v = HL (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f60 # Panels: f60v # Bifolio: bH4 = f60+f63 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Missing in the original # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Comments: # # Folios 59 thru 64 are missing. # {$I=M $Q=H $P=M} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 02:47:05 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f61r = HM (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f61 # Panels: f61r # Bifolio: bH5 = f61+f62 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Missing in the original # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Comments: # # Folios 59 thru 64 are missing. # {$I=M $Q=H $P=N} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 02:47:25 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f61v = HN (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f61 # Panels: f61v # Bifolio: bH5 = f61+f62 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Missing in the original # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Comments: # # Folios 59 thru 64 are missing. # {$I=M $Q=H $P=O} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 02:47:59 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f62r = HO (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f62 # Panels: f62r # Bifolio: bH5 = f61+f62 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Missing in the original # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Comments: # # Folios 59 thru 64 are missing. # {$I=M $Q=H $P=P} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 02:48:18 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f62v = HP (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f62 # Panels: f62v # Bifolio: bH5 = f61+f62 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Missing in the original # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Comments: # # Folios 59 thru 64 are missing. # {$I=M $Q=H $P=Q} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 02:48:36 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f63r = HQ (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f63 # Panels: f63r # Bifolio: bH4 = f60+f63 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Missing in the original # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Comments: # # Folios 59 thru 64 are missing. # {$I=M $Q=H $P=R} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:53:48 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f63v = HR (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f63 # Panels: f63v # Bifolio: bH4 = f60+f63 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Missing in the original # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), unk (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Comments: # # Folios 59 thru 64 are missing. # {$I=M $Q=H $P=S} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 02:48:54 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f64r = HS (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f64 # Panels: f64r # Bifolio: bH3 = f59+f64 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Missing in the original # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Comments: # # Folios 59 thru 64 are missing. # {$I=M $Q=H $P=T} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 02:49:11 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f64v = HT (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f64 # Panels: f64v # Bifolio: bH3 = f59+f64 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Missing in the original # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Comments: # # Folios 59 thru 64 are missing. # {$I=H $Q=H $P=E} # Last edited on 1998-12-25 04:40:54 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f65r = HE (Rene) = p115 (Stolfi) # Folio: f65 # Panels: f65r # Bifolio: bH2 = f58+f65 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier), A (Stolfi guess) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: brown,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # One plant takes up most of the page, stretching out to all four # edges. # # The only text is a 3-word label, to the left of the plant, # level with the base of the stem. # {$I=H $Q=H $P=F} # Last edited on 1998-12-25 04:41:19 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f65v = HF (Rene) = p116 (Stolfi) # Folio: f65 # Panels: f65v # Bifolio: bH2 = f58+f65 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Appears as Plate II in Newbold facing p44. # Transcribed 7 Dec 91 by Gillogly, 9 dec 91 by Reeds, 13 Dec 91 Gillogly. # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier), A (Stolfi guess) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,green (Reeds) # Plant: 115 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant with many roots, branches and flowers, stretching to all # four edges of the page. # # A little below mid-page there are two paragraphs, with 3.7 and 3.9 lines, # interrupted by the plant's stem. # {$I=T $Q=H $P=G $L=B} # Last edited on 1998-12-25 04:43:06 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Three-column table" # Page: f66r = HG (Rene) = p117 (Stolfi) # Folio: f66 # Panels: f66r # Bifolio: bH1 = f57+f66 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Brumbaugh Yale Lib Gaz p352 # Roe, 3 Sept 93, transcribed from BL microfilm # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: T (Rene), unk (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (text only) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # The text is laid out in 3 columns. For each line: # # The left-most column contains either a single Voynich ``word'' or is blank. # The middle column contains a single single ``character'' or a ligature. # The right column contains a line of what appears to be normal Voynich text. # # The text on the right is laid out in paragraphs i.e. most lines are about the # same length, occasionally there is a shorter line (with blank space to the # right) followed by some vertical blank space before the next paragraph # starts. # # In the top right hand corner there is a number "66" in ordinary numerals. # # In the bottom left hand corner, there is a picture of a woman # lying down on her back (dead?). To the left of the woman are two # circles and a cylinder. Above her are four words in Voynich text. # To the far left are four words in a different hand and a different # alphabet. To me they look like: # # v # Den mv # der # # In the bottom right hand corner there is a symbol that looks like a number 2 # on its side. # # Here is a schematic layout of the text. Let # # L: left hand column # M: second column # R: right hand text # W: text above female figure # # Alignment of the three columns: # # L1 M1 R1 # # M2 R2 # # L2 M3 R3 # # M4 R4 # # L3 M5 R5 # # M6 R6 # # M7 R7 = # # # L4 M8 R8 # # M9 R9 # # L5 M10 R10 # # M11 R11 # # M12 R12 # L6 # M13 R13 = # # # M14 R14 # L7 # M15 R15 # # M16 R16 # # L8 M17 R17 = # # M18 # # L9 M19 R18 # # M20 R19 # # M21 R20 = # # # L10 M22 R21 # # M23 R22 # # L11 M24 R23 # # M25 # R24 # L12 M26 # R25 # M27 # M28 # R26 # L13 M29 # R27 # M30 # R28 # M31 # L14 R29 # M32 # R30 # M33 # L15 R31 # M34 # R32 = # # # W # # A strip of paper, about 1cm at its widest, was torn off # along the bottom edge of the page, from near the center until the # SE corner. # {$I=H $Q=H $P=H $L=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-07 23:57:28 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f66v = HH (Rene) = p118 (Stolfi) # Folio: f66 # Panels: f66v # Bifolio: bH1 = f57+f66 # Quire: H (Rene) = VIII (Beinecke) # # Quire H, last page. # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,yellow,brown (Reeds) # Plant: 116 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant occupies the bottom 2/3 of the page. # # Roots: four thin stalks, arcing down, each ending with a tuber shaped like # a chili pepper pod. The tubers are almost horizontal, pointing outwards, # and resemble four feet wearing pointy shoes. # Stem: short and thick, dark-painted very crudely . # Branches: none. # Leaves: each leaf consists of a dense stack of parallel leaflets. # curled inwards. The distal leaflets are bigger, so that the leaf # is shaped like a truncated cone, with the narrow end down. # Very weird-looking. Alternate leaflets are dark-painted. # Stalks: about as long as the stem, slightly S-shaped. # Flowers: two, one on each side. # Stalks: medium long, thin, slightly curve, branching off # diagonally from each the leaf axilla. Chalix: olive-shaped, # with short, flaring, triangular sepals; medium-dark. # Petals: triangular, dark. Core: not visible. # # Above the plant there are three paragraphs (with 4.6, 2.8, 4.9 # lines, respectively), flush with the top, left, and right margins. # The last line is interrupted by the plant. # # There is a faint scribbling to the left of the root. It looks like # an illegible word surmounted by a large EVA "l", followed by a very # crude stick man with rectangular head and eyes, wearing two # superimposed EVA "l"s as a hat. # # The bottom edge of the page has an indentation, about 1cm deep # near the middle of the edge, extending from there to the SW corner. # # There is a mark in the SE corner, resembling "8" with superscript # "ug". # # Comments: # # The plant looks very strange and inelegant, it was very poorly # drawn. # # Since the roots barely touch the edge of this tear, without # crossing it, we can presume that the the defect was already there # when the plant was drawn.. # # The mark in the SE corner is almost surely the quire number, "8th" # in abbreviated Latin. # {$I=A $Q=I $P=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 02:58:09 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f67r1 = IA (Rene) = p119 (Stolfi) # Folio: f67 # Panels: f67r1 # Bifolio: bI1 = f67+f68 # Quire: I (Rene) = IX (Beinecke) # # Quire I, first page. # # This is the innermost recto panel of a four-panel fold-out. # There seems to be some confusion in the page numbering in this fold-out; # it is also listed as page 120. # [1609.p119|1609.p120] # # Newbold plate III, Brumbaugh p66, both of whom call it f.67r # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: A (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: astronomical # Colors: blue,red,yellow (Reeds) # # Description: # # The page is dominated by a circular diagram, surmounted by a single # paragraph of text (4 lines). # # The diagram is framed by three rings of text, delimited by # four thin circles. All three rings are broken at 11:30 # by two radial strokes and a decorated design. # # At the center of the diagram there is a cicle of small "pearls", # containing a woman's(?) face, with crossed eyes and a bored or # displeased look. The space between them is dark (hair? shadow?). # # This small circle is surrounded by elongated triangular spikes, painted # solid dark, forming a 12-pointed star. The gaps between consecutive # spikes are filled by kite-shaped regions, with the sharp corner pointing inward. # The result is another "fat" star with 12 chubby points and finely serrated outlines. # Each "kite" is split along its diagonal; the clockwise half is painted # solid dark, the other one is filled with little stars. # # The space between the "fat star" and the outer circle is divided into # 24 sectors, containing alternately a label and one or two stars. # (The "star" sectors are those aligned with the starry half-kites.) # # In the SE corner there is a mark resembling a "9" with "ng" superscript. # # Comments: # # The central face probably represents the moon. # # The mark in the SE corner is almost certainly the quire number, # "9th" in abbreviated Latin. # {$I=A $Q=I $P=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-19 22:51:25 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "The seven planets" # Page: f67r2 = IB (Rene) = p120 (Stolfi) # Folio: f67 # Panels: f67r2 # Bifolio: bI1 = f67+f68 # Quire: I (Rene) = IX (Beinecke) # # This is the outermost recto panel of a four-panel fold-out. # Also listed as page 124 # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: A (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: astronomical # Colors: tan,red(some_writing) (Reeds) # # Description: # # A circular diagram, defined by 7 concentric mechanically drawn # circles. # # Circles 1 and 2 (from the outside in) define a narrow band of # decoration, consisting of 24 copies of a "scroll"-like or # "resistor"-like object. Circles 3 and 4 define another narrow # empty band; same for circles 6 and 7. # # Between circles 2 and 3 there is a band of coloured (red?) text, # consisting of 12 phrases separated by wide gaps (unit "Y"). They # don't line up perfectly with inner sectors (see below), but appear # to be spaced as if the intent was there. # # Between circles 4 and 5 there is a broad band, divided into 12 # sectors by straight radial lines, unevenly spaced. Each sector # contains two or three lines of text, reading clockwise, with straight # or curved baselines (unit "C"). # # Near the bottom (innner) edge of each sector there is a round moon # with crescent shadow and human face. Seven of the moons have a # label just above (i.e. outwards of) them (unit "L"). # # This table shows the number of lines in units "C" and "L" and the # moon colours (light/medium/dark), starting from 08:30: # # O'clock 08: 09: 10: 11: 00: 01: 02: 03: 04: 05: 06: 07: (+:30) # Number #01 #02 #03 #04 #05 #06 #07 #08 #09 #10 #11 #12 # # C lines 3.5 2.0 3.0 3.0 2.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 # L labels -- lab -- lab -- lab lab lab lab -- -- lab # colours lt dk lt dk md dk lt lt dk dk lt dk # # Between circles 5 and 6 there is a single row of text, containing 12 # labels (unit "X"), apparently associated with the sectors and/or # moons in the band above. # # Inside circle 7 there is another ring of text, with 8 erratically spaced # labels (unit "Z"). # # At the center of the diagram there is an eight-pointed star/flower # with an "orange slice" background. The eight arms are not # particularly aligned with the 8 labels of the innermost text circle. # The star arm at 08:30 has a dotted tail extending out between two # labels. # # Below the diagram there is a normal-looking paragraph (unit "P") # with 3.0 lines. According to John Grove these are only lines in # the MS that are ruled. The center line of text is coloured (red?) # and its strokes seem to be heavier than those of the other two. # # Comments: # # It is possible that the text in all the sectors between radial # lines 10:00 and 5:00 comprises a single paragraph with three and a # half lines. The same can be said of the remaining sectors. # # Robert Firth once suggested that the seven named moons may be the # the seven Ptolemaic planets. # # Since line 2 of the paragraph is colored, each line is probably # a separate sentence. # # {$I=C $Q=I $P=C} # Last edited on 1998-10-28 23:38:37 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Four constellations with faces" # Page: f67v2 = IC (Rene) = p121 (Stolfi) # Folio: f67 # Panels: f67v2 # Bifolio: bI1 = f67+f68 # Quire: I (Rene) = IX (Beinecke) # # This is the outermost verso panel of a four-panel fold-out. # # Machine-translated by Roe, 6th September 1993 from transcription in # Bennett notation dated April 1990. # # This is plate XX in Newbold, and plate IV in Manly31. Newbold's # folio number scheme has this as 67r. # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: C (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: cosmological # Colors: green,red,yellow,blue (Reeds) # # Description: # # A circular diagram with four smaller circular medallions touching # it at the NE, SE, SW and NW corners. # # The main diagram is framed by a band delimited by two faint, # concentric, mechanically drawn circles, centered on the page. The # outer circle touches the vertical edges of the page. # # Between these two circles there are four "captions", North, South, # East and West (text units "C1", "C2", "C3", and "C4", # respectively), each in two short lines, reading clockwise. # # In the center of the large diagram there is an irregular square, # within which is inscribed another circle, within which is a star # with 6 or 7 arms. The space between the star and the circle is # filled with "spiral galaxy" hatching, whose "arms" bend # counterclockwise-out. There are two words above the square # (unit "S1") and another two below it (unit "S2"). # # From the square, lines radiate out in the E, S, W, and N # directions. Each of these four lines is labeled (units "L1" # through "L4") and terminates with a branching structure. # # Lines come in towards the square from the perimeter of the large # circle in the NW, NE, SE and SW direction. Each of these four # lines is labeled (units "L5" through "L8") and terminates with a # branching structure. Nested in these structures are two suns (NW # and SE) and two moons (NE and SW), all with faces. # # The small circles in the corners contain between three and four # human faces, joined by lines. NE circle: four faces connected by a # cross, and one label (unit "F2"). SE circle: four faces, in "L" # pattern (with the second face centered on the vertical and wearing # a pointy hat), and one label (unit "F1"). SW circle: four faces at each # point of a square "U", on a coloured background; the two on the # bottom of the "U" are upside down. (John Grove speculates that # there is a fourth face hidden behind the first one on L5). NW # circle: three circular faces with one face on each point of a # reversed "4". # # Comments: # # This is the folio Newbold claimed showed an annular eclipse. See # also John Manley's 1931 article in Speculum: ``Furthermore, I # invite the reader to examine carefully Plate IV and say whether it # bears any resemblance whatever to an annular eclipse.'' # # {$I=A $Q=I $P=D} # Last edited on 1998-10-20 00:07:31 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Happy sun" # Page: f67v1 = ID (Rene) = p122 (Stolfi) # Folio: f67 # Panels: f67v1 # Bifolio: bI1 = f67+f68 # Quire: I (Rene) = IX (Beinecke) # # This is the innermost verso panel of a four-panel fold-out # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: A (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: astronomical # Colors: yellow(most_stars),green(some_stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # The page contains only a circular diagram. At the center there is # a large sun with 18 narrow undulating rays (with two of them # joined; see below). The sun has a face with a short "frame" beard, # broad smile, crossed eyes, a skullcap. At the temples, two locks # of light wavy hair escape from under the cap. # # There are 17 short titles radiating out of the center, towards the # diagram's outer frame (unit "Y"). Each of these radial titles # starts near the tip of a sun ray, except for the title at 02:00, # which is connected by thin wavy lines to the tips of two sun rays, # at 02:00 and 02:30. The text reads outwards, so it is upside down # from 06:30 through 11:30. # # In each sector between consecutive radial titles there are from # one to four stars, 39 in total. Clockwise from the double sun ray, # the counts per sector are # # * # * * * * * # * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * # * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * # 3 2 1 2 2 2 2 3 4 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 # # Around the diagram there is a narrow band divided into segments, 6 # at the top and 6 at the bottom. The band has wide gaps at left and # right, where it gets too near the margin. Each segment contains a # label enclosed in a decorative frame (unit "X"). # # Comments: # # The double ray may be where the stext starts. This guess is # supported by the line-initial EVA "p". (There is another "p" at # 04:15 and an "f" at 06:30, but they are not line-initial.) # # It is not certain that the labels in the outer band are # associated with the rays. The gap on the left side is # definitely empty, and that on the right appears to be so. # Thus there are only 12, or at most 14, labels in the band. # # The decoration in the outer band includes 24 copies of the # "notched square" symbol, with double vertical edges. # # {$I=A $Q=I $P=E} # Last edited on 1998-10-20 00:14:37 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Sun over Moon" # Page: f68r1 = IE (Rene) = p123 (Stolfi) # Folio: f68 # Panels: f68r1 # Bifolio: bI1 = f67+f68 # Quire: I (Rene) = IX (Beinecke) # # This is the innermost recto panel of an eight-panel fold-out. # # Krauss plate 31(top). # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: A (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: astronomical # Colors: yellow(most_stars),blue(some_stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # The page contains a circular diagram surmounted by a paragraph # with 3.5 lines (unit "P"). # # The diagram consists of a faint circular outline filled with # 29 randomly placed stars, each with a label (unit "S"). # # At the top and bottom of the diagram, just inside the outline, there # are two smaller circular medallions. # # The top medallion (the Sun) sports a ring of fang-shaped rays. # Inside it is the face of a woman, with short curly hair and # crossed eyes; and three voynichese words (unit "X"). # # The bottom medallion is framed by a circular band with some text # (unit "Y"). Inside the frame is the face of a man(?), also with # crossed eyes, apparently with short hair and a "frame" beard, both # dark. # # Comments: # # The two medallions presumably represent the Sun and Moon. Compare # this diagram with the following one (f68r2), which is visible at # the right when the foldout is open. # {$I=A $Q=I $P=F} # Last edited on 1998-10-20 01:11:17 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Moon over Sun" # Page: f68r2 = IF (Rene) = p124 (Stolfi) # Folio: f68 # Panels: f68r2 # Bifolio: bI1 = f67+f68 # Quire: I (Rene) = IX (Beinecke) # # This is the second-innermost recto panel of an eight-panel fold-out. # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: A (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: astronomical # Colors: yellow(most_stars),blue(some_stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # A circular diagram centered on the page, surmounted by a paragraph # with 5.0 lines (unit"P"). The bottom line is interrupted by the # diagram. # # The diagram is framed by a large ring of 23 unlabeled stars. The # ring is divided into two arcs with 11 stars on the left, 12 on the # right. # # The starry ring is filled with 36 stars of various sizes, all bigger # than the border stars, randomly placed. Of them, 24 (perhaps 25) # have a label (unit "S"). # # At the top, within the large circle, is a smaller circle with a # human face and moon-like shadow in the middle, and a ring of # Voynich text around the circumference (unit "U"). The moon has a human face # with neutral expression. # # At the bottom, within the large circle, is a smaller circle with a # sun in the middle and a ring of Voynich text around the # circumference (unit "L"). The sun has a human face, with some hair # over the temple. # # Comments: # # The two medallions presumably represent the Sun and Moon. Compare # this diagram with the previous one (f68r1), which is visible at # the left when the foldout is open. # {$I=A $Q=I $P=G} # Last edited on 1998-10-20 01:12:41 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "The Pleiades" # Page: f68r3 = IG (Rene) = p125 (Stolfi) # Folio: f68 # Panels: f68r3 + f68r4 # Bifolio: bI1 = f67+f68 # Quire: I (Rene) = IX (Beinecke) # # This page comprises the two outermost recto panels (f68r3 and f68r4) # of an eight-panel fold-out. # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: A (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: astronomical # Colors: yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # A circular diagram, centerd on the page. The diagram is framed by # a band of text (unit "C1") between two faint mechanically drawn # circles, with no distinguished gap. # # At the center there is a bored-looking round face, surrounded by a # band of text (unit "C2"). # # The space between the inner and outer bands is divided into eight # sectors by radial text lines---vertical, horizontal, and at 45 # degrees (unit "R"). All lines read inward, so some are # upside-down. # # Sectors 11:00, 02:00, 05:00, and 08:00 are filled with unnamed stars. # # Sectors 10:00, 01:00, 04:00, and 07:00 contain respectively 1, 2, # 3, and 4 stars, each with a label (unit "X"). Sector 10:00 contains # also a 7-star cluster, with a single label (line "X.1"). # # A curved line ("tail") connects the cluster to the moon at the center; # it too has a label (line "X.2"). # # Comments: # # The face probably represents the Moon. It seems to be a woman. # # The seven-star cluster can only be the Pleiades. So perhaps # "doaro" means "Pleiades" in Voynichese? # {$I=C $Q=I $P=H} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 03:13:51 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Spiral Nebula" # Page: f68v3 = IH (Rene) = p126 (Stolfi) # Folio: f68 # Panels: f68v4, f68v3 # Bifolio: bI1 = f67+f68 # Quire: I (Rene) = IX (Beinecke) # # This page comprises the two outermost verso panels (f68v4 and f68v3) # of an eight-panel fold-out. # # Way p140 # # Newbold XIII, XXI, XXII, who calls it f.68r. Jim Reeds calls it 68v3. # # Roe, 6th September 1993. # Machine translated from transcription in Bennett notation dated 30/03/90. # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: C (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: cosmological # Colors: blue(spickling),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # The page is dominated by a circular diagram, su surmounted by a # paragraph of text (3.5 lines). # # The diagram is framed by a ring of text, between two very faint # mechanically drawn circles. A large gap in the text, with a # decoration element, is very likely the starting point. # # At the center there is a circle framed by another ring of text, # also between two faint circles. The interior is divided into three # parts by an upside-down "T". The top quarters contain a word each; # the bottom half contains three lines of text. The circles and the # "T" are mechanically drawn. # # Surrounding the central circle is an irregular "ocean" with a dotted # texture and a meandering outline. The outline is doubled in places # in a way that suggests a sunken pond, or a shape cut out # from thick cardboard. # # Eight hand-drawn, inward-reading text bands, curved like the # "arms" of a galaxy, connect the outer frame of the diagram with # the center figure. The four arms that start at mid-quadrant merge # into the "ocean", while the other four continue over the ocean and # merge with the inner circle of text, 45 degrees counterclockwise # of their starting point on the outer circle. # # The four arms that connect to the center divide the "ocean" into # four sectors. Each sector contains five unnamed stars, except the # West sector, that has six of them. (The anomaly may have to do with # the fact that one of the six stars is right on top of the fold-out's # crease.) # # Comments: # # The outline of the "galactic bulge" seems to # represent water in other illustrations. Here the ocean's outline is # drawn with a displaced "echo", as if it were a pool, or a thick # puzzle piece. # {$I=A $Q=I $P=I} # Last edited on 1998-10-20 01:48:08 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f68v2 = II (Rene) = p127 (Stolfi) # Folio: f68 # Panels: f68v2 # Bifolio: bI1 = f67+f68 # Quire: I (Rene) = IX (Beinecke) # # This page is the second innermost verso panel of an eight-panel fold-out. # # Brumbaugh p41, called f.68r by him. # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: A (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: astronomical # Colors: blue(lozenge_star),yellow(windmill),blue(some_stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # The page contains a circular diagram, under a paragraph # with 5.0 lines (unit "P"). The last line is interrupted # by the diagram. # # The diagram is framed by a circular band of text (unit "C"), # between two concentric mechanically drawn thin circles. (An # extra-wide gap at 10:30 may be the starting point.) # # At the center there is a figure that looks pretty much like a # flower, with eight almond-shaped petals. The petals have serrated # edges, and overlap randomly. (However some pairs of petals seem to # be fused.) The petals have been painted in a dark color. # # At the very center of this "flower" there is an irregular star, # with twisted rays, in a different color. # # The "flower"'s outline ia an eight-sided star, resembling two # concentric squares rotated 45 degrees apart. From the tips # of each "petal", there sprouts a straight narrow tendril. # Each tendril soon turns into a radial text line, reading outwards # (unit "R"). Some of the text is therefore upside down. # # The eight sectors defined by these rays alternately contain a # bunch of unnamed stars, or two radial labels (unit "S"), collinear # and reading outwards, with a single star between them. Clockwise # from the division at 11:30 there are 9, 1, 8, 1, 9, 1, 9, 1 stars, # i.e. 35 unlabeled ones and 4 labeled ones. The 03:00 sector (with 8 # stars) has a speckled blotch behind and between two stars. # # Comments: # # The small central flower may be the Sun. Or it may represent the # stamens/pistils of the large flower surrounding it. # # The speckles in the 03:00 sector possibly represent a more distant # star cluster. # # The radial lines should probably be read starting from 10:30, at # the gap in the outer text ring. Besides, that ray is the only one # that contains any EVA "p" (two of them). # # {$I=A $Q=I $P=J} # Last edited on 1998-12-26 16:38:12 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f68v1 = IJ (Rene) = p128 (Stolfi) # Folio: f68 # Panels: f68v1 # Bifolio: bI1 = f67+f68 # Quire: I (Rene) = IX (Beinecke) # # This page is the innermost verso panel of an eight-panel fold-out. # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: A (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: astronomical # Colors: blue(vanes),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # The page contains only a circular diagram, framed by two faint # mechanically drawn circles, each surrounded by a ring of text. # # The whole is surrounded by another thin circle, about 1cm further # out, that begins looking mechanically drawn but at some point # wanders off and fails to close on itself, as if the fixed leg of the # compass had skipped a bit. (However, this outermost circle may be a # modern scribble on the copy.) # # A thick radial stroke at 10:30 connects this outermost circle to the # next one, through the gap between two words of the outer text ring. # Another pair of thick radial strokes at 10:00 connects the second # and third circles, breaking the second text ring. # # At the center of the diagram is a sun, with narrow flipped # S-shaped rays and a human face (with neutral expression, straight # hair combed back at the sides, held by a narrow headband with # dots.) # # Surrounding the sun is a "starry windmill": a fat star with # serrated outline, consisting of 16 sectors shaped like narrow # kites, each split radially into a "light" (clockwise) half, with a # dotted line and some small stars, and a "dark" half, painted with # a solid dark color. Clockwise from the 10:00 point, the light # half-sectors contain the following counts of stars: # # 4 4 4 3 4 4 5 6 6 6 7 7 6 5 5 5 # * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * # * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * # * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * # * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * # * * * * * * * * * * # * * * * * * # * * # # All told there are 66 stars. (But the star count of 7 in the 06:30 # sector may be an 8. # # Thin radial lines connect each point of the star to the # inner edge of the frame. The 16 sectors defined by these lines # are alternatingly filled with unnamed stars, or labeled with # a radial text line, reading outwards. Clockwise from the # 10:00 ray, the sectors contain the following counts: # # 8 7 7 8 9 9 8 7 # * * * * * * * * # * * * * * * * * # * * * * * * * * # * * * * * * * * # * * * * * * * * # * * * * * * * * # * * * * * * * * # * * * * * # * * # # There are 63 stars in total. # # There is a comet-tail-like object behind one of the stars in # the 03:00 sector. # # Comments: # # It is not clear whether the "start here" strokes at 10:00-10:30 # are original, or modern guesses scribbled on the copy. If the # latter, then they seem wrong, because those word gaps are quite # ordinary and not aligned. # # Another possible starting place is at 01:15, where both rings have # aligned, extra-wide word breaks. # # On the other hand, the EVA "p" on the the 10:30 radial line suggests # that that is indeed the first line. # # The center figure is probably female. # # Note that the small and large star counts are almost the same (67 # and 63); perhaps 64 was the intended number. Note also that the # small star counts are unimodal. The big star counts would be # unimodal too if the 11:00 sector had 7 stars, or the 09:30 sector # had 8. The latter seems more likely as it would have bumped the # number of big stars to 64. In both sequences the minimum is around # 01:10 (the aligned breaks!) and the maximum around 07:00. # # The "tail" in the 03:00 sector may mean that one of the stars is a comet. # # {$I=C $Q=J $P=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-20 03:49:20 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f69r = JA (Rene) = p129 (Stolfi) # Folio: f69 # Panels: f69r # Bifolio: bJ1 = f69+f70 # Quire: J (Rene) = X (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: C (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: cosmological # Colors: green-blue(pipes),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # The page contains a circular diagram, under a single paragraph # (unit "P") with 3.9 lines. # # The diagram is bounded by a faint mechanically drawn circle. Just # inside it is a circular band of text (unit "C"), reading clockwise. # This text is divided into 16 sectors; see below for details. # # Most of the area inside the diagram is occupied by a flower-like # figure. The core of the flower is a thin mechanically drawn # circle, containing a star with six narrow, pointed arms. Each arm # has three coloured bands near the point. # # The rays of the star divide the interior of the circle into six # unequal sectors, each labeled with a Voynichese letter (unit "W"). # There is no obvious starting place. # # Surrounding the central disk is a band of text (unit "S"), with a # discernible gap at 10:00. Surrounding the text is another thin # mechanically drawn circle, slightly eccentric. # # Sprouting from the second circle are 45 thin radial lines ("flower # stalks"), extending almost all the way to the outer text band, each # of them terminating in an object that looks like a shallow conical # cup (perhaps a stylized flower, resembling a California poppy). # The "flowers" touch each other, forming a continuous ring. # # The 45 sectors defined by the flower stalks are alternatingly # "empty" and filled with 22 radial lines of text (unit "R"), # reading outwards. This leaves two adjacent empty sectors at 02:00. # The first of these two empty sectors (going clockwise) is cut by # an extra radial line that passes between the two flower cups and # extends all the way to the outer circle. The clockwise half of # this sector is is decorated with abstract patterns. # # Some of the "empty" sectors have a stripe of dark paint, displaced # to one side. There are 12 dark stripes, starting with the 3rd # sector after the decorated "marker", and then spaced # # 2,4,4,2,4,6,2,4,6,2,4 # # sectors apart (always clockwise). # # The space between the "ring of flowers" and the outer circle is # divided into sixteen sectors by another set of radial lines, thin # and wavy. These lines divide the outer band of text into sixteen # phrases, each containing a few whole words. One of these lines is # the extra radial line at 02:00, that defined the decorated band. # The other fifteen lines start at the flower ring, either between # two adjacent flowers (13 cases) or at the middle of a flower (2 # cases). These lines thus divide the "flower ring" too into # sections, which, clockwise from the "start marker" line contain # # 2, 2, 2.5, 3.5, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3.5, 3.5, 3, 3, 2, 3 # # flower cups. # # Comments: # # The dark stripes in some sectors may have been the result of the # hypothetical "Dark Painter" mistaking the spaces between the # radial lines by solid cylinders, and tried to shade them # accordingly. Unfortunately that "obvious" interpretation is # excluded when one looks closely at how the radial lines connect to # the "cups". Of course the "shadows" have made the error easier to # make. # # There is no obvious place to start reading the letters between # the star arms; but if one starts at 11:00 (the smallest sector) # the letters spell out "dolsedy"; which may be an unexpected # splitting of "dolshdy", a rather common word. # # The radial lines and the outer text probably start at the # decorated band at 02:00. On the other hand, the decorated band may # be just a filler addded to patch up a mistake (the attempt to fit # an alternating pattern into an odd number of sectors). # {$I=C $Q=J $P=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-20 04:22:18 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f69v = JB (Rene) = p130 (Stolfi) # Folio: f69 # Panels: f69v # Bifolio: bJ1 = f69+f70 # Quire: J (Rene) = X (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: C (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: cosmological # Colors: blue,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # The page contains only a circular diagram, framed by four faint # circles alternating with three bands of text (unit "C"). There is # a conspicuous extra-wide break in all three bands at 10:45. There # are also a couple of 'double space'd gaps in all three rings at # about 12:00, not quite aligned, following the first few words on # each ring. # # In the middle of the diagram there is a colored disk filled with # tiny stars, with one large star at the center, whose slender rays # extend to the disk's perimeter. # # Sprouting radially from the disk are 28 cylindrical objects # ("logs"), alternatingly long and short, extending about halfway to # the outer frame. Each log has a label (unit "L"), which reads # radially inward along the log's axis. # # {$I=C $Q=J $P=C} # Last edited on 1998-10-20 04:57:57 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f70r1 = JC (Rene) = p131 (Stolfi) # Folio: f70 # Panels: f70r1 # Bifolio: bJ1 = f69+f70 # Quire: J (Rene) = X (Beinecke) # # This page is the innermost recto panel of a six-panel fold-out. # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: C (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: cosmological # Colors: yellow,blue (Reeds) # # Description: # # The page contains only a circular diagram, framed by three faint # mechanically drawn circles and three rings of text (unit "C"). # # The first ring of text lies just inside circle #1 (the outermost # one). Only the top half of the ring is filled, and mostly with # dots and circles; the text proper is only a couple of words. # # Text rings #2 and #3 lie just outside circles #2 and #3. There are # extra-wide word gaps at about 10:30, not aligned, and smaller but # aligned gaps at 01:30. # # Inside the frame there is a textured and lightly-colored disk, # whose outline is broken by nine features with frilled edges that # resemble fat mushrooms, or squashed cauliflowers, or sea anemones # without tentacles, or... um... well.... # # Between the text frame and the "mushroom thing" there are nine # radial phrases (unit "Y"), each with two or three words, reading # inwards, starting near the frame and ending in the notch between # two consecutive "mushrooms". # # At the center of the diagram there us a star with six slender arms, # inscribed in a circle with many short and rounded fingers. # Between the star arms there are six labels (unit "X"), reading inwards. # # A faint straight radial line extends from the 10:30 arm and # bisects the corresponding mushroom (which happens to be the # smallest one). # # Just outside the many-fingered disk there is a ring of text # (unit "I"). Its starting point seems to be the radial line at 10:30. # # Comments: # # The starting point of the outer ring is probably at the aligned gaps # at 01:30, although the person who scribbled on the copy seemed # to prefer the non-aligned gaps at 10:30. # # The starting point of the outer labels may be at 01:30 too, since # that label has a "p" gallows. Another possibility is the label at # 10:30, just counterclockwise of the smalest "mushroom" (and of its # bisecting line). # # John Grove thinks that the labels were written counter-clockwise # as those that are upside down are the ones between 6:00-1:00. # {$I=C $Q=J $P=D} # Last edited on 1998-10-20 05:35:19 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f70r2 = JD (Rene) = p132 (Stolfi) # Folio: f70 # Panels: f70r2, f70r3 # Bifolio: bJ1 = f69+f70 # Quire: J (Rene) = X (Beinecke) # # This page spans the two outer recto panels of a six-panel fold-out. # The outermost one (f70r3) is only half as wide as a normal panel. # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: C (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: astronomical # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # The first panel (f70r2 proper) contains a circular diagram framed # by four rings of text (unit "C") between two faint mechanically # drawn circles. There are two faint radial strokes at 10:00, breaking the two # outer rings, and one at 09:05, breaking the two inner rings. # # The second (half-)panel contains a paragraph with 13.7 lines of text # (unit "P"), part of which spans the fold between the two panels. # # Inside the diagram's frame is an eight-pointed flower (or chubby # star), with serrated outline. A narrow channel or stem connects # the tip of each of the star arms to the frame. # # Inside the flower there is a sun, containing a ring of text (unit # "I"), and inside it a human (woman's?) face with crossed eyes and # smooth light hair. The sun has eight S-shaped rays directed along # the star's arms, interleaved with eight long spikes with a bulbous # base, each touchng the diagram's frame. # # Comments: # # Speculation is that the two inner circles are one paragraph since # they share the single line marker at 09:05, and the two outermost # are another paragraph since they share the double line marker at # 10:00. # # However those lines may be modern guesses. The aligned gaps # at 12:00 on the two outer rings and at 06:00 on the two inner rings # are equally plausible. # {$I=Z $Q=J $P=E} # Last edited on 1998-11-02 07:51:57 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Pisces" # Page: f70v2 = JE (Rene) = p133 (Stolfi) = 135 (Reeds) # Folio: f70 # Panels: f70v2 # Bifolio: bJ1 = f69+f70 # Quire: J (Rene) = X (Beinecke) # # This page spans the two outer verso panels of a six-panel fold-out. # The outermost panel is narrower than normal panels. # # Newbold calls this 70r. # Figure 26 on page 172 of Levitov's book. # # Roe, 8th September 1993 # Machine translated from a transcription in Bennett notation of 16/04/90 # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: Z (Rene), zod (Stolfi) # Subject: zodiac # Colors: green,blue,red(sparingly,mouths),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # Three concentric rings of text (units "R1" through "R3", inner to # outer), each bounded by a pair of faint, mechanically drawn # circles. # # Just outside the innermost ring of text there is a narrow band of # abstract decoration (Greek-like meanders, notched strips, # hatching, etc., and "notched square" motifs), delimited by another # mechanical circle. # # One can see a small portion (the Northwest quarter, mostly) of # another mechanical circle, just inside the middle ring of text. # This arc of circle appears to bound, and even clip, the "nymph" # drawings inside it (see below). # # In the centre of the diagram there are two fish, the top one # facing West, the bootom one facing East. Each fish has a long, # smooth, pointed snout (vaguely like a tapir's) and horizontal # mouth (the top fish is smiling, the other is sad). The body is # slender like a sturgeon's, with four rows of coarse scales. # To the body are attached a triangular tail, pectoral and ventral fins # (presumably paired), and two short dorsal fins (one just behind # the head, one 2/3 of the way to the tailfin). The tailfin is lobed # and divided into "feathers", like a bird's tail. # # There is a seven-pointed star above the fish, with a Voynichese # label (unit "C"); and another one below, unlabeled. Between the # two fish there is a word in non-Voynich script, whose strokes # seem thicker and more angular than the Voynichese label above. # # Two thin threads connect the fishes' mouths to the top star. The # threads merge just below the star, and connect to it between its # two lower rays. Both threads run clockwise; the lower one passing # below the fishes, thickens shortly after leaving the fish's mouth, # and at its lowest point it sends off a branch that connects to the # highest ray of the bottom star. # # Between the inner and middle rings of text there is a broad band # containing 10 human figures or "nymphs", each coming out of a # horizontal cylinder. These cylinders look like sections of # drainage pipe, with flanges at both ends (cf. f78r). All # cylinders, except the one at 11:00, open counterclockwise, and the # nymphs face in the same direction. The nymphs have most of their # legs inserted horizontally into the "pipes", but bend quite # unnaturaly, bacwards or sideways, so that their torso is upright # (i.e. radial, with the head outwards). # # Between the middle and the outer text rings are 19 (not 20) # nymphs. All are standing (radially, with the head outwards); all # are in frontal view, or slightly turned towards the clockwise # direction. Each of these nymphs is inside an upright barrel or # basket, reaching up to her waist (with only a couple of # exceptions). In proportion to the nymph, the barrel is about two # feet wide, and has a "lip" a couple of inches wide. All barrels # are decorated with various abstract patterns---stripes, hatchings, # circles, waves, etc.. The base of the barrel is hidden by the text # band. The four nymphs at the top, between 11:00 and 01:00 are # smaller and more cramped than the rest (and so are their barrels). # # All figures are naked, and seem to be female: all have (or may # have) full breasts, and many have visible nipples. (But the inner # nymph at 09:00 seems to have nipples below her breasts.) # # There is a star (or flower) next to each nymph, supported by a # wire-like tail---sometimes straight, sometimes S-shaped. All inner # nymphs except 10:00, 09:00, 08:00 are holding their stars by the # "tails". All other nymphs have their hands hidden inside the # barrels, and the star tails are coming out of the containers or # cylinders. # # Each of the 29 figures is labeled with a ``word'' or phrase of # Voynich text (text units "S1" and "S2", inner and outer bands). # The spacing suggests the label is always placed at the right (i.e. # clockwise) of the corresponding nymph. # # The following table summarizes the nymph attributes. The "spos" # column says whether the star is placed clockwise ("cw") or # counterclockwise ("ccw") of the nymph; for inner nymphs that is # also the direction where the tube is open. The "hold" column says # whether the nymph is holding the star (by a ray, or by the tail if # present). The "brst" column tells whether the nymph has visible # female breasts. # # band label place brst spos tail hold notes # ----- ----- ----- ---- --- ---- ---- ---------------------- # inner S1.1 11:30 ? cw no yes # inner S1.2 00:15 ? ccw no yes right arm raised # inner S1.3 01:30 ? ccw yes yes? # inner S1.4 03:00 yes ccw yes yes # inner S1.5 04:15 yes ccw yes yes # inner S1.6 05:30 yes ccw no no # inner S1.7 06:15 yes ccw no yes # inner S1.8 07:30 ? ccw no ? on top of fold # inner S1.9 09:00 yes ccw yes no nipples under breasts? # inner S1.10 10:15 ? ccw yes no # # outer S2.1 11:30 no cw yes no smaller # outer S2.2 11:45 no cw yes no smaller # outer S2.3 00:15 yes cw yes no smaller # outer S2.4 00:30 yes cw yes no smaller # outer S2.5 01:00 yes cw yes no # outer S2.6 01:30 yes cw yes no # outer S2.7 02:00 yes cw yes no # outer S2.8 02:45 yes cw yes no # outer S2.9 03:30 yes cw yes no # outer S2.10 04:15 no cw yes no male? # outer S2.11 04:45 yes cw yes no # outer S2.12 05:30 yes cw yes no # outer S2.13 06:30 yes cw yes no # outer S2.14 07:00 no cw yes no # outer S2.15 07:45 yes cw yes no # outer S2.16 08:30 yes cw yes no # outer S2.17 09:30 yes cw yes no # outer S2.18 10:15 yes cw yes no # outer S2.19 10:45 yes cw yes no # # Comments: # # STYLE AND LAYOUT # # Although the nypmhs are a bit awkwards and deformed, it looks as # if this drawing was done with more care than the other "Zodiac" # diagrams. (However, this impression may be due simply to better # preervation or reproduction.) # # The fishes look quite realistic, except for the mouths. However # they may have been "invented" rather than copied from real models. # # The barrels in the outer group are not well drawn; the sides are # neither parallel nor radial (i.e.vertical), especially in the one # at 10:45. The perspective is not quite correct ---the top is # tilted too much towards the viewer, and in four cases (05:30, # 06:30, 10:15, 10:45) it is drawn as an eye, not an ellipse. The # decoration however curves around the barrel, as it should. # # It seems that the artist planned to add another band of decoration # just inside the middle text ring. He/she lightly sketched the # inner bounding circle of that band, and carefully avoided it while # drawing the inner nymphs from 08:00 to 01:00. (By the way, this # explains why the nymph at 07:30 has her face crammed against the # fold.) But the nymphs from 01:00 to 08:00 overflowed that circle # (perhaps because it was too faint in those parts), and the band # was left undecorated. # # From the kinks in the circles, and the appearance of figures and # text near the fold, its seems that the fold was already present # when the drawing was made. # # THE FISH EMBLEM # # The two fish are obviously the astrological symbol for Pisces, # which is February 20th to March 20th. # # Rene Zandbergen [23 Feb 96] reports seeing an illustration of the # Pisces symbol [2] very similar to the center picture of f70v2, in # anatomy and proportions. # # Rene [14 Mar 1997] notes that whenever there are two things in a # zodiac symbol (Cancer, Libra), or two copies of a diagram (Taurus, # Aries), one is light and the other is dark; but pisces is an # exception. (But "dark" and "light" may be just reproduction noise; # we should look at the original colors.) # # THE "MONTH NAME" # # The word between the fish could be "(m|n)((a|ci)(v|r)|w)(c|g)" in # Latin script, and is traditionally read "mars". Mars is French for # March. The first letter resembles the last letter of # (the "michiton" line). # # THE CENTRAL STARS # # Don Latham [25 Apr 1997] notes that the star must be al-rischa # (the rope-knot) from his constellation atlas. [The label is # "otolal" in the best transcription.] Rene [5 Jan 1998] reports # howeer that "alrischa" is a late assignment. # # Mark Sulla [26 Apr 1997] adds that # # Hipparchos and Ptolemy called it "sundesmos ton ikhthuon" or # "ton linon". Cicero et al called it "nodus", or "nodus # caelestis" and "nodus piscium" Pliny called it the "commissura # Piscium" The Almagest called it "nodus duorum filorum". The # asterism of the threads was variously called "vincla", # "alligamentum" "linteum" or "luteum". Hevelius subdivided it # into the "linum boream" and "austrinum". [1] # # Rene [28 Apr 1997] observes however that the label need not be the # name, it could be some indication of its position: X deg Y min. He # also notes that alrischa belongs with the *constellation* of # Pisces, not the *sign*. # # Rene [28 Apr 1997] suggests that Polaris would be a possible # candidate for the star, on account of its distinguished position # in the VMS. Don Latham [] objects, why should Polaris be in # Pisces? # # Denis Mardle [28 Apr 97] notes that "otolal" does not seem to # occur in his files, but "otalal" does occur on , # , , , , # . # # THE TEXT RINGS # # According to Denis Mardle [14 Mar 97], the nymphs in tubes suggest # that the diagram should be read from the inside out. # (Unfortunately most text unit have been numbered the other way...) # # Denis also observes [14 Mar 97] that a line through the two stars # in the center points 11:00, and goes through the only inner nymph # who is facing clockwise. Stolfi [here] thinks that the odd nymph # was reversed so as to face the 12:00 gap, and the 12:00 nymph # (with oustretched arm), because that is the "important" place in # that band. # # THE NYMPHS # # Stolfi [11 Aug 1998] observes that f70v2 seems to go against the # general trend of the Zodiac section: as one goes from Aries to # Sagittarius, the nymphs get progressivley less clothed and more # exposed. So perhaps f70v2 was drawn after Aries. # # Rene [14 Mar 1997] thinks that the nymphs coming out of tubes # strongly suggest birth (whether it be a person or the cosmos). On # the other hand, the disappearance of the barrels in subsequent # diagrams may be simply a result of the artist becoming more hasty. # # Rene [14 Mar 1997] suggests also that the nymphs in tubes could # be linked with the alchemical concept of creation of a homunculus. # # NYMPH/STAR COUNT # # This folio is exceptional in having only 29 nymphs and stars. Rene # [8 May 1996] suggests that the star in the center may be the # missing 30th star. (But then why not count the other central star, # too?) He also mentions Pietro d'Abano, a 14th century occultist, # in whose astrological system each sign was divided into 30 "faces" # or parts. # # Robert Firth [note 20] conjectures that the "29" was a mistake, # and the number should have been "30", like all other "months". # But that is the Pharaonic Egyptian calendar; why would anyone # revive it? # # Stolfi [here] thinks the artist had planned to draw 20 nymphs in the # outer band, by drawing 4 small ones at the top, then 4 more in each of # the four quadrants. This he did in the first three quadrants, going # clockwise; but then he got confused (perhaps by the fold), and drew only # 3 nymphs in the last quadrant, from 09:00 to 12:00. # # THE STAR LABELS # # Denis Mardle [27 Mar 97] notes that 16 of the star labels start # with EVA "ok", 8 start with "ot", 2 start with "yt" --- and yet all # are different. # # Denis also notes that S1.13 and S1.14 both occur on Libra, f72v1. # Robert Firth [note 07] observes similarities between the nymph # labels on f72v2 and those in the Biological page f82v. # # WHY PISCES? # # Guy Thibault [4 Mar 1996] finds it strange that the VMS zodiac # begins with Pisces, instead of Aries as is usual in astrology. # Robert Firth [note 20] observes that the Egyptian year began in # our July, with the heliacal rising of Sirius. # # Dan Moonhawk Alford [4 Mar 1996] and Adams Douglas [29 Apr 1997] # note that Pisces is actually astronomically correct (and has been # for many centuries). But Robert asks --- why, alone of all works # of Western astrology, is the Voynich Zodiac true to the stars? # # Rayman Maleki [08 Sep 1997] says that a 15th century rebirth of # astrology and medicine gave Pisces astrological control over the # body. Pictures from this time often have a person standing firmly # on the fish. He mentions a drawing of an apothecary shop in Prague # that had two fish as symbol on the sign. # # Rayman [08 Sep 1997] suggests that, alternatively, Pisces may be # the beginning of the planting year. Or the VMS may be a reading # for someone born in Pisces. Rene [17 Jul 1998] proposes as a # possible VMs author a certain George of Trebizond, who "had a firm # belief in astrology and wrote that his fated life was controlled # by his birth in the sign of Pisces." Moreover, he was once jailed # because of his `libido'. # # Glen Claston [25 Feb 1998] says that he saw EVA "&169" used as a # power seal symbol related to Pisces, in a book on Honorius in an # occult shop, but the book gave no reference to its origin. # (Honorius was 13th? century but all related symbols in the # paperback were 14th century.) # # Rene [21 Apr 1997] and Denis [24 Apr 97] mention a set of # conjuntions of Saturn and Jupiter in 1464, 1524 and 1583 in # Pisces; the 1524 was believed to announce a terrible deluge # because of the watery sign. # # ZODIAC, OR SOMETHING ELSE? # # Guy Thibault [4 Mar 1996] suggests that the signs could stand for # years in the life of an individual, and each nymph for a month; # and that the "kings' and "queens" could be real historical people. # The 9 nymphs in tubes of this picture could be the 9 months in the # womb. Robert Firth [note 07] proposes a similar idea - that the # "zodiac" is a list of "lucky" and "unlucky" days. # # Rene [8 Mar 1996] takes up Guy's suggestion and estimates that the # individual shoudl have been 25-30 years old at the time of # writing, or died at that age. But there are 10, not 9 nymphs in # horizontal tubes, so this period is more likely post-natal than # pre-natal. As for kings and queens, he mentions that Agrippa's # sister became queen of Navarre... # # References: # # [1] "Star Names, their Lore and Meaning", Dover, Richard Hinckley # Allen, p. 342 (re: Al Rischa). # # [2] "The history of private life", volume 2 of 5. The caption says # "`La Manekine' which is in the Cambrai Library" (that should be # Cambrai in France). # {$I=Z $Q=J $P=F} # Last edited on 1998-11-02 03:18:15 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Aries dark" # Page: f70v1 = JF (Rene) = p134 (Stolfi) # Folio: f70 # Panels: f70v1 # Bifolio: bJ1 = f69+f70 # Quire: J (Rene) = X (Beinecke) # # This page is the innermost verso panel of a six-panel fold-out. # # Plate 1 of Tiltman's article. # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: Z (Rene), zod (Stolfi) # Subject: zodiac # Colors: green(touches),yellow(touches) (Reeds) # # Description: # # A circular diagram defined by three narrow concentric bands, each # delimited by two faint, mechanically drawn circles. # # The innermost band is quite narrow, and empty. The middle and # outer bands contain each a ring of text, reading clockwise. The # text in the middle band (unit "R1") has a slightly wider word gap # at 06:00, and is interrupted at 08:30 by a black irregular spot. # (The same spot appears on the facing page f71r, quod videt.) The # text in the outer band (unit "R2") has a noticeably wider word gap # at 03:45. Both rings are penetrated at 10:30 by "stars"---see # below). # # Inside the innermost band is a four-legged, hoofed animal # resembling a beardless goat. The animal has short fur # (dark-colored), sharp horns that curve packwards, and a short and # chubby tail. It also seems to have a crest of short hairs running # along the spine, from head to tip of tail. # # The animal is nibbling at a bush, standing on a scalloped (rocky?) # ground. Below the animal's belly is a non-Voynichese word. # # In the broad space between the ouer and middle bands there are 10 # human figures, or "nymphs"; and 5 more in the space between the # middle and inner bands---or 15 nymphs in total. Each nymph is # standing (radially, with the head outwards) in frontal view, or # slightly turned towards the corresponding "star" (see below). All # nymphs look female; most have prominent breasts, and the two # exceptions (in frontal view) are rather poorly drawn, so the lack # of breasts is not conclusive. # # Some of the nymphs are dressed, but the nipples and body outline # often show threough the dress. Most nymphs, even naked ones, wear # some kind of headgear (hat, veil, diadem, etc.) # # Every nymph is standing inside an upright cylindrical container or # "barrel". In proportion to the nymph, the barrel is about two feet # wide, and has a "lip" a couple of inches wide. It usually reaches # up to the nymph's pelvis---sometimes bit lower, sometimes up to # her chest. Most of the barrels are decorated with distinctive # patterns of bars, dots, hatchings, circles, scales, etc.; but two # barrels have only a ring of dots, near the top edge, and three are # undecorated. The base of the barrel is hidden by the text band. # # Each nymph has a star or flower by her head; usually on the # clockwise side, with four exceptions (inner 00:00, 02:30, 05:00, # and outer 03:30). Some stars have wire-like tails or stems. The # star at 10:30 in the inner band has a thicker, distinctive tail, # like a banded snake. Moreover, the two stars at 10:30 (inner and # outer) intrude slightly into the surrounding text ring. # # Some nymphs are holding their stars (by a ray or by the tail); # others are pointing at them; and some have both hands on the hips, # usually hidden by the barrel. # # Between every two nymphs there is a one- or two-word label (units # "S1" and "S2"), reading clockwise. From the spacing, it would seem # that every label refers to the preceding nymph, going clockwise. # # The following table summarizes the nymph and star attributes. The # "spos" column gives the position of the star relative to the # nymph: "cw" if clockwise, "ccw" if counterclockwise. The "deco" # column tells whether the barrel has "full" decoration, or just a # ring of "dots", or "no" decoration at all. The "dres" and "brst" # columns say whether the nymph is dressed and has visible female # breasts, respectively. The "hold" column says whether the nymph is # holding the star (by a ray, or by the tail if present). # # band label place deco dres brst spos tail hold notes # ------ ----- ----- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ------------------ # inner S1.1 10:30 full no ? cw yes no? striped star tail # inner S1.2 00:00 full no yes ccw yes no # inner S1.3 02:30 dot yes ? ccw yes no # inner S1.4 04:00 no yes no ccw yes no # inner S1.5 08:00 dot yes yes cw yes no # # outer S2.1 10:30 no no ? cw yes yes thicker star tail # outer S2.2 00:00 no no yes cw no yes # outer S2.3 01:30 full yes no cw yes no # outer S2.4 02:45 full yes no cw no yes # outer S2.5 03:45 full yes ? ccw yes no # outer S2.6 04:45 full yes yes cw yes no # outer S2.7 05:45 dot yes yes cw yes no # outer S2.8 07:00 full no yes cw yes no # outer S2.9 08:00 full yes yes cw no yes # outer S2.10 09:00 full no yes cw no yes # # There is a mark "10^{mg}" at the lower right corner of the page. # It is certainly a gathering mark (quire number), "10th" in # abbreviated Latin. # # Comments: # # STYLE AND LAYOUT # # The ram/goat is drawn very skillfully and looks quite realistic, # except that the way its front legs bend looks wrong. (But I am # a city boy, what do I know...) # # The barrels are drawn rather poorly: better than those of f71r # (Aries light) but worse than those of f70v2 (Pisces). The width # and height are quite variable. The perspective is minimally # correct, but the top of the barrel is tilted at varying angles # relative to the observer, from near edge-on (outer 08:00) to # almost face-on (inner 02:30). In three cases (outer 02:45 and # 03:45, inner 08:00) the top is rendered as an eye, not an ellipse. # # The pattern on the inner barrel at 00:00 is rather peculiar. # Unlike the other patterns it is neither symmetric nor repeating; # it looks rather like a cubist painting. It looks as if the barrel # is made of glass, so that the nymph's legs and hands are showing # through. (Perhaps the pattern was drawn to hide a mistake, or # an artistic failure?) # # THE CENTRAL EMBLEM # # The central figure is widely believed to be a symbol of the sign # Aries. The word below the animal could be "ab**il" in the Latin # alphabet. It is traditionally read as some variant of the month # name "April". Aries goes from ??? to ???. # # THE TEXT RINGS # # There is no obvious starting place for the text rings. The wider # breaks at 04:00 (outer) and 06:00 (inner) are not aligned, and do # not seem to be natural choices for starting the text. The binding # gutter at 03:00 is not it either, as the text was visibly squeezed # to fit in that part of the ring. # # The most likely starting places, IMHO, are the places at 10:45 # where the stars intrude into the text bands. Note that the inner # star has the special striped "tail", and the outer star is being # held high up by the nymph. (However, the first star enters just # before a "daiin", and the second one under a word; so there is # reason to doubt.) # # THE NYMPHS # # Either the dresses are meant to be transparent, or they were added # later, in an attempt to mask the naked bodies. # # THE LABELS # # The outer label at 08:30 () reads "otshshdy" in standard EVA. # The two "sh" have quite different plumes---the first one is a closed # drop-like loop, the second is a open hook. # {$I=Z $Q=K $P=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-29 18:30:05 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Aries light" # Page: f71r = KA (Rene) = p135 (Stolfi) # Folio: f71 # Panels: f71r # Bifolio: bK1 = f71+f72 # Quire: K (Rene) = XI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: Z (Rene), zod (Stolfi) # Subject: zodiac # Colors: green,yellow,blue,red (Reeds) # # Description: # # A circular diagram defined by six faint mechanically drawn # concentric circles, forming three narrow bands. The two outer bands # each contain a ring of text, broken by a decorated section in each # band, at 10:00. # # In the center there is an animal resembling a beardless goat, # light-colored, nibbling at a bush, standing on a scalloped (rocky ?) # ground. below it is a non-voynich word "ab*i*l". # # In the space between the inner and middle bands there are 5 # nymphs, and 10 more in the space between the middle and outer band. # Each nymph is standing inside an upright barrel, with a star or # flower next to her head. Some stars have tails (or stems); some nymphs # are holding their stars, by a ray or by the tail, others are # pointing at them, some have their both hands on the hips. All but one of # the nymphs are heavily dressed, and none have salient breasts or visible # nipples. # # There is a label clockwise from each nymph. # # Comments # # Presumably, the "notched square" devices at 10:30 may be the "start # here" mark of the circular text bands. # # The goat is drawn better than the dark Aries (f70v1), and its legs # bend the right way, unlike those of the light Aries (f71r). The # nymphs (and the barrels), on the other and, are even worse than # those of dark Aries. # # {$I=Z $Q=K $P=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-29 18:31:33 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Taurus light" # Page: f71v = KB (Rene) = p136 (Stolfi) # Folio: f71 # Panels: f71v # Bifolio: bK1 = f71+f72 # Quire: K (Rene) = XI (Beinecke) # # Newbold calls this folio 79. # # Roe, 8th September 1993 # Machine translated from a transcription in Bennett notation of 26/04/90 # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: Z (Rene), zod (Stolfi) # Subject: zodiac # Colors: red(lots),green(some) (Reeds) # # Description: # # Three concentric rings of text, bounded by faint mechanically drawn # circles. A wider gap in the outer ring at 10:30 may be the # starting place. # # In the centre is a horned animal feeding from a manger. Below the # bull is the word ``May'' in the Roman alphabet. # # Between the inner ring of text and the middle ring are five human # figures or "nymphs", each standing in a barrel, waist deep, # holding a star. One is naked, four are clothed. The barrel at # 00:00 is ribbed. # # Between the middle ring and the outer ring are 10 human figures, # each in a barrel, waist deep, holding a star. Two are naked, eight # are clothed. # # Most figures have visible breasts. Some have hats. All figures have # their right hand inside the barrel. # # Clockwise from each figure there is a short label. # # Comments: # # The animal at the center is probably a bull, the astrological # symbol for Taurus. Taurus is April 20th to May 20th. # # The general appearance of the page is light, in contrast to the # dark Taurus, f72r1. # {$I=Z $Q=K $P=C} # Last edited on 1998-10-29 18:37:13 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Taurus dark" # Page: f72r1 = KC (Rene) = p137 (Stolfi) # Folio: f72 # Panels: f72r1 # Bifolio: bK1 = f71+f72 # Quire: K (Rene) = XI (Beinecke) # # This page is the innermost recto panel of an eight-panel fold-out. # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: Z (Rene), zod (Stolfi) # Subject: zodiac # Colors: dark-red,green(little),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # Three concentric rings of text, bounded by faint mechanically drawn # circles. There is no obvious starting place. # # In the centre is a horned animal feeding from a manger. Below the # bull is the word ``May'' in the Roman alphabet. # # Between the inner ring of text and the middle ring are 6 human # figures or "nymphs", each holding a star. Five are standing in a # barrel, waist deep; a sixth one is peeking from behind the barrel # at 08:30. All have the right hand inside the barrel, except for # the small one at 08:30 (right hand behind barrel) and the one at # 02:00 (right hand resting on the barrel's edge). The figure inside # the 08:30 barrel is holding a smaller star, lower and closer to # her than the other figures. # # Between the middle ring and the outer ring are 10 human figures, # standing. The one at 00:00 is in frontal view, all others are # in 3/4 view, between frontal and facing clockwise. The one at # 02:30 has the right arm straight back and down; all the others # have the right hand on their hips. # # All the figures are naked. Most have visible breasts. Some have # hats, some have long hair. # # Clockwise from each figure there is a short label. # # Comments: # # The general appearance of the page is dark, in contrast to the # light Taurus, f71v. # # The animal at the center is probably a bull, the astrological # symbol for Taurus. Taurus is April 20th to May 20th. # # [Stolfi] I count 16 nymphs in this page, but other people give the # total as 15. Presumably they are not counting the smaller nymph # without barrel. # # It looks as if the artist decided to add one more figure at the # last minute, and had to improvise... # # {$I=Z $Q=K $P=D} # Last edited on 1998-10-29 21:02:31 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Gemini" # Page: f72r2 = KD (Rene) = p138 (Stolfi) # Folio: f72 # Panels: f72r2 # Bifolio: bK1 = f71+f72 # Quire: K (Rene) = XI (Beinecke) # # This page is the central recto panel of an eight-panel fold-out. # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: Z (Rene), zod (Stolfi) # Subject: zodiac # Colors: green,blue(dress_on_center) (Reeds) # # Description: # # Three concentric rings of text, bounded by faint mechanically drawn # circles. A short radial stroke at 10:30 in the inner ring may be the # starting place. # # In the centre there are two human figures, apparently a man and a woman, # holding each other hands---left in left, below, and right in right, above. # The man wears a wide hat, a shirt with long narrow sleeves, # ring collar, simple belt, a skirt with trimmed edge reaching below the knee, # and boots. The woman wears an elaborate draped dress, with ring collar, # broad sleeves with wrist bands, a small bonnet with long hair or a veil # hanging down her back, and a skirt that drags on the floor. Between # the two figures is a word in the latin alphabet (``Jony'' according to # Robert Firth. # # Between the inner ring of text and the middle ring are 9 naked # human figures or "nymphs", all female, each standing with the # right hand on her hip, holding a star with her left. # # Between the middle ring and the outer ring there are 16 nymphs, # standing, each holding a star with the left hand. Four are clothed, # the rest is naked. Most are definitely women (with visible breasts); # the rest are probably women, or could be. Three of the figures two # of them clothed) are standing on top of horizontal cylinders, # resembling the ones on f70v2. Usualy the right hand is resting on # the hip, but in a couple of cases the right arm is drooping by the # victim's side, or straight down and back, and one figure (at 04:00) # has the arms streched out horizontally. # # Standing on top of the diagram, outside the text circle, are another 5 # naked women, right hand on the hip, each holding a star. # # All figures are drawn in 3/4 view, between frontal and clockwise-facing. # Some of the figures are walking. Some of the figures have hats. # # Clockwise from each figure there is a short label. # # Comments: # # The sign of Gemini, the Twins, has sometimes been represented by a # man and woman. Gemini is ??? to ???. # {$I=Z $Q=K $P=E} # Last edited on 1998-10-31 01:45:09 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Cancer" # Page: f72r3 = KE (Rene) = p139 (Stolfi) # Folio: f72 # Panels: f72r3, f72r4 # Bifolio: bK1 = f71+f72 # Quire: K (Rene) = XI (Beinecke) # # This page spans the two outermost recto panels of an eight-panel # fold-out. (The outermost panel is about 1/3 the width of a normal # one.) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: Z (Rene), zod (Stolfi) # Subject: zodiac # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # (Beware that the scanned image is upside down.) # # Four concentric rings of text (units "C1" through "C4", from # outside in), bounded by eight faint mechanically drawn circles, # roughly centered on the page. Circles 5 and 6 (from the outside) # are spaced apart almost twice as much as the other pairs. The # outermost text ring runs over the crease on the left side of the # panel, and into the diagram of f72r2; for that reason the text is # interrupted between 08:00 and 10:00. The middle ring of text has a # decorated "notched square" at 09:00, and the innermost text ring # has a wider word break at 08:55. # # In the centre there is a pair of lobster-like creatures seen from # above. The one at the top is light-colored and facing East, the # bottom one is dark and facing West. Below them is a non-Voynichese # word, in a heavier hand than the other text in the page. # # The rings of text delimit three circular bands, containing (from # outside in) respectively 12, 11, and 7 human figures or "nymphs", # i.e. 30 in total. There is a label just clockwise of each figure # (text units "Z", "Y", "X", from outside in). # # Some figures are hardly visible due to the poor copy quality. All # figures seem to be naked, except for occasional headgear (hat, # bonnet, diadem, and one crown). They are standing (radially, with # the head outwards), in 3/4 view (between frontal and facing # clockwise). Some have visible breasts, some don't. Most are # holding a star with the right hand; the left hand is generally on # the hip. Some stars have "tails". # # The following table summarizes the nymph and star attributes. Here # "cw" means clockwise, "ccw" counterclockwise. The "brst" column # says whether the figure has visible female breasts. # # band label place tail dir brst notes # ------- ----- ----- ---- --- ---- ------------------------------ # outer Z.1 10:00 yes cw ? # outer Z.2 10:30 yes cw yes # outer Z.3 11:00 yes cw no right hand holding ring? # outer Z.4 00:00 no cw no # outer Z.5 00:45 no cw no # outer Z.6 01:30 yes cw yes # outer Z.7 02:15 yes cw yes # outer Z.8 03:45 yes cw yes # outer Z.9 05:00 yes cw yes # outer Z.10 06:15 yes cw yes # outer Z.11 07:00 no cw yes # outer Z.12 08:00 yes cw ? # # middle Y.1 10:00 yes ccw no # middle Y.2 11:00 yes cw yes # middle Y.3 00:00 no cw ? # middle Y.4 01:00 no cw no # middle Y.5 01:45 yes cw yes # middle Y.6 02:30 no cw ? # middle Y.7 03:15 ? cw yes # middle Y.8 05:00 yes cw yes # middle Y.9 06:30 yes cw yes # middle Y.10 08:00 yes cw yes # middle Y.11 08:45 ? cw yes # # inner X.1 09:30 no cw yes # inner X.2 10:30 no cw yes # inner X.3 00:00 no cw yes # inner X.4 01:15 no cw ? # inner X.5 03:05 yes cw yes crowned # inner X.6 06:00 yes cw yes # inner X.7 07:30 yes cw yes # # Comments: # # The two lobsters are probably a symbol for Cancer. # Cancer is July 7 to August 11 (?). # # Note the switch from two bands of nymphs + overflow (as in f72r2) # to three bands of figures. # # The decorated square suggests the text rings are to be read # starting at 09:00 or so. # {$I=Z $Q=K $P=F} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 03:24:25 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Leo" # Page: f72v3 = KF (Rene) = p140 (Stolfi) # Folio: f72 # Panels: f72v4, f72v3 # Bifolio: bK1 = f71+f72 # Quire: K (Rene) = XI (Beinecke) # # This page spans the two outermost verso panels of an eight-panel # fold-out. (The outermost panel is about 1/3 the width of a normal # one.) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: Z (Rene), zod (Stolfi) # Subject: zodiac # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # [To be checked and completed] # # Three concentric rings of text, deimited by six faint mechanically # drawn circles. The outer and inner rings have wider word gaps # at 08:45. (The middle ring crosses a fold at that point). # # In the centre is an animal resembling a lioness, facing west. The # animal has a very short and sparse mane, and a long tail ending in # a tuft of hair. The tail curved down, between or behind the rear # legs, then up behind body, and then forward. The right front paw # is lifted and points West. The animal has a muzzle similar to that # of the nibbling animal in f???, and is showing a longish, narrow, # pointed tongue. # # Below the lion is a non-Voynichese word, possibly "augst" in # lowercase Latin letters. There may be a dot over the first leg of # the "u". The "s" looks like an uncrossed "f" with a straight # descender. The "t" looks like an EVA "c". # # The three rings of text define two bands containing human figures # (12 in the inner band, 18 in the outer one), all naked, in 3/4 # view (between frontal and facing clockwise). Each figure holds a # star with the left hand. The right hand is generally on the hip. # # All the figures are naked. Most have visible breasts and # shoulder-long hair. # # Clockwise from each figure there is a short label. # # Comments: # # The animal at the center is probably a lion, the astrological # symbol for Leo. Leo is ??? to ???. # {$I=Z $Q=K $P=G} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 07:39:41 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Virgo" # Page: f72v2 = KG (Rene) = p141 (Stolfi) # Folio: f72 # Panels: f72v2 # Bifolio: bK1 = f71+f72 # Quire: K (Rene) = XI (Beinecke) # # This page is the central verso panel of n eight-panel fold-out. # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: Z (Rene), zod (Stolfi) # Subject: zodiac # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # [To be checked and completed] # # Six faint, mostly concentric, mechanically drawn circles delimit # three rings of text. The outer ring crosses the fold into page # f72v3, and runs under that page's diagram, so the text is # interrupted between 08:30 and 09:30. There are notable gaps on the # other two rings at about 09:30. # # The two outermost circles are not exactly concentric, and the # third one doesn't quite close on itself (at 06:30). # # Inside the inner circle there is a woman (with breasts) standing, # wearing a long pleated dress with flaring sleeves, and a hat or # hat-like hairdo. With her right hand she is holding a star, by its tail; # the left hand is empty and half-stretched forward. At her feet there # is a tuft of grass and a daisy-like flower. Above the flower # is a word in a dark, different script (possibly "septe~br" with the # tilde over the "e"). # # Between the bands of text, there are two bands of naked figures # ("nymphs"), 12 in the inner one, 18 in the outer one. Most of them # are clearly female, but some have undefined sex (no breasts but also # no genitals). The inner ring figure at 04:00 is smaller and is # standing on a tub or platform of some sort. # # Each nymph is holding or pointing to a star, some by its tail --- # except for the inner nymph at 00:30, who is just looking at the # star, and the inner nymph at 01:30, who has no star. There is # a label under each star. # # Comments: # # The gaps at 09:30 suggest the text should be read starting from there. # # The way f72v3 overlaps f72v2 indicates that they were drawn in # that order. # # Rene [27 Mar 1996] observes similarities between the zodiac # symbols in the VMs and those in a 1440 german manuscript [1]. Says # in particular that Virgo in that manuscript holds a flower and not # a star. # # Adams Douglas [28 Mar 1996] thinks the star held by the # symbol-woman is Spica, the brightest star in Virgo, usually on the # her head or a sceptre. # # References: # # [1] Manuscript Palat. Lat. 1369. Samples in [2]. # # [2] Fritz Saxl, book about astronomical and astrological images in medieval # manuscripts. # {$I=Z $Q=K $P=H} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 03:25:19 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Libra" # Page: f72v1 = KH (Rene) = p142 (Stolfi) # Folio: f72 # Panels: f72v1 # Bifolio: bK1 = f71+f72 # Quire: K (Rene) = XI (Beinecke) # # This page is the innermost verso panel of an eight-panel fold-out. # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: Z (Rene), zod (Stolfi) # Subject: zodiac # Colors: yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # [To be checked and completed] # # Six faint, mostly concentric, mechanically drawn circles delimit # three rings of text. The outer ring runs right up to the binding # gutter on the right. There may be a wider word gap at 09:00 (but # the image is very poor there). A radial stroke cuts across the # middle ring at 08:30 (may be a modern scribble). # # The two circles that delimit the inner ring of text are quite # irregular. # # Inside the inner ring there is a two-plate balance scale, # slightly offset to the right. The beam is a narrow rectangular # ruler, with a darker stripe running down its middle. The pivot is # not visible, but seems to be fixed at the bottom of an upright # rectangular frame, with a handle or ring on top (partly hidden # under the innermost text ring). A narrow triangular pointer rises # from the beam's midpoint up to the top of the supporting frame. An # object resembling a sliding counterweight seems to be resting over # the beam, a little to the left of the pivot. Each end of the beam # has a thin horizontal extension, from whose tip there hangs a # hemispherical cup with thick walls, supported by three or four # straight threads or wires. # # Below the scale there is a single word in non-Voynich script, # apparently "oct~ebre" in lowercase Latin cursive (with a # tilde or macron over the "te"). # # Between the bands of text, there are two bands of naked figures # ("nymphs"), 10 in the inner one, 20 in the outer one. Most of them # are clearly female (visible breasts, long hair). All nymphs are naked, # mostly in 3/4 view (between frontal and facing clockwise). # # A hole in the vellum, less than 5mm across, covers a small segment # of the middle ring. at 03:00. The preceding word runs up to the # hole, but is apparently whole. A nymph in the inner band, at # 03:15, also has the hair squeezed against the hole. # # The outer nymph at 12:15 wears a crown, consisting of a ring of # flaring triangular points, each with a dot; and a dome with double # outline, topped by a spike or cross (too small to tell). # # Each nymph is holding or pointing to a star. # # There is a Voynichese label just clockwise of each nymph. # # Comments: # # The scale is the standard symbol for the sign of Libra. # Libra is from ??? to ???. # # The stroke at 08:30, if original, suggests that the text should be # read starting from there. # # The way f72v3 overlaps f72v2 indicates that they were drawn in # that order. # # The drawing of the balance is very accurate in all details, in # spite of the relatively crude perspective and technique. It looks # as if the author was very familiar with the instrument. I suspect # that the model may be more appropriate for a druggist than for a # grocer. # # The details of the drawings around the hole suggest that the # hole was already there when the drawing was made. # {$I=Z $Q=L $P=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 03:27:32 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Scorpio" # Page: f73r = LA (Rene) = p143 (Stolfi) # Folio: f73 # Panels: f73r # Bifolio: bL1 = f73+f74 # Quire: L (Rene) = XII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: Z (Rene), zod (Stolfi) # Subject: zodiac # Colors: green(center),yellow(stars),red(lips,some_mouths) (Reeds) # # Description: # # [To be checked and completed] # # Six faint, mostly concentric, mechanically drawn circles delimit # three rings of text. There seem to be no distinguished break # in the text. # # Inside the inner circle is a squat animal. A dark smudge # obliterates most of the animal's body, leaving visible only the # head (roundish, with a wide mouth and two very short and broad # horns) and the tail (that curves up, forward, down, then up # again). Above the animal is a seven-pointed star with a tail that # ends in the animal's mouth. # # Below the animal is an illegible word. # # Between the rings of text, there are two bands of naked figures # ("nymphs"), 10 in the inner one and 16 in the outer one. Four # additional nymphs are standing on top of the outer ring of text. # Most of them are female (with breasts and shoulder-long hair). # # Each nymph is holding or pointing to a star. # # There is a label just clockwise of each nymph. # # Comments: # # {$I=Z $Q=L $P=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 03:27:54 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Sagittarius" # Page: f73v = LB (Rene) = p144 (Stolfi) # Folio: f73 # Panels: f73v # Bifolio: bL1 = f73+f74 # Quire: L (Rene) = XII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: Z (Rene), zod (Stolfi) # Subject: zodiac # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # [To be checked and completed] # # Six faint, mostly concentric, mechanically drawn circles delimit # three rings of text. At 09:30 there is a wider gap in the middle # ring and a radial stroke (a modern scribble on the copy?) cutting # across the outer ring. # # Inside the inner circle is a beardless human figure, apparently # smiling, walking Westward. The figure (possibly, but not # necessarily male) is wearing a hat with round rim and a long veil # or plume falling down the back, to the waist. He also wears a # shirt with ring collar and broad sleeves, closed at the wrist; a # flaring skirt, with heavy pleats, down to knee level; and boots to # mid-leg. # # The figure is holding an armed crossbow, pointing forward and down. # # Between the figure's feet is an almost illegible word, possibly # "oct" in lowercase Latin alphabet (with a "t" resembling EVA "c") # # Between the rings of text, there are two bands of naked figures # ("nymphs"), 10 in the inner one and 16 in the outer one. There # are 4 additional nymphs standing on top of the outer ring of text. # Most of them are female (with breasts and shoulder-long hair). # # Each nymph is holding or pointing to a star. # # There is a label just clockwise of each nymph. # # Comments: # # {$I=M $Q=L $P=C} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 03:36:20 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f74r = LC (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f74 # Panels: f74r # Bifolio: bL1 = f73+f74 # Quire: L (Rene) = XII (Beinecke) # # Missing in the original # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Comments: # # Folio 74 is missing. # {$I=M $Q=L $P=D} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 03:36:11 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f74v = LD (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f74 # Panels: f74v # Bifolio: bL1 = f73+f74 # Quire: L (Rene) = XII (Beinecke) # # Missing in the original # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Comments: # # Folio 74 is missing. # {$I=B $Q=M $P=A $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:42:23 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f75r = MA (Rene) = p145 (Stolfi) # Folio: f75 # Panels: f75r # Bifolio: bM1 = f75+f84 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: biological # Colors: green,blue(some_pipes) (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=B $Q=M $P=B $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 07:50:19 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Ten showers" # Page: f75v = MB (Rene) = p146 (Stolfi) # Folio: f75 # Panels: f75v # Bifolio: bM1 = f75+f84 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: biological # Colors: green,blue(in_awnings,tubes) (Reeds) # # Description: # # Comments: # # {$I=B $Q=M $P=C $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 03:36:15 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f76r = MC (Rene) = p147 (Stolfi) # Folio: f76 # Panels: f76r # Bifolio: bM2 = f76+f83 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # Brumbaugh p114 (reversed). # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (text only) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # A bunch of paragraphs, with a column of letters along the left # margin. # # {$I=B $Q=M $P=D $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 03:37:26 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f76v = MD (Rene) = p148 (Stolfi) # Folio: f76 # Panels: f76v # Bifolio: bM2 = f76+f83 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: biological # Colors: blue,red(rouge_spots) (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=B $Q=M $P=E $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 03:38:00 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f77r = ME (Rene) = p149 (Stolfi) # Folio: f77 # Panels: f77r # Bifolio: bM3 = f77+f82 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: biological # Colors: blue,green,red (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=B $Q=M $P=F $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 03:40:30 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Kidneys and bladder" # Page: f77v = MF (Rene) = p150 (Stolfi) # Folio: f77 # Panels: f77v # Bifolio: bM3 = f77+f82 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # Kahn p865, Kraus XXIX # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: biological # Colors: blue (Reeds) # # Description: # # Ladies in tubes. # {$I=B $Q=M $P=G $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:42:44 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f78r = MG (Rene) = p151 (Stolfi) # Folio: f78 # Panels: f78r # Bifolio: bM4 = f78+f81 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # Newbold plate V, Kraus XXIX, Kraus Autobiog p220 # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: biological # Colors: b,red,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=B $Q=M $P=H $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:43:20 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f78v = MH (Rene) = p152 (Stolfi) # Folio: f78 # Panels: f78v # Bifolio: bM4 = f78+f81 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # B&R p88 # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: biological # Colors: b,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=B $Q=M $P=I $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:43:11 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f79r = MI (Rene) = p153 (Stolfi) # Folio: f79 # Panels: f79r # Bifolio: bM5 = f79+f80 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # B&R p88 # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: biological # Colors: b,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=B $Q=M $P=J $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:43:36 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Mermaid and Big Fish" # Page: f79v = MJ (Rene) = p154 (Stolfi) # Folio: f79 # Panels: f79v # Bifolio: bM5 = f79+f80 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # Guy p212, Bennett p188 (he calls it f 80), Poundstone p193, Zimansky; # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: biological # Colors: b,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=B $Q=M $P=K $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:43:49 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Bathing queens" # Page: f80r = MK (Rene) = p155 (Stolfi) # Folio: f80 # Panels: f80r # Bifolio: bM5 = f79+f80 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # Guy p213 (who calls it f80v), Bennett p189 # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: biological # Colors: blue,red,yellow (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=B $Q=M $P=L $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:43:57 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f80v = ML (Rene) = p156 (Stolfi) # Folio: f80 # Panels: f80v # Bifolio: bM5 = f79+f80 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: biological # Colors: blue,red(one_blotch) (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=B $Q=M $P=M $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:44:16 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f81r = MM (Rene) = p157 (Stolfi) # Folio: f81 # Panels: f81r # Bifolio: bM4 = f78+f81 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # Brumbaugh p9, Harper's; ``hot tubs'' # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: biological # Colors: green,blue(some),red (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=B $Q=M $P=N $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:45:19 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f81v = MN (Rene) = p158 (Stolfi) # Folio: f81 # Panels: f81v # Bifolio: bM4 = f78+f81 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: biological # Colors: green (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=B $Q=M $P=O $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-11-23 04:06:10 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f82r = MO (Rene) = p159 (Stolfi) # Folio: f82 # Panels: f82r # Bifolio: bM3 = f77+f82 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: biological # Colors: blue,green,red(touch) (Reeds) # # Description: # # The page contains two blocks of text, surrounded and separated by # three figures. # # The upper block of text contains a single paragraph (text unit # "P1") with 8.8 lines, justified top and left; its right side is # defined by an illustration. Another part of the same illustration # also interrupts the first 5 lines down the middle. The lower block # contains two paragraphs with 8.0 and 13.5 lines, separated by a # right-justified half-line of text (a "title"). The block is # justified on the left, its right boundary is irregular and partly # defined by the figure. # # The top figure consists of two nymphs, near the NW and NE of the # page; a "vessel" in the middle; and tubes connecting these three # elements across the top margin of the page. The NW nymph has a # diadem and is standing inside "cup", which is decorated with rings # of dots, knobs, and hoops, and tapers down to nothing. The nymph # has her hand inside an arched tube that ends in the "central # vessel", shose shape is similar to the nymph's "cup". The NE nymph # is standing inside a large, smooth tube, that bends to the rigth # and exits the page. It too has her hand inside an arched tube that # ends in the "central vessel". # # [to be completed] # # Comments: # # {$I=B $Q=M $P=P $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:44:37 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f82v = MP (Rene) = p160 (Stolfi) # Folio: f82 # Panels: f82v # Bifolio: bM3 = f77+f82 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # Brumbaugh p104; B's allegorical reproduction # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: biological # Colors: red,blue,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=B $Q=M $P=Q $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:44:47 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f83r = MQ (Rene) = p161 (Stolfi) # Folio: f83 # Panels: f83r # Bifolio: bM2 = f76+f83 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: biological # Colors: red,blue,tan (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=B $Q=M $P=R $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:45:13 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f83v = MR (Rene) = p162 (Stolfi) # Folio: f83 # Panels: f83v # Bifolio: bM2 = f76+f83 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: biological # Colors: red,green,blue (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=B $Q=M $P=S $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:45:27 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Covered pool" # Page: f84r = MS (Rene) = p163 (Stolfi) # Folio: f84 # Panels: f84r # Bifolio: bM1 = f75+f84 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # Newbold VI, Zimansky; Public baths # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: biological # Colors: green,blue,red (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=B $Q=M $P=T $L=B $H=2} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 03:50:36 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f84v = MT (Rene) = p164 (Stolfi) # Folio: f84 # Panels: f84v # Bifolio: bM1 = f75+f84 # Quire: M (Rene) = XIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 2 (Currier) # Subsets: B (Rene), bio (Stolfi) # Subject: biological # Colors: blue,tan,red(some) (Reeds) # # Description: # # gathering mark 13 # {$I=T $Q=N $P=A $L=B $H=3} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:18:22 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f85r1 = NA (Rene) = p165 (Stolfi) # Folio: f85 # Panels: f85r1 # Bifolio: bN1 = f85+f86 # Quire: N (Rene) = XIV (Beinecke) # # This is the back side of the bottom left panel of a 12-panel fold-out. # It is visible when the fold-out is closed and the book is open # after page f84v # The left edge of panel is the binding gutter. # The right edge of the panel is the folio's free edge. # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 3 (Currier) # Subsets: T (Rene), unk (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (text only) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # panel mark 85 # # Comments: # {$I=C $Q=N $P=B $L=B $H=3} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 03:56:00 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "The four ages of Man" # Page: f85r2 = NB (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f85 # Panels: f85r2 # Bifolio: bN1 = f85+f86 # Quire: N (Rene) = XIV (Beinecke) # # This is the verso of the top left panel of a 12-panel fold-out. # It is visible when the horizontal fold is closed but the vertical fold is open. # The left and bottom sides of the panel are folio edges. # The top side of the panel is the horizontal crease. # The right side of the panel is a vertical valley crease that # sits on top of the binding gutter. # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 3 (Currier) # Subsets: C (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: cosmological # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # The page contains only a circular diagram. The outer frame consists # of a ring of text between two faint mechanically-drawn circles. The # starting point of the text is not evident. ( The whole arc between # 08:00 and 10:00 is unreadable in the source image. There is also an # extra-wide gap at 07:30, but it may be just a faded word.) # # At the center of the diagram is a sun with neutral expression # and narrow reverse-S-shaped rays. Surrounding it is a colored disk # textured with a whirlpool pattern, bent clockwise-out. # # The disk is framed by a circular band with six semicircular lobes # (one each at North and South, two each at West and East), containing # a ring of text and delimited by two narrow, decorated, cordon-like # borders. A double radial stroke, cutting across the frame at 09:00, # seems to mark the starting point of the text. The inner border of # the frame consists of two mechanically drawn circles, about a # millimeter apart, and is decorated by 10 pairs of double parentheses # (( )). The outer border is a hand drawn solid double line with a # line of dots down the middle. # # The space between the inner and outer frames is divided into unequal # sectors by four beams, placed like the arms of an "X". The beams are # narrower near the center than at the periphery. Each beam continues # past and under the outer frame, ending in a broad plume, resembling # a soft wet brush. The plume makes a sharp U-turn and passes again # behind the outer frame, while tapering down to a point. The NE plume # bends clockwise, the other three bend counterclockwise. # # Each sector between the outer and inner frames contains a paragraph # of text near the outer end (to be read clockwise), and a human # figure. The sex of the figures is indeterminate, as neither breasts # nor beards are visible. The South figure is leaning on a staff, and # looks like an old man or woman; the other three could be women or # young men, possibly children. # # The figures are partially hidden behind by the inner frame: the # South figure is hidden from the knees down by the inner frame, and # the other three are hidden from the waist down. All four figures # wear a colored, buttonless shirt, with long and narrow sleeves, # which in the South figure is seen to be a tunic or dress, ending # just above the knee. Ring collars are visible in the North and West # figures. All three figures have light hair, bushy over the ears and # cropped just below them. The East figure wears a dark # skullcap. # # The right hands of West, North, and East are hidden by the inner # frame. With the left hand, North seems to be pointing to the last # word of the text above (which sits on a line by itself); East holds # an unidentified dark object, consisting of two stacked bulbs of unequal # size, topped by a short spike (it could be a root); and West seems # to be holding a flower, shaped like a lily but dark colored. South # holds a staff with the left hand, and a chain with three huge rings # on his right. # # Comments: # # It has been conjectured that the four figures represent the Four # Ages of Man. If the diagram is to be read clockwise, like the text, # then West (who lies over the "start marker", by the way) would be # Infancy. However, East (with the skullcap) looks younger than the # other three. # {$I=C $Q=N $P=I $L=B $H=3} # Last edited on 1998-10-04 20:30:11 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f86v4 = NI (Rene) = p167 (Stolfi) # Folio: f86 # Panels: f86v4 # Bifolio: bN1 = f85+f86 # Quire: N (Rene) = XIV (Beinecke) # # This page comes after page 171 in Landini's file. # # This is the back side of the top center panel of a 12-panel # fold-out. It is visible when the horizontal fold is closed but the # vertical fold is open. The bottom side of panel is the folio's edge. # The top side of the panel is the horizontal crease. # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 3 (Currier) # Subsets: C (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: cosmological # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # The page contains a circular diagram, and under it a single paragraph # of text (5 lines, the last one short and centered). # # The diagram is framed by two faint mechanically dawn circles, and # four rings of text --- one betweent the two circles, the other three # just inside the second circle. A wide gap in all four rings at 09:00 # suggests an obviosu starting point, confirmed by four radial strokes # across the first ring (that may be modern scribbles in the copy, # however). # # (There are other simultaneous gaps in all four rings at 01:00 and # 05:00, so the four rings may actually be two or three paragraphs # side by side.) # # At the center of the diagram there is an uncolored disk, bounded by # a mechanically drawn circle, containing a small moon---with a dark # crescent shadow on the left side, and a human face with neutral # expression on the right. # # Just outside this central disk there is a wide decorated band # containing four small human figures. The decoration looks like a # perspective drawing of a flat field, bent around the inner disk with # the innermost edge being closer to the observer. In the "field" # there are five parallel rows (concentric rings) of elements, shaped # like tombstones with rounded top. The "tombstones" are painted in # various colors, and some have dots, borders, or other simple # decoration. In the innermost ring, which is unobstructed, the # elements are fused together at the base. # # Between these rows of "tombstones", the field is packed with round # objects (which could be bushes, leaves, pebbles, bubbles, etc.). # # The "tombstones" in the first four rows are packed tight, and a # larger "tombstone" is inserted every 3-6 standard ones. The last row # (outermost ring) has only small tombstones, painted with alternating # colors, some distance apart (with some blades of "grass" in # between). # # The third row of tombstones is interrupted at 11:30, 02:30, 05:30, # and 08:30 by four human figures. The human figures are hidden by the # "bushes" from the waist down. The North figure is barely visible, # because of a a crease in the vellum. The West and South figures are # female (with visible breasts), and the same may be true of the other # two. They wear a white dress with ring collar and broad sleeves, # apparently tied at the wrists. Their hair is dark but not black, and # is just long enough to cover the ears. The South, West, and North # figures have both arms spread out like a "W", with hands open; East # has only the left arm up, in the same position. # {$I=C $Q=N $P=J $L=B $H=3} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:16:53 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f86v6 = NJ (Rene) = p168 (Stolfi) # Folio: f86 # Panels: f86v6 # Bifolio: bN1 = f85+f86 # Quire: N (Rene) = XIV (Beinecke) # # This page is the back side of the top right panel of a 12-panel # fold-out. It is visible when the horizontal fold is closed but the # vertical fold is open. The bottom and right sides of the panel are # folio edges. The top side of the panel is the horizontal crease. # The left side of the panel is a vertical valley crease. # # This page comes after page 171 and 168 in Landini's file. # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 3 (Currier) # Subsets: C (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (text only) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=C $Q=N $P=C $L=B $H=3} # Last edited on 1998-12-27 19:21:19 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "nine-rosette diagram" # Page: f85v2 = NC+ND+NE+NF+NG+NH (Rene) = p169 (Stolfi) # Folio: f85+f86 # Panels: f85v2+f86r4+f86r6+f85v1+f86r3+f86r5 # Bifolio: bN1 = f85+f86 # Quire: N (Rene) = XIV (Beinecke) # # This is the top left panel(?) of the main face of a 12-panel foldout. # # Panels 85v2, 86r4, 86r6 (top), and 85v1, 86r3, 86r5 (bottom) # comprise a single logical page, here called f85v2, which is the # main face of a 12-panel fold-out. This is the only face that can # be entirely seen when all folds are opened. All the panels # obviously belong to the same bifolio, which is bound at the # vertical fold between panels 85v1 and 86r3. # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 3 (Currier) # Subsets: C (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: cosmological # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # This face of the fold-out contains an elaborate diagram consisting # of nine main circular diagrams or "rosettes" connected by things # that resemble roads, rivers, tubes, etc. Using compass directions # as labels for the rosettes, the general layout is roughly like this: # # * # = NW----N----NE # = | \ | / | # | | | # W--- Ctr----E # | * | | # | / | \ | # SW----S----SE # o # # (The right 1/3 of this design is incomplete and based on verbal # descriptions by others; I have not seen panels f86r5 and # f86r6 yet.) # # The top and bottom rosettes lie one in each of the six panels, # roughly centered. The rosettes in the middle row sit on top of the # horizontal fold. The center rosette is the largest one # while the mid-side ones (N, E, S, W) are the smallest. # # There is a ring of text around each rosette, and dozens of labels # all over the place. Unfortunately the copy on which this # description is based is almost illegible and is lacking the entire # East column of the diagram (panels f86r6 and f86r5). # # Several object in this diagram seem to be covered by tongue-like # "scales" or sprouts (see glossary). In several places these scales # pile up into a small conical mound or "fountain", which seems to emit # a small "jet" (which looks like a tuff of stiff hair). # # The NW rosette (panel f85v2): # # This rosette is surrounded by by two thin mechanically drawn # circles that bound a ring of text, with a wide gap at 09:30. # Inside this ring is a band of scales turned inwards, giving the # impression of a hollow spherical shell with closely-packed # finger-like buds sprouting from the inside surface. The band of # scales is fringed with a band of hairs, also pointing inwards, # and a circle of small dots. # # At the center of this "shell" is a round (slightly oblong) # object, also decorated with scales, hairs, and tiny dots # but pointing outwards. The object seems to have a opening shaped # like an eye on its side, as if a slice had been cut from a # melon. The interior of the object seems to be hollow. The edges # of the hole are fringed with many small "teeth" or "flames", # sharp and curved, directed inwards. On the right edge of the # cut, on the boundary between the scales and the flames, there is # a single word. # # North, East, and South of the NW rosette there is a complex of # scalloped and hatched areas that suggests a very rough surface. # Cutting through this hatching, and apparently higher than it, are # some flat areas that resemble broad wawering roads. One "road" # connects the rosette to a wide flat "plateau" North of it, that # extends beyond the panel's edge. Another road goes East to the # N rosette (panel f86r4) and a third road goes South to the # W rosete (split between panels f85v1 and f85v2). # # The East-going (NW to N) road narrows quickly, and is # interrupted halfway by a round court. (Actually the court is # foreshortened to an oval; this part of the diagram is drawn as # seen from due West, high above the road.) Two narrow # paths---slightly convex, with parapets---connect this plaza to # the N rosette. The trapezoidal space between the two paths could # be a hole or a flowerbed. The road and plaza are edged by an # artificial-looking wall, interrupted by a few square columns or # towers of the same height. In the middle of the road there is a # round multistory tower, with a sharp conical roof. # # The South-going (NW to W) road sports five labels: one at each # end, one in the middle, and one on each side, outside the road. # It is apparently drawn as seen obliquely from the South. # # Five straight tubes exit from the NW rosette's outline, directed # Southeast towards the center rosette. They seem supported at # their base by a rampart with multiple scalloped outline. The # tubes are arranged symmetrically, with one in center and four, # slightly narrower, around it. They stop in mid-air with flat # open ends, as if all were cut with a single stroke. There is a # label further ahead of the tubes and aligned with their axis. # # Further nortwest of this rosette, right next to the panel's # corner, there is a small sun with long sinuous rays. West of the # rosette, squeezed against the left edge of the panel, is a # narrow text with two paragraphs of 4.0 (or 5.0?) and 4.0 lines. # # The NE rosette (panel f86r6) # # This panel is missing in my copy. However one can see part of # the road connecting the NE rosette to the N rosette. What can be # seen is almost a mirror image of the road from NE to N: a # broadening road, edged by artifical walls with square posts or # towers. However there is no flower bed dividing the road in two, # as there is on the other side. The plaza and fountain, if any, # lie in panel . # # The SW rosette (panel f85v1) # # The SW rosette is bounded by a ring of text (unit "C1") bordered two # faint mechanically drawn circles. There are gaps in the text at # 01:30 and 07:30. # # Inside the text ring is a "plateau" with scalloped boundary, # with 8 extensions or "passages" leaving in different directions. # Each passage has a peculiar outline, sort of a pair of trumpets # joined at their narrow ends by a "bulb-like" swelling. The passages # are flat like the plateau but are surrounded by a several wavy # lines, sugegsting cliffs. One "passage" goes North, one West, two # South, three East, and one (narrower, with two swellings, each # with a dot inside) goes SouthEast. The passages going North and # East are more or less aligned with the roads between the SW, # W, and S rosettes, that start just outside the text ring. # However the match is not perfect, as if the text ring marked an # ellipsis or a change of scale. # # Inside the scalloped area there is an elliptical "flower bed" # surrounded by a band of scales. At the four cardinal points, the # scales pile up into four fountains, whose jets point at nothing in # particular. The flower bed is filled with 24 tiny flowers or # stars. In the center there is a flower-like object with 6 round # "petals" and a doubly-traced outline. # # There are several labels (unit "B1") on or near this rosette. # One label in the scalloped-outline area, at 07:30, seems # associated with the area itself, or the flower bed inside it. # Another 9 labels seem associated with the 8 "passages" leaving the # scalloped area, and perhaps with the fountains at the corners of # the flower bed. Two more labels lie on the "sea", between the # text ring and the scalloped area, at 08:00 and 11:00. Four more # labels, reading radially outwards, lie just outside the text # ring, between 04:30 and 06:00; they may be associated with the # passages going Southeast (although they are not aligned with # them). # # Outside the text ring, Northwest from the rosette, there is a # roundish textured area surrounded by several wavy lines, # resembling a small "island" with steep coastline. A broad, # slighlty divergent band with wavy outlines, resembling a # torrential stream of water, goes from the island to the edge of # plateau (passing under the text ring). Two curves lines of text # are written along the stream's axis, and a third is written # along its Southern edge. On the Northeast side of the island # there is a tuff of curved hairs, so that the island looks like # an onion with its roots. # # On the opposite side of the rosette (07:30), also outside the # text ring there is a small circle (with double outline decorated # with 8 sets of three cross-hatches). The circle is surrounded by # a short ring of text (half clockwise and half counterclockwise). # Inside the circle there are three dots connected into an "L" # with equal arms. Two labels, reading radially towards the the # rosette, lie on each side of the small circle. A "dock" # resembling a double-traced squarish "U" extends out of the SW # rosette towards the small circle. # # Connecting the SW and W rosettes there is a "road", looking like # a causeway bordered by artificial-looking walls. The road is # actually a diamond-shaped loop, with slightly concave sides. The # North and South corners of this diamond connect to the two # rosettes; the West and East corners of the diamont open into # small round courts. Around this diamond are some wavy lines that # suggest steep rocky cliffs. The four corners of the diamond are # labeled, and there are two more labels in the "sea" on both # sides (all in unit "B1" too). # # The SW and S rosettes are connected by a broad bowtie-shaped # "isthmus", apparently with steep rocky shores. A thick # "fortified wall", fringed with "M"-shaped merlets on both sides, # runs along the Southern "shore" of the isthmus. North of this # wall are two triangular "fields", taking up most of the # isthmus, covered by parallel lines and many vertical sticks or # poles. There is a label just north of the wall, and another # just off the Northern "shore". # # The SE rosette (panel f86r5) # # This panel is not available, but on panel f86r3 one can see half of the connection # between rosette SE and rosette S. This connection too is a bow-shaped isthmus. # The multiple wavy outlines suggest steep shores on both sides. There is a # narrower bowtie-shaped "road" on the isthmus, next to the South shore cliff. # This road has no parapets or merlets, but its edges are scalloped. Between # the road and the North shore cliffs there is a band of scales, pointing seawards. # There are two labels (unit "B3") just off the shore, one on each side of the # isthmus. # # The N rosette (panel f86r4) # # This rosette is surrounded by ring of text (unit "V2"). The ring # is fairly round but the presumed guiding circles are not # visible. # # Just inside this ring there is a band of scales, as in the NE # rosette. However there are no hairs or dots. Instead the scales # seem to pile up into 13 conical "fountains" (11 visible and 2 # inferred), pointing inwards. # # The fountains seem to be blowing or spraying a "windmill" that # takes up most of the space inside the rosette. Each fountain # points into the notch between consecutive "blades" of the # windmill. In each sector, between consecutive fountains, there are # 10 labels, aligned with the tips of the windmill blades, reading # radially inwards. (Two of the sectors are hidden by the # "waterfall", see below.) # # The central "windmill" resembles the central structure of the # diagram in . It consists of a fat star (or toothed disk) # divided into 13 "blades" or sectors shaped like narrow kites. # Each sector is split lengthwise into a solid dark-colored half # (the most clockwise one) and a "starry" half. The latter # contains many tiny stars against a colored background. The # approximate star counts, clockwise from North, are # # sector 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 # -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- # stars 11 10 10 10 09 10 11 10 11 10 11 10 10 # # The actual counts may be one or two higher. Thus there are # 133 stars, perhaps a little more. This is almost exactly twice # the total number of stars in the windmill of (66-67). # # A "flow" of some sort seems to be taking place between the # windmill's South edge and the central rosette. The flow has # triangular or conical shape, and is marked with stream lines and # many small circles suggesting droplets. It is not entirely clear # which way the flow is moving; but its South end has smaller # "droplets", and exits or enters a hole at the top of a conical # pile of scales, similar to the fountains inside the N rosette # but larger. # # A narrow stick or tube, with a round swelling near its tip, # extends Southwards from the center of the windmill, for about # half its radius. (It is probably perpendicular to the windmill's # plane, but drawn as if looking from a North-South direction.) # # The S rosette (panel f86r3) # # This rosette, like the others, is framed by a ring of text # (unit "C2") between two faint mechanically drawn circles. There is a wide # gap in the text between 06:00 and 06:45. # # The space inside the ring is largely occupied by # a "windmill" object somewhat similar to the one inside # the N rosette. This windmill too has the outline of a fat # star divided into 13 narrow kite-shaped sectors. However, # instead of being bisected into dark and light halves, # here the sectors alternate between dark solid color # and starry sky pattern. The necessary exception # is the sector at 08:00, which is bisected by a # wavy line that slaloms between two rows of dots; # the clockwise half is starry, the other is solid dark. # The star counts per sector, starting with this one, are # # sector 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 # -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- # stars 12 -- 19 -- 25 -- 24 -- 26 -- 22 -- 24 # # i.e. 152 stars. # # There is no tube at the center of the windmill, only a # faint circular marking, possibly containing two Voynichese # letters. # # At the tip of almost every sector there is a small round bulb, # and attached to almost every bulb is a fan-like structure # of varying width. When present, the fan starts from a small # pointed spike at the at distal end of the bulb, and stops at the # surrounding text ring. For the broadest fans, the spike seems to # have opened to a crown of points. More precisely, starting from # the split sector at 08:00 we have # # sector 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 ** 12 ** 13 # -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- # bulb at tip Y Y Y Y ? ? ? Y Y Y Y Y ? Y Y # spike(S)/rown(W) S S S S ? ? ? S S S W ? ? ? W # fan width(N,0..2) 2 ? ? N N N N 0 N 0 1 2 2 2 2 # # The two "**" entries above refer to a pair of "extra" fans that # start from narrow stalks growing from the notch between two star tips. # # Some of the bays between consecutive star tips contain labels # (unit "B2"), reading radially inward. # # Symmetrically to the N rosette, there is a big fan-shaped flow # between an aperture in the central rosette and the whole North # edge of the windmill. The flow is marked with stream lines # (diverging from the North vertex) and small chevrons pointing # South, towards the windmill. The flow seems to emanate from a # bottle-shaped nozzle on the wall of the central rosette. # # The W rosette (on the fold between panels f85v1 and f85v2) # # This rosette is similar to the North and South ones, in that it # has a ring of text (unit "N1") surrounding a "windmill", which # is sprayed by a "flow" emanating from the central rosette. # However the fold and the poor copy quality prevent us from # checking many of the details that are visible in the other two. # # The text ring is interrupted at 09:45 by a decorated rectangle # (a laterally compressed version of the "notched square" marker). # # The West windmill is smaller than its North and South # companions. It is divided into 18 kite-shaped sectors, # alternating beyween solid medium-light color and starry sky # pattern. Clockwise from 09:00, the star counts are # # sector 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 # -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- # stars ?? -- >6 -- 07 -- 05 -- ?? -- 10 -- 09 -- 09 -- 10 -- # # So there are more than 56, probably around 80 stars on this windmill. # # About two dozen thin beams or "stalks" emanate from the windmill # (both from the tips of the sectors and from the throughs between # sectors). the stalks end in round bulbs. These in turn are # connected to a scalloped circle that resembles a ring of round # arches. # # The "flow" is somewhat smaller than the North and South ones, # and consists of several tinsel-like strands with the barbs # pointing towards the windmill; it is similar to the South flow, # but the barbs are pointing in the opposite sense. The # strands converge on (or diverge from a point on the wall # of the center rosette---which is unfortunately obscured by the fold. # # Between the text ring and the arches there are 8 labels (one of them, # obscured by the fold), reading radially inwards (unit "M1"). # # The central rosette (on the fold between panels f86r3 and f86r4). # # The usual text ring (unit "N2") is surrounded in this case by a # complex band, entirely covered with outward-pointing scales and # other structures. Exposed scales are seen to have a dark spot # near the middle. The band of scales is edged on the outside with # many triangular "teeth" (spines, flames, grass blades) and then # by a ring of tiny dots. The inner edge of the band has a row of # fan-shaped elements (resembling gingko leaves),also pointing # outwards. From among the scales thre arises at regular inervals # a group of five or six tubes (a wide one at the center, with # smaller and shorter tubes surrounding it). All tubes have # an open, clean-cut end. # # Inside the text ring there are two additional concentric bands # of outward-pointing scales. The outermost of these two bands # is fringed by hairs, also pointing outwards. # # In the annular space between the text ring and the the second # band of scales there are 19 labels, reading radially inwards --- # all between 17:30 and 02:30. # # Around the North half of that annular space there is also a thin # semicircular line that is interrupted several times by # triple-scalloped indentations. # # The inner band of scales is a bit flattened, like a disk seen in # perspective. Inside the band there are half a dozen "mushrooms" # in a circle. Each mushroom consists of a "stalk" and a "head", # topped by a "roof". The stalk is a chubby cylinder with its # bottom half encased in a short "sock" that flares out near the # ground, then narrows again. The "head" is spherical and # featureless. The "roof" is shaped like an upside-down trumpet, # with thick lip, and ends with a sharp point at the top. # # Further inside the mushroom ring there is a ring of unidentified # shapes (perhaps resembling human silhouettes), and a dotted area # which may represent plants. # # Between the mushrooms there are a few words of text (also in # unit "M2"). # # Comments: # # LOW-LEVEL INTERPRETATION # # I.e. what objects was the artist trying to draw? # # The hatched areas outside the rosettes could be sea waves, rocky terrain, # flesh, clouds, cave walls, and many other things. However the details # of the NE to N road sugegst they are cliffs rising from the sea. # # The object inside NE rosette could be a cutaway view of a hollow # shell, with a layer of "scales" on the outside, and # inward-pointing flames or spines on the inside. The label seems to # be applied the shell itself. # # The opening could also be a mouth with teeth; but the shape, # curvature, and slant or the "teeth" are not correct. It could also # be eye with eyelashes; but the same objection applies, and there # is no hint of iris and pupil. # # The tower-like structure on the N to NE road could be a fountain. # There are faint markings South of it that could be a puddle of water, # or a standing person (with one arm on the "fountain"), or... # # The two roads connecting the N rosette to the plaza West of it # could be either bridges or, two lanes separated by a flower bed. # # The knobs at the corners of the SW-W road could be towers seen # from dead above (the apparent perspective for this part of the # drawing), dropping straight down to the sea level. But they could # also be landing pads at sea level... # # The grooved areas North of the wall on the SW-S isthmus could # represent plowed and planted fields, or vineyards. # # HIGH-LEVEL INTERPRETATION # # I.e. what is the purpose of this picture? # # The sun in the NE corner suggests a cosmological interpretation. # On the other hand, the tubes suggest anatomy, or (less likely) # plumbing, while the roads and tower suggest a map. # # The whole diagram may be a graphic equivalent of the description # of the cosmos given in 1 Enoch and other ancient texts, where # natural phenomena like planetary motions, rivers, winds, rains, # springs, etc. are said to be produced in some "cosmic factory". # # Alternatively, it could be a "biological factory" explanation of # human physiology. # # Perhaps this diagram is an attempt to draw the mysterious device # described in the Cabal, or the apocalyptic vision of Ezra, or # Heron's hydraulic gadgets, or... # # Just to cover all the bases: it could be a report from a time # traveler or UFO abductee: the NW rosette is a fusion reactor, the # pipes leaving it carry steam for heating, the N/S/W/E rosettes are # steam turbines, the bulb-headed towers in the center are # rockets... 8-) # # Another possibility is that it is a "fantasy island", like many # kids like do draw (and grown-ups too---consider Tolkien's maps of # Middle Earth) # {$I=C $Q=N $P=K $L=B $H=3} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:17:57 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f86v5 = NK (Rene) = p175 (Stolfi) # Folio: f86 # Panels: f86v5 # Bifolio: bN1 = f85+f86 # Quire: N (Rene) = XIV (Beinecke) # # This is the back side of the bottom right panel of a 12-panel fold-out. # The left and bottom sides of the panel are folio edges. # The top side of the panel is the horizontal crease. # The right side of the panel is a vertical ridge crease. # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 3 (Currier) # Subsets: C (Rene), unk (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (text only) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # folio mark 86 # # Comments: # # # {$I=C $Q=N $P=L $L=B $H=3} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:21:11 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "T-O Map and # Page: f86v3 = NL (Rene) = p176 (Stolfi) # Folio: f86 # Panels: f86v3 # Bifolio: bN1 = f85+f86 # Quire: N (Rene) = XIV (Beinecke) # # Newbold plate VII, calls it f86v # SciAm # Brumbaugh p54, calls it f85r # Same as or includes page 174? # # This is the back side of the bottom center panel of a 12-panel fold-out. # The bottom side of the panel is a folio edge. # The top side of the panel is the horizontal crease. # The left side of the panel is a vertical ridge crease. # The right side of the panel is the binding gutter. # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 3 (Currier) # Subsets: C (Rene), cos (Stolfi) # Subject: cosmological # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # Gathering mark 14. # # Text and drawing take up most of the page, right up to the # edges, except for some white space left in the middle. # # Four tapering, densely decorated "biological" structures # grow from the four corners of the page towards the center. # # Between these structures there are four paragraphs of normal-looking text. # right next to the respective edge, to be read clockwise. # In the rectangular area bounded by them, there are two more # paragraphs, interrupted by part of the Northwest structure. # # At the very center of the page, below the two extra paragraphs, there is # a mechanically drawn "T-O map"---a circle cut into three sectors # by a diameter (from 09:30 to 03:30) and a perpendicular radius (at 00:30). # # At the left of the T-O map, and partly over it, there is a faint # irregular (pencil?) scribble, mostly illegible, resembling a young # child's scrawl. With some imagination, the first row can be read as # two EVA (larger than normal), a latin "n" with acute accent, and # a latin "F"; below them is an EVA , with very dark and # lighter plume. But none of these readings can be considered # significant. # # In the structure descriptions that follow, "up" means towards # the center of the page, "down" means towards its corner, # "left" is clockwise and "right" is counter-clockwise. # # The Northeast structure looks like a chalyx with thick stem, covered # with rounded, upward-pointing scales (or close-packed leaves). From # its hollow there comes forth a converging bundle of lines, like a # strong water jet (or a bundle of stalks). Halfway though the "jet" # but in front of it there is a bird with outspread wings. The "jet" # ends bruptly after a short distance, to be replaced by a dotted band # (dust? droplets? seeds?). # # The Southeast structure has the shape of a light bulb, with the # narrow end pointing up . The base (wider end) is wrapped in a # leaf-like chalyx. The bulb is decorated with several bands of knobs, # hatchings, and upwards-growing scales. The narrow end (nearest to # the center of the page) ends in a hole with dotted lip. Coming out # from the hole we see the head of another bird, with its ouspread # wings partly visible, and three curved "stalks" carrying three # corncob-like objects. # # The Southwest structure has a base that looks like a flattened # flower, whose petals are made of thick riveted metal plate. On top # of that "flower" there are three similar "stages", each smaller than # the previous one. Each "stage" looks like a ribbed stalk, short and # broad, ending with a multilobed sleeve which holds a heap of round # objects with dots at their centers. From the third stage there grows # a short "jet" (or a fourth ribbed stalk) that opens out into a # funnel or corolla with serrated borders. The right half of this # funnel is dotted. # # The Northwest structure looks like a wide and short cylindrical base # with a band of scales or flaps around its top part, pointing down. # On top of this base is a short conical dome covered with scales or # leaves. Each scale has a dot. From the very tip of the dome there # sprouts a divergent bundle of lines that ends with a cloud of dots, # like a water jet. # # Behind the Northwest structure there is a human figure with light # long hair, probably a woman. Only her head and hand are visible, # just to the right of the "water jet". # # Behind the Southwest structure there is another human figure with # short dark hair, probably a man. Only his right arm, part of his # breast, and half of his face are visible, on the left side of the # structure. # # The man's right hand seems to be holding a short tube, pointed # towards the woman. Issuing from it is a short jet of dots that ends # abruptly after a couple of feet. (The man may also be throwing # things at the woman, and the "tube" could then be the motion traces.) # The woman seems to be waving at the man. # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=O $P=A $L=A $H=4} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:22:43 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f87r = OA (Rene) = p177 (Stolfi) # Folio: f87 # Panels: f87r # Bifolio: bO1 = f87+f90 # Quire: O (Rene) = XV (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 4 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: tan,green,blue (Reeds) # # Description: # # Faint scribbles? # {$I=H $Q=O $P=B $L=A $H=4} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:23:37 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f87v = OB (Rene) = p178 (Stolfi) # Folio: f87 # Panels: f87v # Bifolio: bO1 = f87+f90 # Quire: O (Rene) = XV (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 4 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,blue (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=P $Q=O $P=C $L=A $H=4} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:25:16 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f88r = OC (Rene) = p179 (Stolfi) # Folio: f88 # Panels: f88r # Bifolio: bO2 = f88+f89 # Quire: O (Rene) = XV (Beinecke) # # Washington Post, 5 Aug 62 (Sunday) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 4 (Currier) # Subsets: P (Rene), pha (Stolfi) # Subject: pharmaceutical # Colors: red,green,brown (Reeds) # # Description: # # 3 rows of veggies that seem to be named, with paragraphs under # each... See Reeds, 14 Dec 91 # {$I=P $Q=O $P=D $L=A $H=4} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:26:14 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f88v = OD (Rene) = p180 (Stolfi) # Folio: f88 # Panels: f88v # Bifolio: bO2 = f88+f89 # Quire: O (Rene) = XV (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 4 (Currier) # Subsets: P (Rene), pha (Stolfi) # Subject: pharmaceutical # Colors: red,green,brown (Reeds) # # Description: # # Three rows of recipes with two paras between them # {$I=P $Q=O $P=E $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:27:29 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f89r1 = OE (Rene) = p181 (Stolfi) # Folio: f89 # Panels: f89r1 # Bifolio: bO2 = f88+f89 # Quire: O (Rene) = XV (Beinecke) # # This is the innermost recto panel of a six-panel fold-out. # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: P (Rene), pha (Stolfi) # Subject: pharmaceutical # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # continues recipe pages. 3 recipes, 3 text paras # {$I=P $Q=O $P=F $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-28 04:53:51 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f89r2 = OF (Rene) = p182 (Stolfi) # Folio: f89 # Panels: f89r2, f89r3 # Bifolio: bO2 = f88+f89 # Quire: O (Rene) = XV (Beinecke) # # This page comprises the two outermost recto panels (f89r2 and # f89r3) of a six-panel fold-out. Panel f89r3 is half-width. The # paragraph lines span both panels, across the fold. # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: P (Rene), pha (Stolfi) # Subject: pharmaceutical # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # This page contains 4 rows of plants (roughly next to the top edge, # 1/3 down, 2/3 down, and next to the bottom edge). # # The plant rows contain 4, 2, 6, and 4 plants, respectively. Plant # [1,4] has a long tapering root that runs down the right margin and # ends near the bottom right corner (which is torn off). Crammed # into the left margin, next to each row of plants, is a # "container"---an object resembling a decorated jar with pedestal. # # Each container and each plant (except plant [3,6]) has a "label" # written next to it (units "L1","L2", "L3", and "L4"). From the # position of the labels it seems pretty clear which label goes with # which figure. # # The plant rows are separated by three paragraphs with 2.8, 3.6, # and 6.0 lines (units "P1", "P2", and "P3"). The first three lines # of aragraph 3 are indented as if to leave space for a capital letter, # but that space is occupied by the root of plant [3,1] # # There is a faint vertical crease in the vellum, about 1cm to the # right of the fold that separates panels f89r2 and f89r3, and # extending across the whole height of the page. The third paragraph # (but not the other two) is crease, but runs over the fold as if it # was not there. The crease and the fold are more conspicuous on the # verso side (page f89v2). # # In the second line of paragraph 2 there seems to be a slit-like # defect in the vellum, flanked by two alternating rows of dots. # This defect is visible on the verso side too. # # Plant descriptions: # # ROW 1: # # [1,0] (Container) [To be written] # # [1,1] [To be written] # # [1,2] [To be written] # # [1,3] [To be written] # # [1,4] [To be written] # # ROW 2: # # [2,0] (Container) [To be written] # # [2,1] [To be written] # # [2,2] [To be written] # # ROW 3: # # [3,0] (Container) [To be written] # # [3,1] [To be written] # # [3,2] [To be written] # # [3,3] [To be written] # # [3,4] [To be written] # # [3,5] [To be written] # # [3,6] [To be written] # # # ROW 4: # # [4,0] (Container) [To be written] # # [4,1] [To be written] # # [4,2] [To be written] # # [4,3] [To be written] # # [4,4] [To be written] # # Comments: # # [long root and leaves of [1,4] may match solatrium's; check!] # # The vellum defect on paragraph 2 sems to be a slit in the vellum # that was at one time closed by sewing. If this interpretation is # correct, then the thread is gone, and the alternating dots are # the stitch holes. # # {$I=P $Q=O $P=G $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-28 04:52:13 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f89v2 = OG (Rene) = p183 (Stolfi) # Folio: f89 # Panels: f89v3, f89v2 # Bifolio: bO2 = f88+f89 # Quire: O (Rene) = XV (Beinecke) # # This page comprises the two outermost verso panels (f89v3 and # f89v2) of a six-panel fold-out. Panel f89v3 has half-width. The # paragraph lines span both panels, across the fold. # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: P (Rene), pha (Stolfi) # Subject: pharmaceutical # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # This page contains 3 rows of plants (next to the top edge, # across the middle, and next to the bottom edge), separated by # two blocks of text. # # The plant rows contain 5, 3, and 4 plants, respectively. Crammed # into the left margin, next to each row of plants, is a # "container"---an object resembling a decorated jar with pedestal. # Each container and each plant has a "label" written next to it # (units "L1","L2", and "L3"). From the position of the labels it seems # pretty clear which label goes with which figure. # # The first block of text (unit "P1") consists of a single paragraph # with 3.6 lines. The second block (unit "P2") contains two # paragraphs, both with 3.8 lines. # # There is a vertical crease in the vellum, about 1cm to the left of # the fold that separates panels f89v3 and f89v2. The crease extends # from the second line of the top paragraph down to the bottom edge # of the page. Eacept for the first line of the first paragraph, the # text carefully avoids that (clean and undamaged) crease, but runs # over the (dirty and worn-out) fold as if it was not there. # The crease has a similar effect on the recto side (page f89r2). # # Near plant [2,3] there seems to be a slit-like defect in the # vellum, flanked by two alternating rows of dots. This defect is # visible on the verso side too. # # Plant descriptions: # # ROW 1: # # [1,0] (Container) [To be written] # # [1,1] [To be written] # # [1,2] [To be written] # # [1,3] [To be written] # # [1,4] [To be written] # # [1,5] [To be written] # # ROW 2: # # [2,0] (Container) [To be written] # # [2,1] [To be written] # # [2,2] [To be written] # # [2,3] [To be written] # # ROW 3: # # [3,0] (Container) [To be written] # # [3,1] [To be written] # # [3,2] [To be written] # # [3,3] [To be written] # # [3,4] [To be written] # # Comments: # # [some drawings repeated in herbal] # # [label "odor" from f101v2 mentioned here.] # # From the layout of the text relative to the crease and fold, it # looks as if the crease was a defect of the vellum, already present # when the page was written; but the fold was neither present nor # explicitly planned for. # {$I=P $Q=O $P=H $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-28 09:06:36 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f89v1 = OH (Rene) = p184 (Stolfi) # Folio: f89 # Panels: f89v1 # Bifolio: bO2 = f88+f89 # Quire: O (Rene) = XV (Beinecke) # # This page is contained in the innermost verso panel of a six-panel fold-out. # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: P (Rene), pha (Stolfi) # Subject: pharmaceutical # Colors: blue,green,brown (Reeds) # # Description: # # Two rows of veggies, top and bottom of page, 2 paras in between. # # Comments: # # Plant [1,1] has "same" label as plant f102v2[3,4]. # Quod videt. The label is also similar to the container's label # on the bottom row of f89r1. # # The label of plant [2,3] "opoldaiin" is similar to a title on page f1r, # "otol daiiin" # {$I=H $Q=O $P=I $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:33:56 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f90r1 = OI (Rene) = p185 (Stolfi) # Folio: f90 # Panels: f90r1 # Bifolio: bO1 = f87+f90 # Quire: O (Rene) = XV (Beinecke) # # This is the innermost recto panel of a four-panel fold-out. # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,green,brown (Reeds) # # Description: # # Nice page. large plant. one para. clear ink. wish all pages were # as clear as this one! plant drawn first, text after. # {$I=H $Q=O $P=J $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:36:06 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f90r2 = OJ (Rene) = p186 (Stolfi) # Folio: f90 # Panels: f90r2 # Bifolio: bO1 = f87+f90 # Quire: O (Rene) = XV (Beinecke) # # This is the outermost recto panel of a four-panel fold-out. # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # another plant page. again, plant drawn first. a tuber. note nodular roots. # {$I=H $Q=O $P=K $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:35:59 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f90v2 = OK (Rene) = p187 (Stolfi) # Folio: f90 # Panels: f90v2 # Bifolio: bO1 = f87+f90 # Quire: O (Rene) = XV (Beinecke) # # This is the outermost verso panel of a four-panel fold-out. # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan,blue(touch) (Reeds) # # Description: # # another large plant page # {$I=H $Q=O $P=L $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:37:26 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Lion root" # Page: f90v1 = OL (Rene) = p188 (Stolfi) # Folio: f90 # Panels: f90v1 # Bifolio: bO1 = f87+f90 # Quire: O (Rene) = XV (Beinecke) # # This is the innermost verso panel of a four-panel fold-out. # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # gathering mark 15 # {$I=M $Q=P $P=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:40:35 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f91r = PA (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f91 # Panels: f91r # Bifolio: bP1 = f91+f92 # Quire: P (Rene) = XVI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Folio 91 is missing # {$I=M $Q=P $P=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:56:52 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f91v = PB (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f91 # Panels: f91v # Bifolio: bP1 = f91+f92 # Quire: P (Rene) = XVI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # Folio 91 is missing # # {$I=M $Q=P $P=C} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:54:55 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f92r = PC (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f92 # Panels: f92r # Bifolio: bP1 = f91+f92 # Quire: P (Rene) = XVI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (missing) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # Folio 92 is missing # {$I=M $Q=P $P=D} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:55:44 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f92v = PD (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f92 # Panels: f92v # Bifolio: bP1 = f91+f92 # Quire: P (Rene) = XVI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (missing) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # Folio 92 is missing # {$I=H $Q=Q $P=A $L=A $H=4} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:47:33 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Sunflower" # Page: f93r = QA (Rene) = p189 (Stolfi) # Folio: f93 # Panels: f93r # Bifolio: bQ1 = f93+f96 # Quire: Q (Rene) = XVI (Beinecke) # # Brumbaugh p80; O'Neill's ``American Sunflower'' # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 4 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=Q $P=B $L=A $H=4} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:47:50 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f93v = QB (Rene) = p190 (Stolfi) # Folio: f93 # Panels: f93v # Bifolio: bQ1 = f93+f96 # Quire: Q (Rene) = XVI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 4 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan,red (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=Q $P=C $L=B $H=5} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:47:58 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f94r = QC (Rene) = p191 (Stolfi) # Folio: f94 # Panels: f94r # Bifolio: bQ2 = f94+f95 # Quire: Q (Rene) = XVI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 5 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=Q $P=D $L=B $H=5} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:48:10 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f94v = QD (Rene) = p192 (Stolfi) # Folio: f94 # Panels: f94v # Bifolio: bQ2 = f94+f95 # Quire: Q (Rene) = XVI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 5 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan,blue (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=Q $P=E $L=B $H=5} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:48:22 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f95r1 = QE (Rene) = p193 (Stolfi) # Folio: f95 # Panels: f95r1 # Bifolio: bQ2 = f94+f95 # Quire: Q (Rene) = XVI (Beinecke) # # This page is the innermost recto panel of a four-panel fold-out. # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 5 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: blue,green (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=Q $P=F $L=B $H=5} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:51:14 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f95r2 = QF (Rene) = p194 (Stolfi) # Folio: f95 # Panels: f95r2 # Bifolio: bQ2 = f94+f95 # Quire: Q (Rene) = XVI (Beinecke) # # This page is the outermost recto panel of a four-panel fold-out. # # Attention: the RZCD image may be wrong. # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 5 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: red,brown (Reeds) # # Root: a very broad tuber, like a fat pancake with a mostly light # upper surface and dark edge. The "pancake" is slightly bent with # left and right edges higher than the middle. A ring of 15 "fat # mousetail" roots --- dark, short and S-shaped --- sprout from the # edge; they seem to support the "pancake" like the legs of a # table. The three ones in front are much thicker than the 12 in the # back. (Note that if the thick roots were split in two, there will # be 18 roots, close to the 19 of f39r.) # Stem: many short straight stems sprout separately from the top surface # of the "pancake". Each stem ends with a leaf and flower; the # longer ones have additional leaves attached to them. # Branches: occasional short branches, each having a # single leaf and flower at the tip. # Leaves: two spindle-shaped leaves fused at the base, forming a # "V" with fat arms and pointed tips. No leaf stalks. # Flowers: one per branch. # Stalk: longish. Chalyx: spindle-shaped, with smooth rim. Petals # and core: none. # # An almost identical copy of this drawing appears on f39r. This one # is drawn with less skill and/or care. The root shape is more # irregular, its top surface is medium dark, and the flowers have only # a flat circle in place of the corolla and core. # Also the flowers sprout from the tip of each stem or branch. # {$I=H $Q=Q $P=G $L=B $H=5} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:48:35 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f95v2 = QG (Rene) = p195 (Stolfi) # Folio: f95 # Panels: f95v2 # Bifolio: bQ2 = f94+f95 # Quire: Q (Rene) = XVI (Beinecke) # # This page is the outermost verso panel of a four-panel fold-out. # # Attention: the RZCD image may be wrong. # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 5 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: brown,green,blue (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=Q $P=H $L=B $H=5} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:48:48 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f95v1 = QH (Rene) = p196 (Stolfi) # Folio: f95 # Panels: f95v1 # Bifolio: bQ2 = f94+f95 # Quire: Q (Rene) = XVI (Beinecke) # # This page is the innermost verso panel of a four-panel fold-out. # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: 5 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), heb (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=H $Q=Q $P=I $L=A $H=4} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:52:13 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f96r = QI (Rene) = p197 (Stolfi) # Folio: f96 # Panels: f96r # Bifolio: bQ1 = f93+f96 # Quire: Q (Rene) = XVI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 4 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan (Reeds) # # Roots: dark with many spindle-like tubers, resembling yam or manioc. # Stem: single, upright with round swelling just above ground. # Leaves: stellated, with 10-13 fingers, distal ones somewhat longer. # Petiol: attached to leaf palm between two shortest fingers. # Leaf arrangement: basically paired. # Flowers: one big flower or inflorescence at the top, shaped like an # oversize cashew nut. The narrower end is lighter and attached to # the plant, and covered by tight bracts resembling those of an # eggplant. The wider end is crowned by a light patch surrounded by # short, narrow, curved petals, and filled with concentric dotted # circles---possibly a cluster of small mature flowers. # {$I=H $Q=Q $P=J $L=A $H=4} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:52:58 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f96v = QJ (Rene) = p198 (Stolfi) # Folio: f96 # Panels: f96v # Bifolio: bQ1 = f93+f96 # Quire: Q (Rene) = XVI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 4 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Colors: green,tan,red (Reeds) # # Description: # # gathering mark 17 # {$I=M $Q=R $P=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:57:29 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f97r = RA (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f97 # Panels: f97r # Bifolio: bR1 = f97+f98 # Quire: R (Rene) = XVI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), unk (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (missing) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # Folio 97 is missing # {$I=M $Q=R $P=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:57:36 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f97v = RB (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f97 # Panels: f97v # Bifolio: bR1 = f97+f98 # Quire: R (Rene) = XVI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (missing) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # Folio 97 is missing # {$I=M $Q=R $P=C} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 04:58:20 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f98r = RC (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f98 # Panels: f98r # Bifolio: bR1 = f97+f98 # Quire: R (Rene) = XVI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), unk (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (missing) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # Folio 98 is missing # {$I=M $Q=R $P=D} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:54:12 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f98v = RD (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f98 # Panels: f98v # Bifolio: bR1 = f97+f98 # Quire: R (Rene) = XVI (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), unk (Stolfi) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # Folio 98 is missing # {$I=P $Q=S $P=A $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 05:01:01 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f99r = SA (Rene) = p199 (Stolfi) # Folio: f99 # Panels: f99r # Bifolio: bS1 = f99+f102 # Quire: S (Rene) = XVII (Beinecke) # # Kraus plate XXXI # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: P (Rene), pha (Stolfi) # Subject: pharmaceutical # Colors: red,tan,green (Reeds) # # Description: # {$I=P $Q=S $P=B $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 05:00:36 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f99v = SB (Rene) = p200 (Stolfi) # Folio: f99 # Panels: f99v # Bifolio: bS1 = f99+f102 # Quire: S (Rene) = XVII (Beinecke) # # B&R p88; faces ``capsicum'' # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: P (Rene), pha (Stolfi) # Subject: phamaceutical # Colors: red,tan,green,blue(some) (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=P $Q=S $P=C $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 05:03:50 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f100r = SC (Rene) = p201 (Stolfi) # Folio: f100 # Panels: f100r # Bifolio: bS2 = f100+f101 # Quire: S (Rene) = XVII (Beinecke) # # B&R p88, Brum Spec. p547, Brum p96, Way p138 # Brumbaugh p86 # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 4? (Currier) # Subsets: P (Rene), pha (Stolfi) # Subject: pharmaceutical # Colors: red,green,b (Reeds) # # Description: # # two rows of plants, with (mostly) one word captions # 4 line text paragraph # one row of plants with one word captions in staggerd order # 6 line text paragraph # {$I=P $Q=S $P=D $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-27 07:48:25 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f100v = SD (Rene) = p202 (Stolfi) # Folio: f100 # Panels: f100v # Bifolio: bS2 = f100+f101 # Quire: S (Rene) = XVII (Beinecke) # # Brumbaugh p86; ``medicinal herbs'' # Roe, 6th September 1993 # Transcribed from Brumbaugh, p. 86 # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 4? (Currier) # Subsets: P (Rene), pha (Stolfi) # Subject: pharmaceutical # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # The leaves and overall shape of plant [3,3] resemble those of # plant f101v2[3,1]. [Stolfi] # {$I=P $Q=S $P=E $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-27 07:44:09 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f101r1 = SE (Rene) = p203 (Stolfi) # Folio: f101 # Panels: f101r1+f101r2 # Bifolio: bS2 = f100+f101 # Quire: S (Rene) = XVII (Beinecke) # # Panels 101r1 and 101r2 form a single "logical" page. # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: P (Rene), pha (Stolfi) # Subject: pharmaceutical # Colors: green,tan,blue,red(some) (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=P $Q=S $P=F} # Last edited on 1998-10-27 07:43:21 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f101r2 = SF (Rene) = p204 (Stolfi) # Folio: f101 # Panels: f101r2 # Bifolio: bS2 = f100+f101 # Quire: S (Rene) = XVII (Beinecke) # # This panel is a logical continuation of page f101r1. # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: P (Rene), pha (Stolfi) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # Continuation of panel 101r1 # # {$I=P $Q=S $P=G $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-28 09:43:29 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f101v2 = SG (Rene) = p205 (Stolfi) # Folio: f101 # Panels: f101v2+f101v1 # Bifolio: bS2 = f100+f101 # Quire: S (Rene) = XVII (Beinecke) # # Panel f101v1 labeled f100v in Brumbaugh. # From Brumbaugh: p86: ``medicinal herbs'' # # An enlargement of this page is reproduced in O'Neill's paper, # called page f101v. # # This page spans two normal-size panels (f101v2 and f101v1) in a # four-panel fold-out folio. They were originally entered as two # separate pages (f101v2 and f101v1). However the text and plants # clearly connect across the joining fold. [Stolfi] # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: P (Rene), pha (Stolfi) # Subject: pharmaceutical # Colors: red,b,tan,red[panel_v2],???[panel_v1] (Reeds) # # Description: # # The top 2/3 of the page contain three rows of plants, with 9, 9, # and 10 plants, respectively. The fold between the two panels falls # to the right of plants [1.4] and [2.4], and cuts through plant # [1.5]. # # In rows 1 and 2, each plant has a one-word label (units "R1" and # "R2"), at its right or above, except perhaps for plant [1,7]. The # plants in row 3 are unlabeled. # # There are also three containers crammed into the left margin of # the page (panel v2 only), next to each row of plants. No labels # are visible on them (but the image is too dark to tell for sure). # All three containers have a simple cylindrical shape. They are # dark painted, undecorated except for a few narrow rings, light # colored, some of them with dots. The relative ring positions, from # the bottom, are: 0.0, 0.7, 1.0 (top container); 0.0, 0.3, 0.8, 1.0 # (middle), and 0.0, 0.8, 1.0 (bottom). # # Below the plants are three paragraphs, with 2.7, 2.8, and 3.0 lines # (unit "P"). The first two lines of the paragraph 1 are interrupted # by the roots of plants [3,8] and [3,9]. # # Below the last paragraph there is a centered partial line or "title" # (unit "T"). It may be simply the last line of paragraph 3. # # Plant descriptions: # # ROW 1: # # 1 headroot, bugroot, bird or crab?root [John Grove] # # [1,1] Root: two thick horizontal roots; the left one seems truncated, # the right one makes an S-curve, and tapers down to a blunt point. # Stem: vertical and unbranched. Leaves: rounded, with five # big dents and many smaller ones (like a coarse circular saw blade); # with long stalks, paired except for a lone leaf at top. (May be flowers?). # # [1,2] Root: fat knobby carrot. Stem: vertical, unbranched. Leaves: # trowel-shaped, drooping, no stalks, toothed edges. Flower: # one, large, horizontal; the image is too dark to see any detail. # # [1,3] Root: rather peculiar---the base of the stem bifurcates # like an inverted "U", and each arm ends with a "fat carrot", # barely wider than it. The arms of the "U" are thicker than the # stem and almost as thick as the "carrots"). Stem: vertical, # with two paired horizontal branches. Leaves: quite strange, look like # ice-cream cones with thick walls, inserted upside-down on the # leaf stalks. # # [1,4] Root: begins like a small carrot but immediately splits # into three tapering and diverging rootlets. Stem: vertical, # with two paired horizontal branches. Leaves: on medium-length # stalks, paired (except for lone leaf at top), triangular, with # two round lobes and two "horns" on the long sides, near the # base. (Each leaf resembles a toy "space shuttle" with two # pairs of wings). # # [1,5] This plant is barely visible in the source image, but part # of it can be seen in the reproduction of page f101v2. Root: # dense round mass, perhaps a spiny tuber. Stem: unbranched, # vertical. Leaves: two, oblong, paired, at end of stem. # # [1,6] Root: "fat crossed legs". Stem: vertical, unbranched. # Leaves: paired, triangular, with somewhat drooping stalks. # # [1,7] Root: "lock of hair". Stem: vertical, unbranched. # Leaves: paired, broad, lance-shaped, with slightly dented edges, # pointing fully down. # # [1,8] Root: two horizontal, diverging,tapering branches. Stem: # vertical, unbranched, slightly curved. Leaves: maize-like, # without stems, curved down. The leaves are partly obscured # by bleedtrough from the leaves of f101r1[1,2] # # [1,9] Root: four horizontal branches, two on either side; # the bottom ones are shorter and curved inwards, like # crab's claws. Stem: vertical, unbranched. Leaves: # oval, ending with a point, with short stems; paired and # perpendicular to the stem, except for a single leaf at the # top. # # ROW 2: # # [2,1] Looks like a single leaf, without root or stem. # The leaf is round, dark, with scalloped edges. In the center # of the top side there is a light "C", with the opening pointing SE; # the stalk is apparently attached to the underside, roughly at # the center of the "C". # # [2,2] Root: with two horizontal branches, dark and thickened, # with downturned tips and many down-pointing hairs (like a thick # moustache that needs to be trimmed.) Stem: straight, pointing NE, # with two paired branches that start horiontal but curve up # (the whole resembles a three-armed candelabrum). Leaves: # three flyswatter-like leaves (or dense leaf clusters) with # toothed distal edge. # # [2,3] Root: a tilde-shaped main root, almost horizontal, # pointing W, with 7 short, tapering, curved rootlets (like bird's claws). # Stem: vertical, unbranched. Leaves: a big round leaf, with toothed edge, # and a wide slice missing at the bottom part (where the stem is # connected to the leaf center). Alternatively it could be # a fan-like cluster of tightly packed, long and narrow leaves. # # # [2,4] Root: it has two horizontal branches, smooth, tapered # and slightly curved, each having a roundish "hump" where it # gets near the stem. It also has a "fat mousetail" stretching # down from the base of the stem and gradually curving towards # West. Stem: vertical, somewhat curved, unbranched. Leaves (or # flowers): light-colored, two paired, three alternate, a single # one at the end of the stem; all with long slightly crooked # stalks. Each leaf is a star with 8 to 10 sharp triangular # rays, with a dot at the center. # # [2,5] Root: two short worm-like branches, bent horizontally to the left. # Stem: practically none. Leaves: Large, round, with round-toothed # edges, coneccted directly to the root by thin mostly upright # stalks. The leaves were painted in alternating lightand dark tones. # (The "leaves" could also be leaf clusters, and the "stalks" could be # branches.) # # [2,6] Root: a small knobby carrot, dark, pointing to the right. # Stem: several twisted branches rising from the root. Leaves: # round, with large round teeth, with stems resembling the branches. # # [2,7] Root: very small, basically six short strokes pointing # to the sides and down. Stem: practically null. Leaves: # two, paddle-shaped, paired. # # [2,8] Root: long and thin, unbranched, worm-like, growing # almost horizontally to the left, ending with a single whisker. # Stem: short and upright. Leaves: only one, growing up from # the top of the stem; broad, eye-shaped, with many peg-like # teeth. # # [2,9] Root: a short knobby carrot, growing horizontally # to the left. Stem: none. Leaves: broad, lance-shaped, # undulating, with a medium-length stalk, attached directly to the root. # # ROW 3: # # [3,1] Root: a small bulbous tuber, bent W (like a small # eggplant), ending with a short rootlet. Stem: vertical, # unbranched. Leaves: eigth paired, one at the top; feather-like # with many sharp leaflets, resembling the branches of a pine # tree. (The image is too dark to tell for sure). # # [3,2] Root: a dense brush of short S-shaped rootlets, with a # single long mousetail stretching out in the SW direction. Stem: verrtical, # unbranched, slightly curved NW at the top. Leaves: triangular, # with slightly serrated edges, narrow but stiff, horizontal, paired, # with medium-short stalks. Flower(?): a large one at the top of the # stem, resembling a sunflower, apparently without petals. (That part # of the image is obscured by a blot or bleedthrough.) # # [3,3] Root: four straight spines, narrow and sharp, pointing # SW. Stem: vertical, short, unbranched. Leaves: a single # broad fan-shaped cluster, resembling the tail of a turkey. # Each leaf is long with a rounded tip, slightly curved # upwards. Flowers(?): two, with long stalks branching out # diagonally from mid-stem and extending above the leaf cluster. # The chalyx(?) looks like a flat round saucer; the # corolla is cylindrical, with scalloped upper edge. # (Details are hard to see in the image.) # # [3,4] Root: shaped like a fat comma, with a human face # on the round part, and a couple of whiskers extending # Westward from the tip. Stem: straight, with two # nearly horizontal short branches, paired. Leaves: # seven, irregularly placed, with medium-short stalks. # Each leaf is wider than its length, with 4-5 rounded # lobes on the distal edge (vaguely like the outline of # a Chinese pot-sticker). # # [3,5] (This plant is largely obscured by the fold between # panels v2 and v1.) Root: only one tip is visible, West of the # fold---mostly horizontal, curved up, cylindrical, ending abruptly # with a hooked rootlet. Stem: apparently short and vertical. Leaves: # a single fan-like cluster, about 60 degrees wide, of long narrow # leaves, resembling palm leaflets. # # [3,6] Root: small nondescript tuber with many hairs. Stem: # vertical, unbranched. Leaves: broad, lance-shaped (almost round), # with a short "beak". # # [3,7] Root: small carrot-like main root ending with three short rootlets. # Stem: two branches (or leaf stalks) rising from the root, one vertical, one oblique. # Leaves: two, each with 5 lance-shaped fingers, narrow and long, # fanning out from the end of the stalk, with a spread of about 60 degrees. # # [3,8] Root: twisted humpy tuber, mostly horizontal, with several # rootlets at the periphery. Stem: straight, unbranched. Leaves: # two paired, lance-shaped, with very short stalks, attached at # mid-stem. Flowers: a single spindle-shaped inflorescence, at the # tip of the stem. # # [3,9] Root: two round, light tubers, with a fringe of rootlets at the # bottom. Stem: vertical, unbranched. Leaves: almond-shaped, # tapering to a point; paired, except for the only one at the top. # # [3,10] Root: a round bulb with a long, narrow, tapering root growing # horizontally to the right. Stem: vertical, unbranched. Leaves: # triangular "fans" or "spatulas" (somewhat gingko-like) broad and # short, paired, attached directly to the stem and coplanar with # it. Fruits: three dark berries with medium-length stalks and a # light-colored circle at the top. (The "fruits" could be # flowers.) # # Comments: # # As proof that panels f101v2 (this page) and f101v1 # comprise a single logical page, note that v1 has no containers, # but otherwise has the same layout as v2: three rows of plants (the # first two labeled), and three paragraphs at the bottom. Moreover # the paragraphs in v2 have 3.0, 3.0, and 3.0 lines, all aligned # with those of v1; and the last paragraph of v2 is followed by a # right-justfied title---which lines up neatly with the last line of # v1. [Stolfi] # # The source of the reproduction in O'Neill's paper is acknowledged # as "Through the kindness of Mrs Voynich, the owner of the Ms, Dr. # Petersen of this institution, possesses a photostat copy of it". # [Gabriel 98/Mar/07] # # The position of the containers suggests they were not # planned from the beginning, but added after the plant drawings # were complete. In fact this seems to be true of the whole pharma # section. [Stolfi] # # "Fair copies" of some of these plant drawings are found elsewhere. [Stolfi] # # Some of the plants on row 2 could be algae. [Stolfi] # # Plant [1,2] strongly resembles the "sunflower" on f93r. [Stolfi] # # Plant [2,4] has roots with 'knots' as if it's a tree. The leaves # look like chestnut's. [Rene 98/Aug/16] # # The leaves and overall shape of plant [3,1] resemble those of # plant f100v[3,3]. [Stolfi] # # The root and face on the root of plant [3,4] are standard medieval # symbolism. (Presumably it means that a "good" specimen is one # whose shape and spots resemble a human face, just as a "good" # mandrake root is one that resembles a human body.) [Stolfi 98/Aug/13] # # {$I=P $Q=S $P=H $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-25 05:54:52 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f101v1 = SH (Rene) = p206 (Stolfi) # Folio: f101 # Panels: f101v1 # Bifolio: bS2 = f100+f101 # Quire: S (Rene) = XVII (Beinecke) # # From Brumbaugh p86: ``medicinal herbs'' # Labeled f100v in Brumbaugh. # a very poor copy, possibly several letters lost all down left margin # # This panel is a logical continuation of panel f101v2 (q.v.). It # was originally entered as a separate page, but the text and plants # clearly span the two panels. It should not have got a p-number, # but now it is too late... # # Correspondence between old line numbers in this page and current ones: # # old current # ------------------- -------------------------------- # # # right half of # right half of # right half of # right half of # # Correspondence between old plant numbers in this page and current ones: # # old current # ------------------- -------------------------------- # f101v1.[1,1..5] f101v2.[1,5..9] # f101v1.[2,1..5] f101v2.[2,5..9] # f101v1.[3,1..5] f101v2.[3,6..10] # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: P (Rene), pha (Stolfi) # Subject: pharmaceutical # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # See page f101v2. # # Comments: # # See page f101v2. # # {$I=P $Q=S $P=I $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 05:10:39 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f102r1 = SI (Rene) = p207 (Stolfi) # Folio: f102 # Panels: f102r1 # Bifolio: bS1 = f99+f102 # Quire: S (Rene) = XVII (Beinecke) # # This page is the innermost recto panel of a six-panel fold-out. # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: P (Rene), pha (Stolfi) # Subject: pharmaceutical # Colors: red,green,blue,tan (Reeds) # # Description: # # Three paragraphs of text with three rows of plants: # # [1,1] above the text; # [2,1] beween paragraphs 1 and 2; # [3,1]..[3,2] below the text. # # Plant [1,1] is labeled. # # There are also three containers (unlabeled?) crammed into the left # margin; they look as if they were added as an afterthought. # # "Fair copies" of some of these drawings are found elsewhere: # # f102r1[3,1] = ... (herbal). # f102r1[3,2] = f1v (herbal). # {$I=P $Q=S $P=J $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-12-11 11:20:13 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f102r2 = SJ (Rene) = p208 (Stolfi) # Folio: f102 # Panels: f102r2, f102r3 # Bifolio: bS1 = f99+f102 # Quire: S (Rene) = XVII (Beinecke) # # This page spans the two outermost recto panels (f102r2, f102r3) # of a six-panel fold-out. Panel f102r3 is half-width. # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: P (Rene), pha (Stolfi) # Subject: pharmaceutical # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # Three paragraphs and three rows of plants and animals: # # [1,1]..[1,4] above and right of parag 1; two plants, frog, locust(?). # [2,1]..[2,5] between pagas 1 and 2; five roots, some with leaves. # [3,1]..[3,2] two roots, labeled. # # There are also three containers (unlabeled?) crammed into the left # margin; they look as if they were added as an afterthought. # # Comments: # # "Fair copies" of some of these drawings are found elsewhere: # # f102r2[1,1] = ... (herbal). # f102r2[1,2] = ... (herbal). # f102r2[3,1] = ... (herbal). # f102r2[3,2] = ... (herbal). # # The "stick insect" could have been inspired by a tear in the vellum. {$I=P $Q=S $P=K $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-28 08:51:02 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f102v2 = SK (Rene) = p209 (Stolfi) # Folio: f102 # Panels: f102v3, f102v2 # Bifolio: bS1 = f99+f102 # Quire: S (Rene) = XVII (Beinecke) # # This page spans the two outermost verso panels (f102v3, f102v2) of # a six-panel fold-out. Panel f102v3 is half-width. # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: P (Rene), pha (Stolfi) # Subject: pharmaceutical # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # Two blocks of text and three rows of plants: # # [1,1]..[1,7] top of page; leaves, "cube root" # [2,1]..[2,7] just below first row: more leaves. # [3,1]..[3,5] between the two text blocks: roots with leaves. # # Comments: # # Plant 4 of the last row has "same" label as # first plant on top row of f89v1. The root is similar, # the leaves only vaguely so. # # # {$I=P $Q=S $P=L $L=A} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 05:15:12 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f102v1 = SL (Rene) = p210 (Stolfi) # Folio: f102 # Panels: f102v1 # Bifolio: bS1 = f99+f102 # Quire: S (Rene) = XVII (Beinecke) # # This page is the innermost verso panel of a six-panel fold-out. # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: P (Rene), pha (Stolfi) # Subject: pharmaceutical # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # Two blocks of text and and two rows of plants: # # [1,1]..[1,5] above parag 1; roots and leaves. # [2,1]..[2,3] between pagas 1 and 2; roots and leaves. # # There are also two containers (unlabeled?) crammed into the left # margin; they look as if they were added as an afterthought. # # "Fair copies" of some of these drawings are found elsewhere: # # f102v1[2,2] = ... (herbal). # # gathering number 19 # {$I=S $Q=T $P=A $L=B $H=X} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 05:16:56 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f103r = TA (Rene) = p211 (Stolfi) # Folio: f103 # Panels: f103r # Bifolio: bT1 = f103+f116 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: X (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (text only) # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # gathering mark 20 # {$I=S $Q=T $P=B $L=B $H=X} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 05:18:16 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f103v = TB (Rene) = p212 (Stolfi) # Folio: f103 # Panels: f103v # Bifolio: bT1 = f103+f116 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: X (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (text only) # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=C $L=B $H=X} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 05:19:01 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f104r = TC (Rene) = p213 (Stolfi) # Folio: f104 # Panels: f104r # Bifolio: bT2 = f104+f115 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: X (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (text only) # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=D $L=B $H=X} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 05:19:21 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f104v = TD (Rene) = p214 (Stolfi) # Folio: f104 # Panels: f104v # Bifolio: bT2 = f104+f115 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: X (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (text only) # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=E $L=B $H=Y} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 05:19:51 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f105r = TE (Rene) = p215 (Stolfi) # Folio: f105 # Panels: f105r # Bifolio: bT3 = f105+f114 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: Y (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (text only) # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=F $L=B $H=Y} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 05:20:12 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f105v = TF (Rene) = p216 (Stolfi) # Folio: f105 # Panels: f105v # Bifolio: bT3 = f105+f114 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: Y (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (text only) # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=G $L=B $H=X} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 05:20:54 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f106r = TG (Rene) = p217 (Stolfi) # Folio: f106 # Panels: f106r # Bifolio: bT4 = f106+f113 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Transcribed by Tiltman # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: X (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (text only) # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=H $L=B $H=X} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 05:21:15 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f106v = TH (Rene) = p218 (Stolfi) # Folio: f106 # Panels: f106v # Bifolio: bT4 = f106+f113 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: X (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (text only) # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=I $L=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 05:58:59 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f107r = TI (Rene) = p219 (Stolfi) # Folio: f107 # Panels: f107r # Bifolio: bT5 = f107+f112 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (text only) # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=J $L=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 05:22:22 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f107v = TJ (Rene) = p220 (Stolfi) # Folio: f107 # Panels: f107v # Bifolio: bT5 = f107+f112 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (text only) # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=K $L=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 05:22:55 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f108r = TK (Rene) = p221 (Stolfi) # Folio: f108 # Panels: f108r # Bifolio: bT6 = f108+f111 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (text only) # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # {$I=S $Q=T $P=L $L=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-09 05:23:22 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f108v = TL (Rene) = p222 (Stolfi) # Folio: f108 # Panels: f108v # Bifolio: bT6 = f108+f111 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (text only) # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # {$I=M $Q=T $P=W} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:54:21 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f109r = TW (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f109 # Panels: f109r # Bifolio: bT7 = f109+f110 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), unk (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (missing) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # Folio 109 is missing # {$I=M $Q=T $P=X} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:54:29 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f109v = TX (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f109 # Panels: f109v # Bifolio: bT7 = f109+f110 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), unk (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (missing) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # Folio 109 is missing # {$I=M $Q=T $P=Y} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:54:38 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f110r = TY (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f110 # Panels: f110r # Bifolio: bT7 = f109+f110 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), unk (Stolfi) # Subject: unknown (missing) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # Folio 109 is missing # {$I=M $Q=T $P=Z} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 03:54:47 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Missing" # Page: f110v = TZ (Rene) = p??? (Stolfi) # Folio: f110 # Panels: f110v # Bifolio: bT7 = f109+f110 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: M (Rene), unk (Stolfi) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=M $L=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 07:52:08 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f111r = TM (Rene) = p223 (Stolfi) # Folio: f111 # Panels: f111r # Bifolio: bT6 = f108+f111 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # text only # stars # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=N $L=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 07:51:53 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f111v = TN (Rene) = p224 (Stolfi) # Folio: f111 # Panels: f111v # Bifolio: bT6 = f108+f111 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # variant readings based on [1609|1613] # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # text only # short paragraphs marked with stars # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=O $L=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 07:51:26 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f112r = TO (Rene) = p225 (Stolfi) # Folio: f112 # Panels: f112r # Bifolio: bT5 = f107+f112 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # variant readings based on [1609|1613] # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # text only # short paragraphs marked with stars # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=P $L=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 07:51:17 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f112v = TP (Rene) = p226 (Stolfi) # Folio: f112 # Panels: f112v # Bifolio: bT5 = f107+f112 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # variant readings based on [1609|1613] # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # text only # short paragraphs marked with stars # lost synch from line 36, rearranged by hand and renumberer by G. Landini 1996. # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=Q $L=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 07:51:07 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f113r = TQ (Rene) = p227 (Stolfi) # Folio: f113 # Panels: f113r # Bifolio: bT4 = f106+f113 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # variant readings based on [1609|1613] # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # text only # short paragraphs marked with stars # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=R $L=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 07:50:55 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f113v = TR (Rene) = p228 (Stolfi) # Folio: f113 # Panels: f113v # Bifolio: bT4 = f106+f113 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # variant readings based on [1609|1613] # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # text only # short paragraphs marked with stars # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=S $L=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:51:45 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f114r = TS (Rene) = p229 (Stolfi) # Folio: f114 # Panels: f114r # Bifolio: bT3 = f105+f114 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # variant readings based on [1609|1613] # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # text only # short paragraphs marked with stars # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=T $L=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:51:40 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f114v = TT (Rene) = p230 (Stolfi) # Folio: f114 # Panels: f114v # Bifolio: bT3 = f105+f114 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # text only # stars # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=U $L=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:52:24 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f115r = TU (Rene) = p231 (Stolfi) # Folio: f115 # Panels: f115r # Bifolio: bT2 = f104+f115 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # text only # stars # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=V $L=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:52:48 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f115v = TV (Rene) = p232 (Stolfi) # Folio: f115 # Panels: f115v # Bifolio: bT2 = f104+f115 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # text only # stars # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=W $L=B} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 02:53:02 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: ??? # Page: f116r = TW (Rene) = p233 (Stolfi) # Folio: f116 # Panels: f116r # Bifolio: bT1 = f103+f116 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: B (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), str (Stolfi) # text only # stars # Colors: red(stars),yellow(stars) (Reeds) # # Description: # # # Comments: # # {$I=S $Q=T $P=X} # Last edited on 1998-12-04 02:40:59 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Last page" # Page: f116v = TX (Rene) = p234 (Stolfi) # Folio: f116 # Panels: f116v # Bifolio: bT1 = f103+f116 # Quire: T (Rene) = XVIII (Beinecke) # # Shown in Plate 15 of Tiltman's article # [item 10 in Jim Reeds's bibliography]. # # Attributes: # # Language: ? (Currier) # Hand: ? (Currier) # Subsets: S (Rene), xxx (Stolfi) # Colors: ??? (Reeds) # # Description: # # This page is blank except for four lines of text at the top # (numbered "0" to "3") and some drawings at the top left corner. # # The text is rougly justified against the left margin, and ragged # on the right. Line 0 is flush against the top edge of the vellum, # lines 1-3 lie about 1/2 inch below it, with normal interline # spacing. Except for two Voynichese words at the beginning of line # 3, the text is written in a peculiar script ("Michitonese") that # seems to be intermediate between ordinary (Latin) alphabet and the # VMs script. The handwriting is irregular and not very readable. # The letters in line 0 is somewhat smaller but apparently in the # same handwriting as the rest. # # The area next to the upper left corner is hevily stained and # wrinkled. There is a large hole in the vellum, 2-3mm wide, near # the upper left corner, about 2cm from the edges. Lines 1 and 2 # of the text start right next to the hole. # # In the dark region between the hole and the left edge, roughly # aligned with text line #2, there is the drawing of a four-legged # animal, resembling a dog with round ears, short hais, and a fat # but pointed tail. The animal is facing left, with the snout right # against the vellum's edge. # # Below the animal is a female nymph (with breasts), naked except for some # simple hat. She is facing seems to be seated on a sloping surface, # right at the edge of the dark area, with arms stretched sideways # and down. # # Above the anumal there is a drawing of an unidentified bulbous object. # # There is a large question mark at the right margin, aligned with # line 3 but well beyound its end. It shows up in Newbold's reproduction. # # In one reproduction of this page there is a very faint line of modern-style # digits below part of the first line. Each letter (but not the "+" # signs) has a single digit below it; except that one can see also # the numerals "10" and "13", each squeezed under a single letter. # (Part of the line is unreadable, so "11" and "12" could be there # too.) However these digits were probably scribbled on the copy, # since they do not show up in Newbold's reproduction. # # Comments: # # THE SCRIPT # # Jacques Guy [] mentions the Michitonese script resembles that of a # 1460 German manuscript in Latin reproduced in [1, p.78]. In that # sample, there are letters that look like Voynich 8, but they stand # for "d" not "s". Final "s" is written like the modern "es-zet". # # Jacques [29 Mar 1996] also suggest that "ct" coudl be a "t" as # found in Benaventan and Visigothic manuscripts, and "9" could # be "us". # # Rene Zandbergen [27 Mar 1996] confirms similarity of Michitonese # with another German manuscript from 1440, in German [2]. In that # sample too `d' was written as `8', `so' was written "just like in # the VMS(?)", and `Venus' was written `Ven9'. He adds later [28 Oct # 98] that the f116v text "looks more like a German hand than # anything else. Not Kircher's, not Marci's but earlier." # # Some of the "Michitonese" letters seem purposefully distorted to # resemble Voynichese letters. # # Denis Mardle [19 Apr 97] notes that the Michitonese writing is # "not unlike" the small extraneous writing on f17r. # # Stolfi [01 Nov 98] notes that the Michitonese script resembles # that of the "month names" in the center of the "zodiac" diagrams. # For example, the last character of line 1 is similar to the first # character of the Pisces label (f70v2). If the two sets are indeed # by the same hand, then the month names give valuable clues on the # Michitonese alphabet. # # THE TEXT # # Before seeing what the text actually looks like, Stolfi [5 Feb # 1998] conjectured that the text could be an anagram, given that it # resembles a "Scrabble end-game". Unfortunately anagrams of that # size are practically unsolvable without a clue. # # Common opinion is that the f116v text is scribblings by a would-be # decipherer. However this theory does not seem compatible with the # "ordinary" appearance of the text, and does not explain the # normal-looking Voynichese words ("oror sheey" in EVA) inserted in # the text. # # Rene [5 Feb 1998] conjectures that the "would-be decipherer" is # the same person who wrote the character tables on f1r. Rene also # remarks that one can exclude Dee, Kelley, Askham, Ricci, and # Bacon, since the third line is very likely German. # # Andras Kornai [25 Nov 1998] says that says that "-d" is the 2nd # person posessive ending in Hungarian, but the text does not seem # to be Hungarian. # # Newbold [1921] reads the first line, rather arbitrarily, as "michiton # oladabas multos te tccr cerc portas" (and ignores the other three). # After many arbitrary manipulations he gets a "cipher key" out of it. # # Brumbaugh reads the text as "(...)con olada ba", interprets # "con...ba" as an anagram of "bacon", and turns "olada" into # 'rodgd' by adding 3 to each letter. Brumbaugh then says "rodgd" # means "roger"; but he concludes that this evidence was planted by # Dee/Kelly. (Reported by Rene [2 Feb 1998].) # # Jim Reeds [15 Apr 94] quotes Erwin Panofsky [4] who reads the # second line as "so nim geismi[l]ch o", meaning, "... take goats # milk, or..." # # Jacques Guy [] remarks that the the word that Newbold and others # read "valst" or "valsch" is actually "valde" ("strongly, very") in # the 1460 german manuscript [1, p.78]. # # Rene, tongue in cheek [15 Apr 1998], notes that the mapping # {ol->d, m->p, ch->e, d->b, b->n} turns "michiton oladabas" into # "pieiton d abanas", i.e. "Pietro d'Abano" modulo transcriber # errors. # # Rene [07 Feb 96], looking at D'Imperio's photocopy, thinks that # there might be at least one (unreadable) letter before "michiton". # # Rene [13 Mar 1996] noted that the text begins with "mich" and ends # with "nich", suggesting it was written by "MICHael voyNICH". # # Rene [5 Feb 1998] notes that some Voynichese words are similar to # "oladabas", e.g. the label on the NE corner of f67v2 ("otararain"). # Dennis [28 Oct 1998] suggests "otardar" from f67r1 (outer circle, # at 11:00). # # Rene [28 Oct 1998] also suggests f76v.P.19 ("orar.sheey") as a # possible source for line 3. Stolfi observes that there is also # an "aror.sheey" on f104r.P.28. # # Stolfi [] remarks that "Olazabal" or "Olazábal" is a common mame # in Spanish-speaking areas, probably of Basque origin. # # THE DRAWINGS # # Rene [18 Sep 1997] thinks the animal looks like a horse. Stolfi [] # thought it could be a dog. # # Rene also observes [] that the nymph on f116v looks very much like the # "dead" nymph on page ???---which also has extraneous writing, possibly # by the same hand. # # References: # # [1] Joyce Whalley "The Art of Calligraphy -- Western Europe and America" # Bloomsbury Books, London 1980 # # [2] Manuscript Palat. Lat. 1369. Cited in [3]. # # [3] Fritz Saxl, book about astronomical and astrological images in medieval # manuscripts. # # [4] Erwin Panofsky, in a letter to W. F. Friedman, 19 March 1954, # now in Marshall Library. #